•The revised and extended Bulgarian archaeomagnetic database is presented.•28 newly studied features are included as reference points.•Magnetic characteristics of unpublished reference points are ...summarized.•Reference geomagnetic curves for Bulgaria are presented.•The specified data are important contribution to the global archaeomagnetic database.
The efforts of geophysicists to describe geomagnetic field behaviour in the past lead to creation of different geomagnetic field models. On the other hand, the established regional palaeosecular variations of geomagnetic elements are increasingly used for dating purposes in archaeology. Both of these goals can be achieved if sufficient amounts of long archaeomagnetic data sets exist for different geographical regions. The accumulation of archaeomagnetic determinations began at the middle of the last century, parallel with the progressive development of experimental methodology and acceptance criteria. The presence of great number of old determinations requires their critical assessment. The important question about the reliability of the associated dating intervals should be also re-assessed. All this requires the continuous refinement and extension of the accumulated databases. This paper presents the last synthesis of Bulgarian archaeomagnetic database and the local palaeosecular variation curves obtained using a statistical treatment based on Bayesian approach (RenCurve software). The rock-magnetic characteristics of the newly included, non-published results are summarized.
Method of sub- and super-solutions is applied in investigation of solvability in classical
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sense of quasi-linear non-cooperative weakly coupled systems of elliptic second-order ...PDE. The result is illustrated on a model example arising in differential geometry.
El gorgojo Sibinia subelliptica (Desbrochers, 1873) y un rico complejo de parasitoides calcidoides asociados se criaron a partir de inflorescencias de Dianthus giganteus d’Urv. (Caryophyllaceae) en ...Bulgaria. Se identificaron los siguientes taxones: Aprostocetus venustus (Gahan) y Baryscapus sp. cercana a garganus (Domenichini, 1958) (Eulophidae); Eupelmus barai Fusu y E. microzonus Förster (Eupelmidae); Aximopsis augasmae (Zerova), A. collina (Zerova), Eurytoma coleophorae Zerova y E. coleopterae Zerova (Eurytomidae); Catolaccus crassiceps (Masi) y Pteromalus ochrocerus (Thomson) (Pteromalidae); y Exopristus trigonomerus (Masi) (Torymidae). Dos de éstos, E. coleophorae y E. coleopterae, son registrados como nuevos para Bulgaria. Todas las mencionadas relaciones parasitoide-hospedador se documentan por primera vez, así como se registra por primera vez la asociación de la planta D. giganteus con todos los parasitoides obtenidos, excepto en los casos de E. barai y E. microzonus. Se establece la nueva asociación trófica de S. subelliptica con D. giganteus.
El gorgojo Sibinia subelliptica (Desbrochers, 1873) y un rico complejo de parasitoides calcidoides asociados se criaron a partir de inflorescencias de Dianthus giganteus d’Urv. (Caryophyllaceae) en ...Bulgaria. Se identificaron los siguientes taxones: Aprostocetus venustus (Gahan) y Baryscapus sp. cercana a garganus (Domenichini, 1958) (Eulophidae); Eupelmus barai Fusu y E. microzonus Förster (Eupelmidae); Aximopsis augasmae (Zerova), A. collina (Zerova), Eurytoma coleophorae Zerova y E. coleopterae Zerova (Eurytomidae); Catolaccus crassiceps (Masi) y Pteromalus ochrocerus (Thomson) (Pteromalidae); y Exopristus trigonomerus (Masi) (Torymidae). Dos de éstos, E. coleophorae y E. coleopterae, son registrados como nuevos para Bulgaria. Todas las mencionadas relaciones parasitoide-hospedador se documentan por primera vez, así como se registra por primera vez la asociación de la planta D. giganteus con todos los parasitoides obtenidos, excepto en los casos de E. barai y E. microzonus. Se establece la nueva asociación trófica de S. subelliptica con D. giganteus.
In this work are discussed the technology for preparing and characterisation of indium-tin oxide (ITO) and ITO with titanium oxide underlayer thin films with properties appropriate for usage at ...elevated temperatures as heat reflective coatings and gas sensors. For preparing the samples the methods of radio frequency (RF) and DC-magnetron reactive sputtering were used. Sputtering of indium-tin and ITO targets with different composition in presence of oxygen as reactive gas was made. The technological parameters were studied to obtain films with optimal properties at different substrates - glass, silicon, quartz. Heating of the substrates during the preparation and their postdeposition annealing in different environments also were studied. Comparison how the different techniques and target composition affect on the films' properties was made. The composition and microstructure of the films were studied by XPS, EPMA and XRD, the surface of the films was observed by a high-resolution SEM. Thorough profile analyses on the structure changes were performed applying XPS. Some unwished phenomena like diffusion and interactions with the substrate also were investigated. To identify the optical properties of the films the methods of visual spectrophotometry and laser ellipsometry were used. The reflectance of the films in the thermal IR range was investigated by FTIR spectrophotometer.
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