Young people subject to immigration control frequently draw a link between their own subjective wellbeing and whether or not they have a projected sense of self within a clear future trajectory. ...Building on previous work by the authors, this article explores young people’s lived experiences of constructing futures while subject to immigration control as they transition to ‘adulthood’. More specifically, it examines how young people perceive and respond to time as a tactic of immigration control used in chronological age markers, time-limited legal statuses and bureaucratic process rhythms. It is argued that, in order to sustain a sense of moving forward, young people strive to counter such tactics of immigration control with tactics of their own. The article explores how young people describe working creatively to secure access to a range of often contested rights and entitlements in order to sustain the possibility of futures of their own making in Britain. It concludes by highlighting an overlooked divide between young people’s intentions and aims in securing their futures and the intentions of an immigration control system which arguably underestimates the power of some young people’s agency and determination.
Objective:
To analyse the production and use of health education films in Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia.
Design:
Review of community health education films and their use by three partner organisations.
...Methods:
A focused content analysis of 18 community health education films was conducted, and three exemplar films were selected for more detailed review. Interviews were carried out with four film production personnel and seven project workers using the films in health education projects in Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. Concepts drawn from the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and Anchored Instruction informed the study.
Findings:
The films, produced primarily for use across sub-Saharan Africa, mostly conveyed biological information and addressed behavioural issues related to maternal and child health topics. The predominantly low-literacy audiences reached by the projects may further benefit from localised content highlighting the social determinants of health through engaging narrative formats. While the health education projects provided some opportunities to discuss the films after screening, linked problem-solving activities could raise awareness of the multiple factors influencing health and help community members formulate holistic action plans.
Conclusion:
The film production company responded to emerging findings, noting that more context-specific films should be produced, with community members being more fully involved in planning, production and evaluation. Such an approach could generate more relevant content and engage audiences more effectively in problem-solving related to health and wellbeing.
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate how well a single higher education institution (HEI) was perceived to be meeting the psychosocial support needs of refugee students and to identify possible ...ways in which the HEI might better promote refugee students’ psychosocial well-being.
Design:
Adopting an exploratory, focused case study design, the research employed a qualitative interpretive approach utilising three data collection methods: narrative inquiry, Photovoice and key informant interviews. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university approach guided the enquiry and analysis.
Setting:
A single HEI in London, UK.
Results:
Refugee student-participants reported stressful and traumatic experiences at different points in their migratory experience. Participants were motivated by being involved in education but identified barriers to seeking institutional support to improve their health and well-being. Student-participants and staff identified ways in which support for refugee student well-being could be improved.
Conclusion:
Refugee students were found to have specific health and well-being support needs which were not met due to a range of organisational constraints. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university offer frameworks for HEIs to respond better to the diverse health and well-being needs of students.
Abstract Migrants’ remittances have often been understood to operate as a form of insurance for families, communities and countries of origin, increasing in times of downturn and disaster. But what ...happens when the same crisis hits both destination and origin countries simultaneously? During the Covid-19 pandemic, despite early expectations of a dramatic contraction, official recorded remittances were characterized as remarkably a ‘resilient’ financial flow. This article investigates the people and processes behind remittances through the crisis. Drawing on micro-level mixed-methods primary research in the UK, we investigate indications of community-level resilience in migrants’ remittance practices, highlighting that perceptions of rising needs abroad added fuel to people’s desire to remit, while diverse economic capacities also mediated remittance sending. Both a strong sense of meaning and connection, and the stresses of managing multiple needs at home and abroad, were apparent in diaspora accounts of sending remittances. While money ultimately continued to flow, through this as through many other crises, the discourse of remittance resilience risks eclipsing the major challenges navigated by migrant communities. The relevance to research and policy in the context of the contemporary cost-of-living crisis is explored.
The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme and HDV-like ribozymes are self-cleaving RNAs found throughout all kingdoms of life. These RNAs fold into a double-nested pseudoknot structure and cleave RNA, ...yielding 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate and 5′-hydroxyl termini. The active site nucleotide C75 has a pK a shifted >2 pH units toward neutrality and has been implicated as a general acid/base in the cleavage reaction. An active site Mg2+ ion that helps activate the 2′-hydroxyl for nucleophilic attack has been characterized biochemically; however, this ion has not been visualized in any previous structures. To create a snapshot of the ribozyme in a state poised for catalysis, we have crystallized and determined the structure of the HDV ribozyme bound to an inhibitor RNA containing a deoxynucleotide at the cleavage site. This structure includes the wild-type C75 nucleotide and Mg2+ ions, both of which are required for maximal ribozyme activity. This structure suggests that the position of C75 does not change during the cleavage reaction. A partially hydrated Mg2+ ion is also found within the active site where it interacts with a newly resolved G·U reverse wobble. Although the inhibitor exhibits crystallographic disorder, we modeled the ribozyme−substrate complex using the conformation of the inhibitor strand observed in the hammerhead ribozyme. This model suggests that the pro-R P oxygen of the scissile phosphate and the 2′-hydroxyl nucleophile are inner-sphere ligands to the active site Mg2+ ion. Thus, the HDV ribozyme may use a combination of metal ion Lewis acid and nucleobase general acid strategies to effect RNA cleavage.
Education in contexts affected by mass displacement is typified by political instability, the marginalization of refugee learners, and a lack of educational resources, including learning spaces, ...relevant curricular materials, and mechanisms for the accreditation of learning that takes place outside formal educational institutions. In these situations, teachers often become the students' most powerful and inspirational education resource. This paper stems from a qualitative study of how Syrian refugee and Lebanese teachers understand " future education" in the context of the protracted crisis in Lebanon. Drawing from Aronowitz and Giroux's (1993) concept of transformative intellectuals, we argue that transformative approaches to professional development can enable teachers to capitalize on their local knowledge, professional abilities, and creativity to create spaces in which learners feel they have greater control over their lives and can envision a better future. We propose a transformative model for teacher professional development that is based on the ideal learning space envisioned by teachers in a refugee context and on a critical understanding of their existing learning environments. The intention is to support teachers as they reshape the learning environments in which they work to bring them closer to their imagined ideal. The use of available digital technologies enabled these teachers to create spaces in which they could harness and share the transformative education practices already in place and facilitate change through massive open online collaborations.
Focussing on the psychosocial dimensions of poverty, the contention that shame lies at the ‘irreducible absolutist core’ of the idea of poverty is examined through qualitative research with adults ...and children experiencing poverty in diverse settings in seven countries: rural Uganda and India; urban China; Pakistan; South Korea and United Kingdom; and small town and urban Norway. Accounts of the lived experience of poverty were found to be very similar, despite massive disparities in material circumstances associated with locally defined poverty lines, suggesting that relative notions of poverty are an appropriate basis for international comparisons. Though socially and culturally nuanced, shame was found to be associated with poverty in each location, variably leading to pretence, withdrawal, self-loathing, ‘othering’, despair, depression, thoughts of suicide and generally to reductions in personal efficacy. While internally felt, poverty-related shame was equally imposed by the attitudes and behaviour of those not in poverty, framed by public discourse and influenced by the objectives and implementation of anti-poverty policy. The evidence appears to confirm the negative consequences of shame, implicates it as a factor in increasing the persistence of poverty and suggests important implications for the framing, design and delivery of anti-poverty policies.
Despite the increasing policy focus on integrated dementia care in the UK, little is known about the opportunities and challenges encountered by practitioners charged with implementing these policies ...on the ground. We undertook an extensive, mixed‐methods analysis of how a contemporary multidisciplinary dementia pathway in the UK was experienced and negotiated by service providers. Our pragmatic mixed methods design incorporated three types of research interaction with practitioners: (a) Semi‐structured interviews (n = 31) and focus group discussions (n = 4), (b) Practitioner ‘shadowing’ observations (n = 19), and (c) Service attendance and performance metrics reviews (n = 8). Through an abductive analysis of practitioner narratives and practice observations, we evidenced how inter‐practitioner prejudices, restrictive and competitive commissioning frameworks, barriers to effective data sharing and other resource constraints, all challenged integrative dementia care and led to unintended consequences such as practice overlap and failure to identify and respond to people's needs. In order to more successfully realise integrated dementia pathways, we propose innovative commissioning frameworks which purposefully seek to diffuse power imbalances, encourage inter‐provider respect and understanding, and determine clear lines of responsibility.
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