In the medical field, it is essential to predict diseases early to prevent them. Diabetes is one of the most dangerous diseases all over the world. In modern lifestyles, sugar and fat are typically ...present in our dietary habits, which have increased the risk of diabetes. To predict the disease, it is extremely important to understand its symptoms. Currently, machine-learning (ML) algorithms are valuable for disease detection. This article presents a model using a fused machine learning approach for diabetes prediction. The conceptual framework consists of two types of models: Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. These models analyze the dataset to determine whether a diabetes diagnosis is positive or negative. The dataset used in this research is divided into training data and testing data with a ratio of 70:30 respectively. The output of these models becomes the input membership function for the fuzzy model, whereas the fuzzy logic finally determines whether a diabetes diagnosis is positive or negative. A cloud storage system stores the fused models for future use. Based on the patient's real-time medical record, the fused model predicts whether the patient is diabetic or not. The proposed fused ML model has a prediction accuracy of 94.87, which is higher than the previously published methods.
Neurons in the brain communicate with each other at their synapses. It has long been understood that this communication occurs through biochemical processes. Here, we reveal that mechanical tension ...in neurons is essential for communication. Using in vitro rat hippocampal neurons, we find that 1) neurons become tout/tensed after forming synapses resulting in a contractile neural network, and 2) without this contractility, neurons fail to fire. To measure time evolution of network contractility in 3D (not 2D) extracellular matrix, we developed an ultrasensitive force sensor with 1 nN resolution. We employed Multi-Electrode Array and iGluSnFR, a glutamate sensor, to quantify neuronal firing at the network and at the single synapse scale, respectively. When neuron contractility is relaxed, both techniques show significantly reduced firing. Firing resumes when contractility is restored. This finding highlights the essential contribution of neural contractility in fundamental brain functions and has implications for our understanding of neural physiology.
The current study aims to evaluate the rutting resistance of warm miox asphalt (WMA) taking into consideration the influence of production temperature. Rediset WMX, Sasobit, and Rediset LQ were used ...to manufacture WMAs. WMA was manufactured at 125°C (for a modified soft binder, 100/150) and 135 and 145°C (for a modified hard binder, 40/60), while the control hot mix asphalt (HMA) was manufactured at 145 and 155°C for soft and hard binder, respectively. Although WMAs manufactured using hard binder (40/60) were successfully produced at a temperature 20°C lower than that for the control HMA, its rutting performance was inferior to that of the control HMA with both Rediset LQ and Rediset WMX; while the rutting performance of the Sasobit-modified hard binder–asphalt mixture was equal to that of HMA because Sasobit increases the stiffness of binder. On the other hand, all WMAs produced at a temperature of 145°C performed better than or equal to HMA. In summary, binder grade has an important role in the dosage of additive, performance, and the reduction of the manufacturing temperature of WMA; on the other hand, WMA additives delay the degradation of rutting rate for mixes, the results also showed that WMAs have an equal performance to or better performance than that of conventional HMA.
This study investigates the fatigue performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) tested using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) under controlled stress test mode. Cylindrical DSR samples of 12 mm in diameter ...and 50 mm in height were prepared from a full HMA using coring technique to be used in fatigue test. Regarding fatigue evaluation, a fatigue index (FI
R
) has been developed based on the relationship of stress-pseudo strain hysteresis loop to be used in evaluating fatigue performance. The average values of FI
R
, in the relationship of FI
R
against normalised shear modulus, were calculated in the range of normalised shear modulus (0.85-0.20) to be used in evaluating the fatigue performance of tested samples. The FI
R
outcomes were in agreement in respect to the ranking order with the results from well-known approaches that have also been used for evaluating the fatigue performance, such as the energy ratio and the traditional approaches. In this study, limestone and granite aggregates were used with two binder grades: 40/60 and 160/220 to prepare four mixtures with two different gradations: gap-graded hot rolled asphalt and continuously graded dense bitumen macadam. The study demonstrated that the DSR instrument could be used to perform fatigue testing of full HMA. Also, limestone mixes showed better fatigue performance than granite.
This study presents a modified Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy with primary and secondary levels of control, applied to Distributed Generator (DG) units, to account for limiting overcurrent ...in case of a faulted autonomous AC microgrid operation. Primary layer involves a Finite Control Set-MPC (FCS-MPC) for reference voltage tracing and droop control with Proportional-Integral (PI) control for power sharing between DGs. Unscented Kalman Filter estimator with MPC-based Voltage control and a communication-less event time-dependent protocol for frequency control are proposed for voltage restoration along with frequency supervision as secondary control stage in islanded DGs operation. The performance under faults of proposed controller is compared with that under conventional hierarchical control and MPC unmodified control. Under the mentioned new strategy, the AC islanded microgrid operation stability is enhanced.
The benign preparation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) was performed using marine red algae extract (Grateloupia sparsa) as a simple, cost-effective, scalable, and one-pot hydrothermal ...technique. The nominated extract was employed as an environmental reductant and stabilizing agent. The resultant product showed the typical peak of Co3O4-NPs around 400 nm wavelength as ascertained by UV–vis spectroscopy. Size and morphological techniques combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the small size of Co3O4-NPs deformed in a spherical shape. The activated carbon (AC) electrode and Co3O4-NP electrode delivered a specific capacitance (C sp) of 125 and 182 F g–1 at 1 A g–1, respectively. The energy density of the AC and AC/Co3O4 electrodes with a power density of 543.44 and 585 W kg–1 was equal to 17.36 and 25.27 Wh kg–1, respectively. The capacitance retention of designed electrodes was 99.2 and 99.5% after 3000 cycles. Additionally, a symmetric AC/Co3O4//AC/Co3O4 supercapacitor device had a specific capacitance (C sp) of 125 F g–1 and a high energy density of 55 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 650 W kg–1. Meanwhile, the symmetric device exhibited superior cyclic stability after 8000 cycles, with a capacitance retention of 93.75%. Overall, the adopted circular criteria, employed to use green technology to avoid noxious chemicals, make the AC/Co3O4 nanocomposite an easily accessible electrode for energy storage applications.
Tenoxicam (TX) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that can be used to control pain in various ophthalmic lesions like cataracts, refractive surgery, and corneal abrasion. TX has a very ...slightly aqueous solubility of 0.072 mg/mL resulting in difficulty to be formulated in ophthalmic solutions. This study aims to improve TX solubility by converting it into its potassium salt to achieve a target of 10 mg/mL (1%w/v) concentration of TX in the desired aqueous medium for the formulation of aqueous ophthalmic solutions. The synthesized TX salt was characterized by different evaluation parameters such as solubility studies,
1
H NMR, IR, and elemental analyses. Different TX potassium solutions were formulated at concentrations of 0.5% and 1% w/v using different viscosity-imparting agents. The prepared solutions were characterized for their physicochemical properties including visual inspection, pH, rheological,
in vitro
release, and kinetic behavior. Also, the formulations were biologically evaluated
in vivo
using male albino rabbits. The obtained results showed the successful synthesis of TX salt, as indicated by IR and NMR, and elemental analysis. The solubility study showed that the solubility of TX was improved hugely to 18 mg/mL (250-fold). In addition, the results showed that the prepared formulations showed acceptable physicochemical properties. The highest release rate was obtained with formula F1, which contains no viscosity-imparting agents. While as, the lowest release rate was obtained in the case of formula F9, composed of Pluronic F127 (12% w/v). The
in vivo
results showed that TX optimized ophthalmic solutions F8 and F9 inhibited the redness and edema in an extended or sustained manner.
This study focuses on enhancing indoor air quality and thermal comfort in indoor swimming pool facilities through the investigation of ventilation system configurations. Creating a comfortable and ...healthy environment in these facilities is crucial for the well-being of occupants and overall operational efficiency. The performance of the ventilation system significantly influences user comfort, energy consumption, and air quality. This research aims to analyze the impact of different ventilation system configurations on indoor air quality and thermal comfort parameters using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.
To achieve the research objectives, CFD simulations were conducted using ANSYS Fluent ®, a widely used commercial CFD package. The simulations involved solving the governing equations for continuity, momentum, energy, and species transport, along with employing the k-epsilon turbulence closure model. A high-resolution mesh with over 5.6 million elements accurately captured the flow regimes and related phenomena.
The study investigated various aspects of ventilation system configurations, including the placement and design of inlets and outlets, airflow rates, and distribution patterns. Evaluations were made based on key performance indicators such as indoor air quality parameters, thermal comfort indices, and energy efficiency metrics. Comparisons were made between different configurations to identify the most effective strategies for enhancing indoor air quality and thermal comfort.
The findings of the study demonstrate the importance of ventilation system design in achieving optimal indoor air quality and thermal comfort in indoor swimming pool facilities. The results indicate that specific configuration choices, such as the use of circular inlets in the ceiling for improved spectator comfort and rectangular inlets in the side walls for better performance in the swimming pool area, can significantly impact thermal conditions and air distribution. Additionally, the study emphasizes the need for appropriate inlet grille height to ensure adequate air mixing and thermal comfort.
The outcomes of this research provide valuable insights for architects, engineers, and facility managers involved in the design, construction, and operation of indoor swimming pool facilities. By understanding the impact of different ventilation system configurations, stakeholders can make informed decisions to optimize indoor air quality, thermal comfort, and energy efficiency. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of sustainable and comfortable indoor swimming pool environments that cater to the needs of occupants and enhance their overall experience.
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