Central Technological Library of the University of Ljubljana (CTK)
13.
Comparative assessment of toxicity of phenol, formaldehyde, and industrial wastewater to aquatic organisms
Tišler, Tatjana ; Zagorc-Končan, Jana
The toxicity of pure phenol, formaldehyde, and industrial wastewater, containing phenol and formaldehyde, from a resin production plant was evaluated using aquatic organisms from different taxonomic ...groups. Test organisms inclouded mixed bacterial culture, unicellular gree algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb., crustacea Daphnia pulex de Geer (daphnids), and fish Oncorhynchus mykiss Call, 1990 (rainbow trout). Formaldehyde was found to be more toxic to the mixed bacterial culture ▫$(120h EC_{50} = 34.1 mg L^{-1}), algae (24h EC_{50} = 14.7 mg L^{-1}), and crustacea (48h EC_{50} = 5.8 mg L^{-1}) than phenol. Phenol proved to be more toxic to fish (48h LC_{50}= 13.1 mg L^{-1}) than to the mixed bacterial culture (120h EC_{50} = 510 mg L^{-1}), algae (24h EC_{50} = 403 mg L^{-1}), and crustacea (48h EC_{50} = 25 mg L^{-1}). The toxicity of the industrial wastewater to themixed bacterial culture, algae, and crustaces was caused mainly by formaldehyde, but for fish the presence of phenol in the wastewater proved to be the significant reasons for toxicity. Differences in sensitivity▫$ of selected test organisms werealso observed, with fish and crustacea being the most sensitive species.
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