The data-driven Bayesian model averaging is a rigorous statistical approach to combining multiple models for a unified prediction. Compared with the individual model, it provides more reliable ...information, especially for problems involving apparent model dependence. In this work, within both the non-relativistic Skyrme energy density functional and the nonlinear relativistic mean field model, the effective proton-neutron chemical potential difference Δμpn⁎ of neutron-rich nuclei is found to be strongly sensitive to the symmetry energy Esym(ρ) around 2ρ0/3, with ρ0 being the nuclear saturation density. Given discrepancies on the Δμpn⁎-Esym(2ρ0/3) correlations between the two models, we carried out a Bayesian model averaging analysis based on Gaussian process emulators to extract the symmetry energy around 2ρ0/3 from the measured Δμpn⁎ of 5 doubly magic nuclei 48Ca, 68Ni, 88Sr, 132Sn and 208Pb. Specifically, the Esym(2ρ0/3) is inferred to be Esym(2ρ0/3)=25.6−1.3+1.4MeV at 1σ confidence level. The obtained constraints on the Esym(ρ) around 2ρ0/3 agree well with microscopic predictions and results from other isovector indicators.
ZnO/graphene (ZnO-G) hybrid composites are prepared via hydrothermal synthesis with graphite, N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), and Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O as the precursors. The characterizations, including X-ray ...diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate the formation of ZnO-G. Gas sensors were fabricated with ZnO-G composites and ZnO as sensing material, indicating that the response of the ZnO towards acetone was significantly enhanced by graphene doping. It was found that the ZnO-G sensor exhibits remarkably enhanced response of 13.3 at the optimal operating temperature of 280 °C to 100 ppm acetone, an improvement from 7.7 with pure ZnO.
Importance The long-term health outcomes and symptom burden of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. Objective To evaluate health outcomes of COVID-19 survivors 1 year after hospital discharge and to ...identify associated risk factors. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted at 2 designated hospitals, Huoshenshan Hospital and Taikang Tongji Hospital, both in Wuhan, China. All adult patients with COVID-19 discharged between February 12 and April 10, 2020, were screened for eligibility. Of a consecutive sample of 3988 discharged patients, 1555 were excluded (796 declined to participate and 759 were unable to be contacted) and the remaining 2433 patients were enrolled. All patients were interviewed via telephone from March 1 to March 20, 2021. Statistical analysis was performed from March 28 to April 18, 2021. Exposures COVID-19. Main Outcomes and Measures All patients participated in telephone interviews using a series of questionnaires for evaluation of symptoms, along with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate risk factors for fatigue, dyspnea, symptom burden, or higher CAT scores. Results Of 2433 patients at 1-year follow-up, 1205 (49.5%) were men and 680 (27.9%) were categorized into the severe disease group as defined by the World Health Organization guideline; the median (IQR) age was 60.0 (49.0-68.0) years. In total, 1095 patients (45.0%) reported at least 1 symptom. The most common symptoms included fatigue, sweating, chest tightness, anxiety, and myalgia. Older age (odds ratio OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02;P < .001), female sex (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.06-1.52;P = .008), and severe disease during hospital stay (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.18-1.74;P < .001) were associated with higher risks of fatigue. Older age (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03;P < .001) and severe disease (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.14-1.99;P = .004) were associated with higher risks of having at least 3 symptoms. The median (IQR) CAT score was 2 (0-4), and a total of 161 patients (6.6%) had a CAT score of at least 10. Severe disease (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.31-2.58;P < .001) and coexisting cerebrovascular diseases (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.07-3.54;P = .03) were independent risk factors for CAT scores of at least 10. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that patients with COVID-19 with severe disease during hospitalization had more postinfection symptoms and higher CAT scores.
Background: Azithromycin (AZM) is an antimicrobial agent and frequently used in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases due to its well-recognized clinical efficacy. Despite some favorable ...findings from many studies, there is a lack of research reports focusing on the safety profiles and adverse reactions. Methods: The randomized controlled trials of AZM in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases on internet databases were searched. The search databases included Chinese CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Two researchers of this study independently assessed the eligibility, risk of bias, and extracted the data. The included literature was meta-analyzed and subgroup analyzed by revman 5.1 software. Results: A total of 14 eligible studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of adverse reactions after AZM treatment was 24.20%, which was lower than 48.05% in the control group (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.12–0.72, P < .001). In the subgroup of sequential therapy, AZM had a lower incidence of adverse reactions in sequential therapy (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.60, P < .001). In the subgroup of intravenous administration, AZM had a lower the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.12–0.84, P = .003). In the subgroup of oral administration, AZM had a lower the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.13–0.69 P < .001). Overall, it was also found that the incidence of adverse reactions in the AZM subgroup was significantly lower than that in other treatment subgroup. Conclusion: AZM has fewer adverse reactions and better safety profiles, which make AZM a more attractive option in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases.
Abstract
Background
Understanding the long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on cognitive function is essential for monitoring the cognitive decline in the elderly population. This ...study aims to assess the current cognitive status and the longitudinal cognitive decline in elderly patients recovered from COVID-19.
Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited 1539 COVID-19 inpatients aged over 60 years who were discharged from three COVID-19-designated hospitals in Wuhan, China, from February 10 to April 10, 2020. In total, 466 uninfected spouses of COVID-19 patients were selected as controls. The current cognitive status was assessed using a Chinese version of the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status-40 (TICS-40) and the longitudinal cognitive decline was assessed using an Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Cognitive assessments were performed 6 months after patient discharge.
Results
Compared with controls, COVID-19 patients had lower TICS-40 scores and higher IQCODE scores TICS-40 median (IQR): 29 (25 to 32) vs. 30 (26 to 33),
p
< 0.001; IQCODE median (IQR): 3.19 (3.00 to 3.63) vs. 3.06 (3.00 to 3.38),
p
< 0.001. Severe COVID-19 patients had lower TICS-40 scores and higher IQCODE scores than non-severe COVID-19 patients TICS-40 median (IQR): 24 (18 to 28) vs. 30 (26 to 33),
p
< 0.001; IQCODE median (IQR): 3.63 (3.13 to 4.31) vs. 3.13 (3.00 to 3.56),
p
< 0.001 and controls TICS-40 median (IQR): 24 (18 to 28) vs. 30 (26 to 33),
p
< 0.001; IQCODE median (IQR) 3.63 (3.13 to 4.31) vs. 3.06 (3.00 to 3.38),
p
< 0.001. Severe COVID-19 patients had a higher proportion of cases with current cognitive impairment and longitudinal cognitive decline than non-severe COVID-19 patients dementia: 25 (10.50 %) vs. 9 (0.69 %),
p
< 0.001; Mild cognitive impairment (MCI): 60 (25.21 %) vs. 63 (4.84 %),
p
< 0.001 and controls dementia: 25 (10.50 %) vs. 0 (0 %),
p
< 0.001; MCI: 60 (25.21 %) vs. 20 (4.29 %),
p
< 0.001). COVID-19 severity, delirium and COPD were risk factors of current cognitive impairment. Low education level, severe COVID-19, delirium, hypertension and COPD were risk factors of longitudinal cognitive decline.
Conclusions
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with an increased risk of long-term cognitive decline in elderly population. COVID-19 patients, especially severe patients, should be intensively monitored for post-infection cognitive decline.
This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and the length of hospital stay (LOS), as well as risk factors for prolonged LOS in a cohort of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients ...infected with the Omicron variant.
A total of 1166 COVID-19 patients discharged from the inpatient ward of the largest makeshift hospital (May 8-10, 2022) in Shanghai, China, were included. The demographics, medical history, and the lowest and admission cycle threshold (Ct) values of the RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 genes of the open reading frame 1ab (Ct-ORF) and the nucleocapsid protein (Ct-N) during hospitalization were recorded. Patients with LOS > 7 days, or LOS ≤ 7 days were included in the Prolonged group or the Control group, separately. The clinical characteristics and LOS of the participants in the two groups were described and compared. Multivariate Logistic and linear regression analyses were applied to explore the risk factors for prolonged LOS. The diagnostic efficacy of the lowest and admission Ct values for the Prolonged group was tested via the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
The median LOS was 6 days in the total study population. The age was older (45.52 ± 14.78 vs. 42.54 ± 15.30, P = 0.001), while both the lowest and admission Ct-ORF (27.68 ± 3.88 vs. 37.00 ± 4.62, P < 0.001; 30.48 ± 5.03 vs. 37.79 ± 3.81, P < 0.001) and Ct-N (25.79 ± 3.60 vs. 36.06 ± 5.39, P < 0.001; 28.71 ± 4.95 vs. 36.95 ± 4.59, P < 0.001) values were significantly lower in the Prolonged group. There were more mild cases in the Prolonged group (23.8% vs. 11.5%, P < 0.001). The symptom spectrum differed between the two groups. In multivariate analyses, age, disease category, and the lowest Ct-N values were shown to be associated with prolonged LOS. Besides, both the lowest and admission Ct-ORF (AUC = 0.911 and 0.873) and Ct-N (AUC = 0.912 and 0.874) showed robust diagnostic efficacy for prolonged LOS.
Our study firstly reports the clinical characteristics and risk factors for prolonged LOS during the wave of the Omicron epidemic in Shanghai, China. These findings provide evidence for the early identification of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients at a high risk of prolonged hospitalization who may require early intervention, and long-term monitoring and management.
In SAR ADC, the capacitance array is a very important unit, it will determine the conversion performance of the whole ADC. In normal semiconductor foundry, the matching precision of the linear ...capacitor is always about 10 bit, so it is not impossible to realize the 16-bit conversion precision in normal COMS foundry. This paper introduces a new design, for getting a smaller layout area, the main body frame of capacitor array uses the M+N+L bit sectional type; For getting the high matching precision performance, the lower bridging capacitor will be the normalized capacitor; For getting the high conversion precision, all the Upper-Bit in capacitance array will add a sub-calibrated capacitor array. So in this paper, it uses the circuit structure to realize the high precision capacitor array in 16-bit SAR ADC.
Background
The pandemic of COVID‐19 has a persistent impact on global health, yet its sequelae need to be addressed at a wide scale around the globe. This study aims to investigate the ...characteristics, prevalence, and risk factors for mid‐term (>6 months) clinical sequelae in a cohort of COVID‐19 survivors.
Methods
Totally 715 COVID‐19 survivors discharged before April 1, 2020, from three medical centers in Wuhan, China, were included. The longitudinal study was conducted by telephone interviews based on a questionnaire including the clinical sequelae of general, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. Demographics and some characteristics of clinical sequelae of the survivors were recorded and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the risk factors for the sequelae.
Results
The median time interval from discharge to telephone interview was 225.0 days. The COVID‐19 survivors' median ages were 69 years, and 51.3% were male. Among them, 29.9% had at least one clinical sequela. There were 19.2%, 22.7%, and 5.0% of the survivors reporting fatigue, respiratory symptoms, and cardiovascular symptoms, respectively. Comorbidities, disease severity, the application of mechanical ventilation and high‐flow oxygen therapy, and the history of re‐admission were associated with the presence of clinical sequelae.
Conclusions
Our study provides further evidence for the prevalence and characteristics of clinical sequelae of COVID‐19 survivors, suggesting long‐term monitoring and management is needed for their full recovery.
A Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody containing the single chain variable fragment of a humanized daclizumab antibody and the Fc fragment of a human IgG1 antibody was produced via recombinant expression in ...Pichia pastoris. The Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody forms a dimer in solution, and it specifically binds CD25-positive tumor cells and tumor tissues. For tumor imaging, the Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody was labeled with the 131I isotope and CF750 fluorescent dye, respectively. After intravenous injection of mice bearing CD25-positive tumor xenografts, tumor uptake of the 131I-Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody was visible at 1 h, and clear images were obtained at 5 h using SPECT/CT. After systemic administration of the CF750-Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody, tumor uptake was present as early as 1 h, and tumor xenografts could be kinetically imaged within 9 h after injection. These results indicate that the Dmab(scFv)-Fc antibody rapidly and specifically targets CD25-positive tumor cells, suggesting the potential of this antibody as an imaging agent for the diagnosis of lymphomatous-type ATLL.
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