The core of the current granular perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) media is the granular oxide magnetic layer (GOML). We observe that a fcc NiW seed layer, followed by a hcp Ru layer sputtered ...under low pressure (LP-Ru) and then by a hcp Ru layer sputtered under high pressure (HP-Ru) provides an excellent structural template for the granular oxide magnetic layer (GOML). Microstructure and magnetic properties of the GOML can be tailored through process conditions and alloy compositions to maximize the recording performance of the perpendicular magnetic recording media. Exchange coupled composite (ECC) media design provides significant improvement in overwrite (OW) and signal-to-noise ratio (S 0 NR) for perpendicular magnetic recording media. Recording performance of the ECC media needs to be optimized with consideration of the magnetic properties and thicknesses of both the exchange control layer (ECL) and the cap magnetic layer (CML). At their respective optimum, the recording performance of the ECC media is mostly dependent upon the properties of the GOML and CML. This study indicates that a dual magnetic cap layer structure consisting of low-M s and high-M s sublayers can combine the benefits provided by the two types of cap magnetic materials.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 042001 (2016) We present a measurement of the azimuthal asymmetries of two charged pions in
the inclusive process $e^+e^-\rightarrow \pi\pi X$ based on a data set of 62
...$\rm{pb}^{-1}$ at the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=3.65$ GeV collected with
the BESIII detector. These asymmetries can be attributed to the Collins
fragmentation function. We observe a nonzero asymmetry, which increases with
increasing pion momentum. As our energy scale is close to that of the existing
semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering experimental data, the measured
asymmetries are important inputs for the global analysis of extracting the
quark transversity distribution inside the nucleon and are valuable to explore
the energy evolution of the spin-dependent fragmentation function.
Apparent volumes V
Φ of glycylglycine in aqueous NaX (X
=
F
−, Cl
−, and Br
−) solutions have been obtained from densities of their solutions at 298.15
K and 308.15
K measured by using a precise ...vibrating-tube digital densimeter. These values have been utilized in conjunction with the values in water to deduce partial molar volumes of transfer
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
from water to different aqueous NaX solutions.
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
values are positive. The interpretation is that these results arise from the dominant interaction of the NaX with the charged centers of glycylglycine. The results show that
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
depend less on the temperature. Hydration numbers and interaction coefficients have been calculated from
V
Φ
∘
and
Δ
trs
V
Φ
∘
values and the values have been interpreted in terms of various interactions.
The objective of this paper was to review temporal bone chondroblastomas in regard to their presentation, radiographic findings, histopathology, and treatment. A case report of a 38‐year‐old man who ...presented with the left‐sided hearing impairment and temporal swelling was reviewed. A CT scan revealed an osteolytic lobulated expansile mass. MRI depicted two cystic components with fluid–fluid level and enhanced solid mass. Immunohistochemical study of S‐100 was performed using avidin‐biotin‐complex method. The tumor was totally removed, with eroded squamous bone and temporal muscle, via the left zygomatic‐extended middle fossa approach. The pathology of the tumor showed that the tumor cell was spindle‐shaped, along with multinucleated giant cells. These cells had oval to polygonal nuclei; some cells showed grooved nuclei. Intercelluar calcification and hemorrhagic components were also observed in the tumor. Tumor cells were strongly positive for S‐100 protein. Temporal bone chondroblastomas are extremely rare osseous tumors with only 45 cases previously reported in the published literature. They may be confused with more common lesions seen in the temporal bone. Diagnostic radiology, including CT and/or MRI, as well as immunohistochemical staining with S‐100 protein, may assist in making the diagnosis. Treatment is complete surgical excision with preservation of vital neurovascular structures.
We present updated results from the NOvA experiment for $\nu_\mu\rightarrow\nu_\mu$ and $\nu_\mu\rightarrow\nu_e$ oscillations from an exposure of $8.85\times10^{20}$ protons on target, which ...represents an increase of 46% compared to our previous publication. The results utilize significant improvements in both the simulations and analysis of the data. A joint fit to the data for $\nu_\mu$ disappearance and $\nu_e$ appearance gives the best fit point as normal mass hierarchy, $\Delta m^2_{32} = 2.44\times 10^{-3}{{\rm eV}^2}/c^4$, $\sin^2\theta_{23} = 0.56$, and $\delta_{CP} = 1.21\pi$. The 68.3% confidence intervals in the normal mass hierarchy are $\Delta m^2_{32} \in 2.37,2.52\times 10^{-3}{{\rm eV}^2}/c^4$, $\sin^2\theta_{23} \in 0.43,0.51 \cup 0.52,0.60$, and $\delta_{CP} \in 0,0.12\pi \cup 0.91\pi,2\pi$. The inverted mass hierarchy is disfavored at the 95% confidence level for all choices of the other oscillation parameters.
Background: Iodine deficiency is the commonest cause of preventable mental retardation (MR) worldwide. However, in iodine-deficient areas not everyone is affected and familial aggregation is common. ...This suggests that genetic factors may also contribute. Thyroid hormone (TH) plays an important role in fetal and early postnatal brain development. The pro-hormone T4 (3,3′,5,5′-triiodothyronine) is converted in the brain to its active form, T3, or its inactive metabolite, reverse T3, mainly by the action of deiodinase type 2 (DIO2). Methods: To investigate the potential genetic contribution of the DIO2 gene, we performed a case-control association study using three common SNPs in the gene (rs225014, rs225012, and rs225010) that were in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other. Results: Single marker analysis showed a positive association of MR with rs225012 and rs225010. Particularly with rs225012, TT genotype frequency was significantly higher in MR cases than in controls (χ2 = 9.18, p = 0.00246). When we compared the distributions of common haplotypes, we also found significant differences between mental retardation and controls in the haplotype combination of rs225012 and rs225010 (χ2 = 15.04, df 2, global p = 0.000549). This association remained significant after Bonferroni correction (p = 0.0016470). Conclusion: We conclude that allelic variation in the DIO2 gene may affect the amount of T3 available and in an iodine-deficient environment may partly determine overall risk of MR.
The leaf–air transfer of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in three kinds of vegetables, namely lettuce, romaine and garlic leaves was investigated. It was found that although the uptake of OCPs by ...the three selected vegetables was similar under controlled conditions, the depuration varied significantly among chemicals and plant species in terms of elimination rate, final residue of each OCPs, as well as the effect of temperature on the residue of OCPs in the vegetables. The results indicated that neither QCB nor HCB could be trapped tightly by any of the three selected vegetables, in contrast,
p,
p′-DDT could be retained effectively by all of them; the retainment of α-HCH, γ-HCH,
p,
p′-DDE, was dependent on the vegetable species, of which the garlic leaf had the biggest ability to trap them. Our work provided insight into the behavior of OCPs in the agroecosystem.
The leaf–air transfer of OCPs varied significantly among chemicals and the three selected vegetables.
To study the effects of alpha-pinene on nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and the expression of the inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B alpha) in human monocyte THP-1 cell ...line.
THP-1 cells were incubated with alpha-pinene (1, 10, and 100 mg/L, for 30 min) before being stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/L, 30 min). The location of NF-kappa B p65 subunit (NF-kappa B/p65) in THP-1 cells was detected by immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The expression of NF-kappa B/p65 in nuclei and that of I kappa B alpha in cytoplasm were measured by Western-blot analysis.
The majority of FITC-labelled NF-kappa B/p65 was located in the nuclei being stimulated with LPS. Whereas, no such fluorescence was seen in the nuclei of the groups pretreated with alpha-pinene or control cells. alpha-Pinene pretreatment decreased the NF-kappa B/p65 nuclear translocation in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, and this effect was dose-dependent, but there was no reaction in LPS-unstimulated THP-1 cells. alpha-Pinene pretreatment increased I kappa B alpha protein level in cytoplasm, compared with that in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells.
In a dose-related fashion, alpha-pinene inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B induced by LPS in THP-1 cells, and this effect is partly due to the upregulation of I kappa B alpha expression.
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