Seit der Jahrtausendwende haben Men’s Sheds in vielen Ländern Einzug gehalten und die Bereitschaft der Männer zur aktiven Mitgestaltung genutzt, um deren Gesundheitsbewusstsein zu verbessern und so ...das Wohlbefinden zu steigern. Über den aktuellen Stand von Men’s Sheds in Deutschland wurde recherchiert und Beispiele werden vorgestellt.
Germany has set itself the goal of reducing the premature mortality of under 70-year-old men to 190/100,000 and of women to 100/100,000 (age-standardized) by 2030. This is in line with the targets of ...the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) (2015-2030) to reduce premature mortality by 34% for both men and women during this period. For the years 2010 to 2018, the premature mortality of 0-69-year-old men and women was calculated and standardized to the European population. On this basis, two linear trend calculations were made and compared with each other: 1. with the data of the target for Germany up to the year 2030, and 2. with the real figures achieved so far. The goal of reducing premature mortality by 34% within 15 years can, according to the current trend, only be achieved to 13.5% for men and 5.2% for women. Conclusions will be drawn from this as to how premature mortality can be reduced more significantly.
Die Leichenschau wird durch das Berliner Bestattungsgesetz geregelt. Unter Leitung der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung (KV) Berlin gibt es einen Leichenschaudienst (LSD) rund um die Uhr für ...Anforderungen zur Leichenschau durch die Bevölkerung, Pflegeeinrichtungen und die Polizei. Den KV-LSD gibt es nur in einigen Bundesländern, deshalb berichten wir über die Berliner Erfahrungen der Jahre 2021/2022. Im Jahr 2021 wurden in Berlin 39.517 Leichenschauen durchgeführt. Bei 30% aller Verstorbenen erfolgte die Leichenschau durch den Leichenschaudienst der KV.
Zusammenfassung
Vorzeitige Sterblichkeit
Die Ungleichheit der Männergesundheit wird in diesem Beitrag am Beispiel der vorzeitigen Sterblichkeit gegenüber Frauen dargestellt. Das Ziel dieses ...nachhaltigen Indikators besteht in einer Senkung der Mortalität der Männer auf 190 und die der Frauen auf 100 je 100.000 Personen bis 2030. Herausgestellt wird, wie groß die Unterschiede in der Sterblichkeit zwischen Männern und Frauen bis 69 Jahren sind. Außerdem werden für das Jahr 2016 die vorzeitige Sterblichkeit, die Unfallsterblichkeit und die Suizidsterblichkeit alters- und geschlechtsspezifisch verglichen.
Within the context of preventing non-communicable diseases, the World Health Report (2002) and the WHO Global Oral Health Program (2003) put forward a new strategy of disease prevention and health ...promotion. Greater emphasis is placed on developing global policies in oral health promotion and oral disease prevention. The Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index does not meet new challenges in the field of oral health. Dental erosion seems to be a growing problem, and in some countries, an increase in erosion of teeth is associated with an increase in the consumption of beverages containing acids. Therefore, within a revision of the WHO Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods, new oral disease patterns, e.g. dental erosion, have to be taken into account. Within the last 20 years, many studies on dental erosion have been carried out and published. There has been a rapid growth in the number of indexes quantifying dental erosion process in different age groups. However, these indexes are not comparable. This article discusses quality criteria which an index intended for assessing tooth erosion should possess.
Within the Programme for Training and Research in Public Health of the "Public Health Collaboration in South Eastern Europe (PH-SEE)", the definition and development of a Minimum Health Indicator Set ...(MHIS) for all participating countries was agreed upon in 2002. The MHIS includes 30 indicators. The monitoring of changes of indicators as markers of the situation in the individual PH-SEE countries is an important objective of the indicator set. Five indicators, marked as core indicators, were collected from the European HFA database for the years 1990-2004. These indicators include: life expectancy at birth in years, male and female; infant deaths per 1,000 live births; standardized death rate, external causes of injury and poisoning, by sex per 100,000 and tuberculosis incidence per 100,000. The metadata base description of the HFA-database was used and additional comments collected by the National Institutes of Public Health and National Statistical Offices were included. Within the descriptive analysis, additional categories such as minimum and maximum (MIN, MAX) and EU-25 average comparisons were used. Life expectancy increased in all PH-SEE countries with the exception of the Republic of Moldova. Infant mortality declined in all ten countries and the range between MIN and MAX values diminished. Nevertheless, four countries could not reach an infant mortality below 10per thousand. The SDR, external causes of injury and poisoning, follows a downward trend with the exception of the male mortality rate in Moldova. The tuberculosis incidence rate increased in the years 1990-2003 in three PH-SEE countries. The span between MIN and MAX values increased significantly. All five indicators show up and down developments in the time period of 1990-2004, based on conditions of deterioration and stabilization. Limitations of the MHIS are the questionable quality of data for some indicators in several PH-SEE countries which diminished the comparability of the indicators. The strength of the MHIS lies in the possibility of comparing the development in the health status of the countries belonging to the so-called Balkan region with a small number of indicators. That the monitoring of health indicators has continued means that the PH-SEE will take on the responsibility of the project.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
The Stability Pact includes a program for the development and reconstruction of training and research in public health for the countries of South Eastern Europe (PH-SEE). One of the identified ...priorities of national public health development is the definition of a Minimum Indicator Set for all countries of SEE.
A Task Force of the PH-SEE Network (www.snz.hr/ph-see) has proposed a Minimum Indicator Set on the basis of the list of the 224 indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO) Health for All (HFA) 21 strategy. The indicators selected follow the selection criteria as defined by expert groups of WHO and the European Commission. A meta-database describing the indicators should be established soon.
A list of 32 indicators was agreed at a workshop in Ohrid, Macedonia, in September 2001. All indicators are included in the WHO HFA 21 indicator set. Some indicators are related specifically to the SEE post-war situation, such as indicators on suicide and homicide, literacy rate, average number of calories per person a day, and average number of persons per room.
After principal agreement of the expert group on the list of indicators, further practical steps are necessary, especially testing the indicators and building a logistic network for realizing the Minimum Indicator Set. This includes a pilot phase, a revision of the Minimum Indicator Set after testing, responsibilities and timelines for data collection and data analysis, and transfer of the project into a continuous surveillance and monitoring system.
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