Summary
Clear evidence exists for heritability of human longevity, and much interest is focused on identifying genes associated with longer lives. To identify such longevity alleles, we performed the ...largest genome‐wide linkage scan thus far reported. Linkage analyses included 2118 nonagenarian Caucasian sibling pairs that have been enrolled in 15 study centers of 11 European countries as part of the Genetics of Healthy Aging (GEHA) project. In the joint linkage analyses, we observed four regions that show linkage with longevity; chromosome 14q11.2 (LOD = 3.47), chromosome 17q12‐q22 (LOD = 2.95), chromosome 19p13.3‐p13.11 (LOD = 3.76), and chromosome 19q13.11‐q13.32 (LOD = 3.57). To fine map these regions linked to longevity, we performed association analysis using GWAS data in a subgroup of 1228 unrelated nonagenarian and 1907 geographically matched controls. Using a fixed‐effect meta‐analysis approach, rs4420638 at the TOMM40/APOE/APOC1 gene locus showed significant association with longevity (P‐value = 9.6 × 10−8). By combined modeling of linkage and association, we showed that association of longevity with APOEε4 and APOEε2 alleles explain the linkage at 19q13.11‐q13.32 with P‐value = 0.02 and P‐value = 1.0 × 10−5, respectively. In the largest linkage scan thus far performed for human familial longevity, we confirm that the APOE locus is a longevity gene and that additional longevity loci may be identified at 14q11.2, 17q12‐q22, and 19p13.3‐p13.11. As the latter linkage results are not explained by common variants, we suggest that rare variants play an important role in human familial longevity.
Geo-Neutrino and Earth Electric Field Bezrukov, L. B.; Karpikov, I. S.; Mezhokh, A. K. ...
Physics of atomic nuclei,
12/2022, Volume:
85, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The possibility of large geo-antineutrino fluxes from
K decays and the presence of an excess of positive electric charge in the Earth’s crust are predicted by the Hydridic Earth model. The data of ...the Borexino experiment do not contradict the proportion of potassium equal to several percent of the Earth’s mass and predicted by this model. The detection of an excess of positively charged air ions in underground laboratories can be explained by the presence of an excess of positive electric charge in the Earth’s crust. Further studies are needed to confirm the existence of both of these effects.
A modification of the LENS (Low Energy Neutrino Spectroscopy) project for spectroscopy of solar neutrinos with energies above about 715 keV on the basis of new technologies and solutions is examined. ...The respective detector employs
In nuclei as a target for neutrinos. The creation of a detector containing about 200 t of a scintillator loaded with 10 t of indium will make it possible to measure, within five years, the energy spectra of solar neutrinos from
Be, neutrinos from the CNO cycle, and
neutrinos with small systematic errors. The detector was simulated in the form of a set of cells of a liquid scintillator doped with indium (about 10
in weight). Necessary technical conditions for detector cells are formulated, and the possible counting rate for events induced by internal and external backgrounds and characterized by an energy release of 600 to 1600 keV is estimated. It is shown that such a detector is implementable, in principle.
Low background segmented liquid scintillator detector, doped with an indium as a target for solar neutrino registration, can be used for measuring total solar neutrino spectrum including
neutrinos. A ...detector consisting of small modules filled with liquid scintillator in the volume of 1–2 L is considered. Silicon matrices are used for light collection. The background of indium beta-activity is suppressed by triple coincidences. The detector of such a type can measure
Be neutrino flux with high accuracy and independently check the measurement performed by the Borexino Collaboration.
Protein complexes associated with cellular processes comprise a significant fraction of all biology, but our understanding of their heterogeneous organization remains inadequate, particularly for ...physiological densities of multiple protein species. Towards resolving this limitation, we here present a new technique based on resin-embedded multicycle imaging (REMI) of proteins in-situ. By stabilizing protein structure and antigenicity in acrylic resins, affinity labels were repeatedly applied, imaged, removed, and replaced. In principle, an arbitrarily large number of proteins of interest may be imaged on the same specimen with subsequent digital overlay. A series of novel preparative methods were developed to address the problem of imaging multiple protein species in areas of the plasma membrane or volumes of cytoplasm of individual cells. For multiplexed examination of antibody staining we used straightforward computational techniques to align sequential images, and super-resolution microscopy was used to further define membrane protein colocalization. We give one example of a fibroblast membrane with eight multiplexed proteins. A simple statistical analysis of this limited membrane proteomic dataset is sufficient to demonstrate the analytical power contributed by additional imaged proteins when studying membrane protein domains.
The authors consider results from analyzing the energy spectrum of single events obtained in Phase III of the Borexino experiment. The experimental spectrum is fitted by a set of standard sources of ...single events with the addition of events from potassium geo-antineutrino (
40
K-geo-ν) scattering on electrons. The adding of
40
K-geo-ν events improves the agreement between the experimental and fitted spectra. Experimental results indicate considerable amounts of potassium in the Earth.
The Hydride Earth model predictions of geoneutrino flux and intrinsic Earth heat flux are discussed. The geoneutrino flux predicted by the model can be adjusted to the experimental one. The predicted ...intrinsic Earth heat flux is significantly larger than model dependent experimental value obtained under assumption that the main heat transfer mechanism is a thermal conductivity. We introduce an additional mechanism of heat transfer in the Earth's crust, namely the energy transfer by hot gases produced in the Earth crust at great depths. The experimental data supporting this idea, in particular the temperature profiles measured in the Kola super deep borehole, are discussed.
LiDAR Sensing of Aerosols Induced by Air Ions Pershin, S. M.; Zavozin, V. A.; Lednev, V. N. ...
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute,
12/2023, Volume:
50, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A strong correlation between the LiDAR aerosol backscattering signal and air ion concentration in an enclosed underground room is detected for the first time. Nowadays, air ions monitoring is ...considered to be the main tool in the search for earthquake precursors, and the revealed correlation opens interesting opportunities of using LiDARs in the search for precursors. LiDARs allow sensing the dynamics of aerosols generated by air ions as condensation nuclei on long tracks along the laser beam, compared to pointwise detection of air ions utilizing appropriate sensors.
We present the results of measurements of the air ion densities of both signs in the unventilated underground laboratory of the Moscow State University. We used the stationary station based on a ...Sapfir-3M modified air ion counter. We solved the problems of accuracy of relative measurements of air ion densities and stability of measurements in conditions of high humidity of underground cavities. We investigated the spatial distribution of air ion densities and their variability over time. An excess of positively charged air ions was found everywhere in the laboratory. The obtained data indicate the presence of a weak electric field directed downward in the underground laboratory. We observed the dependence of the air ion densities of both signs on the atmospheric pressure. We found the correlation of air ion densities with radon activity in the laboratory air and show that the ionization of air by alpha particles from the decay of radon and its daughter elements is the main source of air ions in closed underground cavities. A variant for explaining the presence of an excess of positive charge in underground cavities is proposed.
We discussed the idea of big value of potassium abundance in the Earth. We showed that Borexino single event spectrum permit the potassium abundance up to 2% instead of the CNO neutrino flux ...contribution. Works 5, 6 introduce the idea that fast α particles are appeared in nuclear processes in solar core plasma. The reactions of these α particles with CNO nuclei can suppress the CNO neutrino flux. We demonstrated the connection between the existence of Earth’s electric field and the big value of
40
K geo-neutrino flux because the both phenomena are the sequences from Hydride Earth model.
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