Motivational interviewing led by nurses has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption among university students. However, most of these professionals feel that they lack the ...competence necessary for motivational interviewing due to a lack of formal training in the nursing curriculum.
To design, implement and evaluate a motivational interviewing training course for alcohol misuse in an undergraduate nursing curriculum and to explore students' experiences with this course.
A mixed-methods study involving a descriptive comparative quantitative design and qualitative focus group interviews with nursing students.
An elective nursing course in a Spanish university.
A total of 21 fourth-year nursing students.
The course was developed as a twelve-week, two-hour course. It comprised three modules covering the concepts, tools and skills associated with motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected after the completion of the course to evaluate the training received by students; these data were categorized using Kirkpatrick's model. The quantitative results included students' satisfaction, knowledge, skills and attitudes, which were measured using an ad hoc questionnaire, a multiple-choice exam, and two rater-based assessments (the Peer Proficiency Assessment instrument and an evidence-based checklist). Qualitative focus groups were used to explore students' experiences of the entire programme.
Students' satisfaction with the course was rated 9 out of 10, highlighting the usefulness and adequacy of the course content. The quantitative and qualitative results both indicated that all students acquired the knowledge necessary to perform motivational interviewing and significantly improved their motivational interviewing microskills. Only half of the students reached the level of proficiency in two of the three ratios calculated. The three main themes identified pertained to the learning atmosphere, module methodologies, and students' self-perceptions of competence. Finally, the students reported having transferred their learning to clinical practice.
A course on motivational interviewing for alcohol misuse positively influences nursing students both personally and in terms of their future professional work by improving their knowledge, skills, attitudes and self-perceived competence.
To explore nurses' knowledge, skills and personal attributes for competent health education practice and their association with potential influencing factors.
Clinical nurses are expected to perform ...effective health education interventions, but they do not feel competent. The self-assessment of the health education competence and its conditional factors is paramount for professional development.
A cross-sectional study.
A total of 458 clinical nurses from two health specialized centers in Spain participated in this study. Data were collected using the Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument and a second self-report questionnaire from January to February 2019. Descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the data. The STROBE guideline was used
The mean scores of the knowledge (70.10 ± 15.11), skills (92.14 ± 15.18) and personal attributes scales (32.32 ± 5.89) were found to be low to moderate. The main influencing factors for the health education implementation were lack of education and training (71.4%), lack of time (67.5%) and high workload (67.3%). Nurses with higher educational level and perceived self-efficacy for competently providing health education, more extensive professional experience and previous training in health education rated higher in knowledge, skills and personal attributes. Age and years of experience were negatively correlated with knowledge scores, but positively with the rest of domains of the competence and self-efficacy. The regression models for the overall health education competence’s domains were significant (p < 0.001) with R2 values ranging from 28.0% to 49.3%. Self-efficacy, previous health education training and working in intensive care units were found to be significant in all cognitive, psychomotor and attitudinal scales.
Clinical nurses reported on some skills and personal attributes for health education practice, but they seem to lack health education knowledge necessary for a competent practice. This study suggested that effective education and training and supportive organizational cultures are key to enhance nurses’ health education competence. Identifying nurses’ educational needs on the main domains of the competence and its intrinsic/extrinsic influential factors may assist in both planning and organizing tailored training strategies and in promoting appropriate environments to support a high-quality health education practice
Nurses’ knowledge, skills and attitudes about health education competence are low to moderate. Training and organizational support are key.
Nursing professionals are one of the groups most affected by work-related stress, which may affect the professional's quality of life and the quality of nursing care. At the international level, the ...Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) has proved to be a brief, valid and reliable tool for assessing psychosocial stress at work. The objective of this study was to obtain a Spanish version of the DCSQ for nursing professionals.
The linguistic validation proceeded in two phases: 1) forward-translation, back-translation and linguistic adaptation of the instrument and 2) content validation of the instrument using a panel of seven experts, and evaluation of the applicability and comprehension of the adapted version in a sample of twenty-one nursing professionals.
Phase 1) In the translation process, one item required semantic changes, while five items required syntactic changes. The back-translation versions were similar, and the most relevant doubts were found in item 5, identified as a problematic item throughout the entire process. Phase 2) The content validity analysis showed excellent values (content validity index = 0.90 and Kappa index values = 0.65); moreover, the pilot study confirmed the adequate comprehensibility and applicability of the questionnaire.
The use of a systematic and rigorous methodology made it possible to obtain a Spanish version of the DCSQ that is conceptually and linguistically equivalent to the original instrument and suitable for assessing psychosocial stress of nursing professionals in the workplace in a multidimensional manner.
The process of nursing home placement can be a stressful event for both the dependent elderly person and the family. During admission, especially the first few months, the family may suffer feelings ...of loss, sadness, failure and guilt. In this context, support and guidance from health professionals are essential to address the needs of residents and families through effective interventions. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the most effective interventions to help families during the process of institutionalization of a relative in a nursing home. Two types of family interventions were identified: those that focused on family-staff relationship and those that focused on family support groups, the latter being the most effective. On the other hand, most interventions have an individualistic approach, focusing on the primary caregiver. Finally, there is a shortage of quality studies that present the results of family interventions in the geriatric field and also a lack of such studies in the Spanish context.
Resumen Fundamento Los profesionales de enfermería son uno de los grupos más afectados por el estrés laboral, lo que puede afectar la calidad de vida del profesional y comprometer la calidad de los ...cuidados de enfermería. A nivel internacional, el Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) ha demostrado ser una herramienta breve, válida y fiable para evaluar el estrés laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener una versión adaptada al español del DCSQ para profesionales de enfermería. Método La validación lingüística se realizó en dos fases: 1) traducción-retrotraducción y adaptación lingüística del instrumento y 2) validación de contenido del instrumento mediante un panel de siete expertos y evaluación de la aplicabilidad y comprensión de la versión adaptada en una muestra de veintiún profesionales de enfermería. Resultados Fase 1) En el proceso de traducción, un ítem precisó cambios semánticos, mientras que cinco ítems precisaron cambios sintácticos. Las retrotraducciones fueron similares. Las dudas más relevantes se encontraron en el ítem 5, identificado como un ítem problemático a lo largo de todo el proceso. Fase 2) El análisis de la validez de contenido mostró excelentes resultados (índice de validez de contenido ≥ 0,90 y valores de kappa ≥ 0,65); además, el estudio piloto confirmó la adecuada comprensibilidad y aplicabilidad del cuestionario. Conclusiones El empleo de una metodología sistemática y rigurosa ha permitido obtener una versión adaptada al español del DCSQ, conceptual y lingüísticamente equivalente al instrumento original, y adecuada para valorar de manera multidimensional el estrés psicosocial de profesionales de enfermería en el ámbito laboral.
Nursing is a profession that has suffered from public stereotyping for a long time. It has been viewed historically as a female profession, under the orders of doctors and without its own field of ...competence. Major changes have occurred in the discipline over the last decade that directly affect the profession. As a result, this review of the literature has tried to identify the image of nursing held by the population, the prevailing stereotypes related to it, and what the public considers that nurses do. Eight categories emerged from the thematic analysis that can help in explaining the view that society has of nursing and the evolution it has undergone. It seems that the public is predominantly ignorant of the essence and focus of the discipline, which is none other than care of the person, family or community. It is also a little known profession as society does not fully acknowledge that nurses have their own field of competence, autonomy and independence. There is still a tendency to consider nursing as a profession inferior to medicine, closely related to "tasks", and there is trust in its carrying out those activities that have been traditionally associated with it. However, it is coming to be perceived as a profession that is less related to femininity and that involves greater preparation than in the past.
La institucionalización en un centro geriátrico supone en muchas ocasiones un acontecimiento estresante, tanto para la persona mayor dependiente como para su familia. Durante el ingreso, ...especialmente en los primeros meses, la familia puede tener sentimientos de pérdida, tristeza, fracaso o culpabilidad. En este contexto, resulta fundamental el apoyo y orientación de los profesionales del centro, a través de intervenciones efectivas que aborden las necesidades tanto del residente como de su familia. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es identificar cuáles son las intervenciones familiares más efectivas para ayudar a las familias durante el proceso de institucionalización en un centro gerontológico. Se han identificado dos tipos de intervenciones: aquellas que se centran en la relación familia-personal sanitario y, las que se enfocan a grupos de apoyo a familiares, siendo estas últimas las más efectivas. Por otro lado, la mayoría de intervenciones tienen un enfoque individual, centrándose en el cuidador principal, sin abordar la unidad familiar. Por último, hay una escasez de artículos de calidad que presenten resultados sobre intervenciones familiares en el ámbito geriátrico, identificándose una ausencia de estos estudios en el contexto español.
Aim
To develop and psychometrically test the Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument for assessing nurses’ knowledge, skills and personal attributes concerning competent health education ...practice.
Design
A psychometric instrument development and validation study.
Methods
A four‐step approach was used: Step 1) operational definition based on an up‐to‐date concept analysis and experts’ judgement; step 2) item generation and content validation by expert panel and target population; step 3) item analysis based on acceptability, internal consistency and face validity; and step 4) psychometric evaluation based on construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency and stability, conducted from January ‐February 2019 with 458 hospital‐care nurses.
Results
The operational framework and expert groups showed good content validity, resulting in the first version. From the initial 88‐item pool, 58 items were retained after item analysis. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three scales concerning the cognitive (three‐factor solution with 23 items), psychomotor (two‐factor solution with 26 items) and affective‐attitudinal (one‐factor solution with nine items) competency domains, which respectively accounted for 58%, 53% and 54% of the variance. Known‐group study demonstrated significant differences by years working in the service and training received in health education, providing evidence for the measure's sensitivity. The three scales correlated positively with the criterion variable. Overall Cronbach alphas for the cognitive, psychomotor and affective‐attitudinal scales were 0.95, 0.95 and 0.90, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients were >0.70.
Conclusions
The newly developed Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument is an original and tested self‐reporting psychometric tool, being the first to identify nurses’ knowledge, skills and attributes necessary for planning and assessing health education practice competency.
Impact
The instrument permits measurable insights into nurses’ perceptions regarding their health education competence and related educational needs. This study provides a valid and specific learning tool that is appropriate to use both in clinical practice and in nursing education programmes.
目的
开发《护士健康教育能力工具》,并进行心理测量学测试,就适当的健康教育活动评估护士的知识、技能及个人品质。
设计
心理测量学工具开发及验证研究。
方法
采用的方法分为四步:第1步,基于最新的概念分析和专家判断,定义操作;第2步,由专家小组及目标人群生成项目并验证内容;第3步,基于可接受性、内部一致性以及表面效度,进行项目分析;第4步,于2019年1月 ~2月,在458名医院护理护士中,基于结构效度、效标效度、内部一致性和稳定性,进行心理测量学评估
结果
操作框架和专家组显示了较好的内容效度,形成了初始版本。最初题库中有88道题目,题目分析后,保留了58道。探索性因素分析揭示了有关认知的三个标准(解决方案包括三个因素和23道题目)、心理测量(解决方案包括两个因素和26道题目)及情感‐态度(解决方案包括一个因素和九道题目)能力域,分别占方差的58%、53%和54%。已知组别的研究证明,根据工作年限及在健康教育中接受培训的年限不同,差异十分显著,这证明了测量的灵敏度。三个标准与效标变量呈正相关。认知、心理测量和情感‐态度的整体克隆巴赫系数分别为0.95、0.95和0.90。组内相关系数>0.70。
结论
新开发的《护士健康教育能力工具》是一种经测试的原创自报告心理测量工具,首次能识别护士的知识、技能及品质,这些对规划和评估健康教育实践能力而言是必不可少的。
影响
就护士对其健康教育能力和相关教育需求的看法而言,工具提供了可测量的见解。本研究提供了有效且具体的学习工具,适合在临床实践和护理教育计划中使用。
Ageing and dependence, which are closely interrelated, are currently challenging the "family potential for care" and posing the dilemma of whether the family can provide an answer to these new ...situations where assistance is called for. Elderly dependants have long-term care needs, which are sometimes of great complexity. In order to correctly carry out this care it is necessary to have the necessary training, and this must be done under the supervision and with the support of suitable professionals. Otherwise, the consequences for the person receiving the care will be an additional factor of tension placed on the family model of care. The so-called "caregiver burden" has an impact on the family caregivers and on the family, social and economic environment, as well as on their own health. An integrated approach to care, focused on the family, could enhance the autonomy of these caring families and to some extent alleviate their limitations and suffering.
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