Quantitative measurements of similarity can help researchers understand the increasing amount of manuscript metadata or digital images now available for study. Researchers in archaeology, ecology, ...and information retrieval have developed diverse methods for quantifying the similarity of categorical, numerical, and presence/absence data. The variety of methods in use reflects the complex associations of the term "similarity" and suggests that quantitative approaches can preserve some of the nuance associated with traditional humanistic approaches. We argue that similarity metrics, contextualized against random simulations, provide flexible tools for identifying and analyzing trends in large sets of multifaceted historical data and can be applied to many kinds of manuscript research projects. Simulations (permutation tests) that highlight how observed patterns diverge from random or theoretical scenarios have allowed us to interpret similarity measurements against a baseline that is analogous to researchers' intuitions born of experience. In this paper, we model using similarity metrics to conduct multifaceted analyses of an iconographic dataset derived from Lilian M. C. Randall's Images in the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts (1966), indexing images in French, English, and Flemish manuscripts produced between about 1250 and 1350. We share examples of approaches such as statistical analysis, Analysis of Similarity, and clustering to model the type of quantitative approaches we believe will become increasingly important for the analysis of digital manuscript data.
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the antecedents of process innovation to provide more alternates for Vietnamese firms as they are still struggling to find an appropriate innovation strategy.
...Design/methodology/approach
The research analyzes the separate impacts of each innovation strategy on process innovation using logistic regression models. Data were collected using a stratified random sampling method.
Findings
The results show that having an innovation strategy is good for innovation, regardless of whether the strategy is internal or external. Internal and external strategies are proved not complements but substitutes. However, the internal strategy seems to be most beneficial. Weak institutional settings further strengthen the importance of internal strategies, whereas strong institutional settings favor external strategies.
Originality/value
This paper analyzes the impact of different innovation strategies on process innovation in Vietnamese firms using firm-level data. The findings strongly recommend that in weak institutional settings such as Vietnam, firms should focus on an internal strategy because the emphasis on external innovation strategies might be a western bias stemming from research in mostly strong institutional contexts.
Taxonomic studies in Heuchera from the southern Intermountain Region in Arizona and New Mexico, U. S. A. have revealed two new species from Heuchera section Heuchera: Heuchera soltisii (Heuchera ...subsect. Parvifoliae) and Heuchera inconstans (H. subsect. Novomexicanae). Heuchera soltisii is segregated from H. parvifolia on the basis of a larger white hypanthium and variegated leaves; H. inconstans is distinguished from H. novomexicana by its green flowers, the frequent occurrence (up to one-third) of 6-merous flowers, and its specificity to sandstone. Taxonomic studies from new material have also brought to light additional morphological characters that delimit taxa in this group. Confusion regarding the limits of H. glomerulata is addressed through an emended description based on anther thecae and floral color. A key for the species of Heuchera sect. Heuchera is also provided.
For precise delineation of glioma extent, amino acid PET is superior to conventional MR imaging. Since metabolic MR sequences such as chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging and MR ...spectroscopy (MRS) were developed, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of combined CEST and MRS to predict glioma infiltration. Eighteen glioma patients of different tumor grades were enrolled in this study; 18F-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET)-PET, amide proton transfer CEST at 7 Tesla(T), MRS and conventional MR at 3T were conducted preoperatively. Multi modalities and their association were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis patient-wise and voxel-wise. Both CEST (R = 0.736, p < 0.001) and MRS (R = 0.495, p = 0.037) correlated with FET-PET, while the correlation between CEST and MRS was weaker. In subgroup analysis, APT values were significantly higher in high grade glioma (3.923 ± 1.239) and IDH wildtype group (3.932 ± 1.264) than low grade glioma (3.317 ± 0.868, p < 0.001) or IDH mutant group (3.358 ± 0.847, p < 0.001). Using high FET uptake as the standard, the CEST/MRS combination (AUC, 95% CI: 0.910, 0.907−0.913) predicted tumor infiltration better than CEST (0.812, 0.808−0.815) or MRS (0.888, 0.885−0.891) alone, consistent with contrast-enhancing and T2-hyperintense areas. Probability maps of tumor presence constructed from the CEST/MRS combination were preliminarily verified by multi-region biopsies. The combination of 7T CEST/MRS might serve as a promising non-radioactive alternative to delineate glioma infiltration, thus reshaping the guidance for tumor resection and irradiation.
Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo sobre a detecção de falhas na pista externa dos rolamentos de um motor de indução trifásico, utilizando-se a análise de variáveis mecânicas (vibração e emissão ...acústica) e elétricas (eficiência energética). Especificamente, é proposta a avaliação da expressividade dos sinais na presença da avaria, aplicando-se, como ferramentas de análise para a vibração e a emissão acústica, as transformadas de Fourier e Wavelet. A estimação da eficiência energética, a partir da medição das tensões e correntes estatóricas, é sugerida como técnica alternativa para detecção da avaria. Resultados experimentais são apresentados para observação das estratégias sugeridas, avaliando-se a credibilidade da detecção da avaria com motor funcionando na rede sem carga, com carga estática (vibração e emissão acústica) e dinâmica (eficiência energética).
Background. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsies (TBLCs) are a promising diagnostic tool in the setting of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs). However, no comparison with surgical lung biopsy ...(SLB) in the same patient is available. Methods. The diagnostic yield and safety data of TBLCs, as well as the result of SLB performed after TBLCs, were analysed in a multicentric Belgian study. A SLB was performed after TBLCs in absence of a definite pathological diagnosis or if a NSIP pattern was observed without related condition identified following multidisciplinary discussion. Results. Between April 2015 and November 2016, 30 patients were included. Frequent complications included pneumothorax (20%) and bleeding (severe 7%, moderate 33%, and mild 53%). There was no mortality. The overall diagnostic yield was 80%. A SLB was performed in six patients (three without definite histological pattern and three with an NSIP). The surgical biopsy changed the pathological diagnosis into a UIP pattern in five patients and confirmed a NSIP pattern in one patient. Conclusion. TBLCs are useful in the diagnostic work-up of DPLDs avoiding a SLB in 80% of the patients. However, surgical biopsies, performed as a second step after TBLCs because of an indefinite diagnosis or a NSIP pattern, provide additional information supporting the interest of a sequential approach in these patients.
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