A large number of studies have examined the tracking of blood pressure (BP) from childhood to adulthood, but the reported findings are inconsistent and few systematic analyses have been conducted.
We ...conducted a systematic search of PubMed for studies that examined the tracking of BP from childhood to adulthood published between January 1970 and July 2006. From 301 retrieved papers, 50 cohort studies met our inclusion criteria and provided 617 data points (Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients) for systolic BP (SBP) and 547 data points for diastolic BP (DBP) for our meta-analysis. Information on sample characteristics and BP measurement protocols was extracted. Fisher z transformation and random-effects meta-regression analysis were conducted. The reported BP tracking correlation coefficients varied from -0.12 to 0.80 for SBP and from -0.16 to 0.70 for DBP, with an average of 0.38 for SBP and 0.28 for DBP. BP tracking varied significantly by baseline age and length of follow-up. The strength of BP tracking increased with baseline age by 0.012 for SBP (P<0.001) and 0.009 for DBP (P<0.001) and decreased with follow-up length by 0.008 for SBP (P<0.001) and 0.005 for DBP (P<0.001). BP tracking did not vary markedly across the number of BP measurements or race/population groups.
Data from diverse populations show that the evidence for BP tracking from childhood into adulthood is strong. Childhood BP is associated with BP in later life, and early intervention is important.
Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causes respiratory problems and multifaceted organ dysfunction. A crucial mechanism of COVID-19 ...immunopathy is the recruitment and activation of neutrophils at the infection site, which also predicts disease severity and poor outcomes. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), occurring during a regulated form of neutrophil cell death known as NETosis, is a key effector function that mediates harmful effects caused by neutrophils. Abundant NETosis and NET generation have been observed in the neutrophils of many COVID-19 patients, leading to unfavorable coagulopathy and immunothrombosis. Moreover, excessive NETosis and NET generation are now more widely recognized as mediators of additional pathophysiological abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this minireview, we introduce subtypes of NET-producing neutrophils (e.g., low-density granulocytes) and explain the biological importance of NETs and the protein cargos of NETs in COVID-19. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes NETosis by upregulating viral processes (e.g., viral entry and replication) as well as host pro-NET mechanisms (e.g., proinflammatory mediator release, platelet activation, and autoantibody production). Furthermore, we provide an update of the main findings of NETosis and NETs in immunothrombosis and other COVID-19-related disorders, such as aberrant immunity, neurological disorders, and post COVID-19 syndromes including lung fibrosis, neurological disorder, tumor progression, and deteriorated chronic illness. Finally, we address potential prospective COVID-19 treatment strategies that target dysregulated NETosis and NET formation
inhibition of NETosis and promotion of NET degradation, respectively.
Inspired by the biological neuromorphic system, which exhibits a high degree of connectivity to process huge amounts of information, photonic memory is expected to pave a way to overcome the von ...Neumann bottleneck for nonconventional computing. Here, a photonic flash memory based on all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) is demonstrated. The heterostructure formed between the CsPbBr3 QDs and semiconductor layer serves as a basis for optically programmable and electrically erasable characteristics of the memory device. Furthermore, synapse functions including short‐term plasticity, long‐term plasticity, and spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity are emulated at the device level. The photonic potentiation and electrical habituation are implemented and the synaptic weight exhibits multiple wavelength response from 365, 450, 520 to 660 nm. These results may locate the stage for further thrilling novel advances in perovskite‐based memories.
Photonic flash memory based on all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots is demonstrated. Synapse functions including short‐term plasticity, long‐term plasticity, spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity, as well as the photonic potentiation and electrical habituation are emulated at the device level. These results may locate the stage for further thrilling novel advances in perovskite‐based memories.
Abstract
In order to develop rural eco-tourism better, it is very important to establish a suitable evaluation index system of tourism resources. This study constructs an evaluation indicator system ...of rural ecotourism resources in Shanghai from three aspects: Resource values, ecological environment and development conditions, which includes 18 indexes. Using AHP to determine the weight, in the comprehensive level of evaluation, Resource values (B1)> Ecological environment(B2) > Development conditions(B3). Among the most important indicators are: Recreational value (C1), Pollution control capability (C8), Farming experience value (C7), Environmental hygiene (C9), Convenience of transportation (C14), Ecological value (C4) and Life experience value (C6). By using this evaluation model to grade the rural ecotourism resources in Shanghai through questionnaire survey, the result is that the rural ecotourism resources in Shanghai are quite good. With the development of the construction of the Beautiful Country, the value of rural eco-tourism resources in Shanghai has been continuously explored and the eco-environmental quality is assessed higher, which provides an important guarantee for the development of rural eco-tourism in Shanghai. In addition, cultural values and health value need to be tapped in depth, and efforts should be made to increase the publicity and communication among local residents in rural tourist destinations. While optimizing the construction of tourism facilities, we must constantly improve the level of service management, so as to improve the service quality of rural ecotourism.
Close relationships have been observed among impulsivity, depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation in depressed patients. However, the precise mechanism that connects these psychological ...symptoms remains unclear. This study aims to explore the mediation effect of depression and hopelessness on the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation in depressed patients.
A total of 258 depressed patients were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Scale for Suicide Ideation, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. A path analysis was afterwards performed to determine the specified relationships in the proposed model.
The relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation was found to be serially mediated by depression and hopelessness. The mediating effect of depression and hopelessness accounted for 26.59% of the total effect. Specifically, in the pathway from impulsivity to hopelessness, the mediating effect of depression accounted for 40.26%. Moreover, the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation was mediated by hopelessness, with the mediating effect accounting for 12.41%. It is important to note that these relationships were observed to be independent of age and marital status. Furthermore, the proposed model demonstrated a good fit with the data.
This study identified a serial mediation pathway between impulsivity and suicidal ideation, mediated by depression and hopelessness. Our findings indicate that impulsivity indirectly influences suicidal ideation through its association with depression, which subsequently contributes to feelings of hopelessness. These results emphasize the importance of addressing symptoms of depression and hopelessness in the prevention and intervention efforts targeting individuals with depression. Additionally, monitoring and addressing impulsivity levels may also be crucial in reducing the risk of suicidal ideation among this population. These findings provide valuable insights for future preventive programs and interventions aimed at mitigating suicidal ideation in individuals with depression.
Bioinspired artificial haptic neuron system has received much attention in the booming artificial intelligence industry for its broad range of high‐impact applications such as personal healthcare ...monitoring, electronic skins, and human–machine interfaces. An artificial haptic neuron system is designed by integrating a piezoresistive sensor and a Nafion‐based memristor for the first time in this paper. The piezoresistive sensor serves as a sensory receptor to transform mechanical stimuli into electric signals, and the Nafion‐based memristor serves as the synapse to further process the information. The pyramid‐structured sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity (6.7 × 107 kPa−1 in 1–5 kPa and 3.8 × 105 kPa−1 in 5–50 kPa) and durability (>7000 cycles), while the memristor realizes fundamental synaptic functions under low power consumption (10–200 pJ) and remains stable for over 104 consecutive tests. The integrated system can detect tactile stimuli encoded with temporal information, such as the count, frequency, duration and speed of the external force. As a proof‐of‐concept, English characters recognition with high accuracy can be achieved on the system under a supervised learning method. This work shows promising potential in bioinspired sensing systems owing to the high performance, excellent durability, and simple fabrication procedure.
An artificial haptic neuron system is designed by integrating a piezoresistive sensor and a Nafion‐based memristor for the first time. The pyramid‐structured sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity and durability, while the memristor realizes fundamental synaptic functions under low power consumption and remains stable for over 104 consecutive tests. The integrated system can detect tactile stimuli encoded with temporal information.
•Chronic treatment of EPA induces the recruitment of brown-like adipocytes in inguinal SV cell cultures.•EPA enhances mitochondrial function, glucose and fatty acid oxidation.•EPA increases lipid ...storage and decreases lipolysis in inguinal adipocyte.
In this study, we determined if eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) promotes beneficial metabolic activities of subcutaneous adipocytes. Stromal-vascular (SV) cells were isolated from inguinal adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice and induced to differentiate into adipocytes. EPA effect on thermogenic and mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism were assessed in inguinal adipocytes. When added to SV cell cultures during 8day differentiation, EPA significantly increased the expression of thermogenic genes UCP1-3, CIDEA and VEGFα. Moreover, EPA increased mitochondrial DNA content and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis including PGC1α, Nrf1 and COXiv. However, this effect was not perceived when EPA was added to mature inguinal adipocytes for 24h, suggesting that EPA exerts its browning effect via recruiting brite adipocytes. Consistently, long-term EPA treatment also upregulated AMPKα phosphorylation and CPT1 expression and increased glucose uptake and GLUT4 mRNA expression, suggesting improved mitochondrial oxidation. Additionally, EPA-treated adipocytes had enlarged lipid droplets and increased expression of triglyceride synthesis genes GPAT1 and GPAT3, while significantly decreased glycerol release and down-regulation of HSL and ATGL gene expression. We conclude that EPA enhances energy dissipation capacity by recruiting brite adipocytes to stimulate oxidative metabolism and reduces fatty acid release by facilitating fatty acid storage in subcutaneous adipocytes.
The in‐depth understanding of ions' generation and movement inside all‐inorganic perovskite quantum dots (CsPbBr3 QDs), which may lead to a paradigm to break through the conventional von Neumann ...bottleneck, is strictly limited. Here, it is shown that formation and annihilation of metal conductive filaments and Br− ion vacancy filaments driven by an external electric field and light irradiation can lead to pronounced resistive‐switching effects. Verified by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy as well as energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis, the resistive switching behavior of CsPbBr3 QD‐based photonic resistive random‐access memory (RRAM) is initiated by the electrochemical metallization and valance change. By coupling CsPbBr3 QD‐based RRAM with a p‐channel transistor, the novel application of an RRAM–gate field‐effect transistor presenting analogous functions of flash memory is further demonstrated. These results may accelerate the technological deployment of all‐inorganic perovskite QD‐based photonic resistive memory for successful logic application.
Resistive random‐access memory (RRAM) and RRAM‐functionalized field‐effect transistors (FETs) based on photon tunable CsPbBr3 quantum dots are demonstrated. The formation and annihilation of metal conductive filaments and bromine‐vacancy filaments in CsPbBr3 quantum dot arrays can be realized under an electric field and light irradiation. The devices exhibit multilevel data storage using light tuning, which may accelerate the technological deployment of all‐inorganic perovskite QD‐based photonic memory.
The purpose of this research was to explore the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairments in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who exhibit depressive symptoms. This was accomplished by ...recording Event-related potentials (ERPs) during the emotional Stroop task, with a specific focus on the temporal dynamics of attentional bias towards various emotional words.
We selected 17 CHD patients with depressive symptoms and 23 CHD patients without depression using a convenience sampling method from the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University. Each participant completed an emotional Stroop color-word task, and ERPs were recorded during the task to examine cognitive processing.
CHD patients with depressive symptoms exhibited generally smaller amplitudes of N1, N2, P3 and longer latency of P3 compared to CHD patients without depression. Specifically, the N1 amplitude of negative words was smaller and the P3 amplitude of negative words was larger in the CHD with depressive group compared to the CHD group. Furthermore, within the group of CHD patients with depressive symptoms, negative words elicited a smaller N1 amplitude and larger P3 amplitude compared to positive and neutral words.
CHD patients with depressive symptoms demonstrate decreased attentional resources, leading to cognitive impairments. Notably, significant attentional bias occurs during both early and later stages of cognitive processing. This bias is primarily characterized by an enhanced automatic processing of negative information at the early stage and difficulty disengaging from such information at the later stage. These findings contribute to the existing literature on the cognitive neural mechanisms underlying depression in CHD patients.
There is limited research on racial/ethnic variation in sleep disturbances. This study aimed to quantify the distributions of objectively measured sleep disordered breathing (SDB), short sleep ...duration, poor sleep quality, and self-reported sleep disturbances (e.g., insomnia) across racial/ethnic groups.
Cross-sectional study.
Six US communities.
Racially/ethnically diverse men and women aged 54-93 y in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Sleep Cohort (n = 2,230).
N/A.
Information from polysomnography-measured SDB, actigraphy-measured sleep duration and quality, and self-reported daytime sleepiness were obtained between 2010 and 2013. Overall, 15.0% of individuals had severe SDB (apnea-hypopnea index AHI ≥ 30); 30.9% short sleep duration (< 6 h); 6.5% poor sleep quality (sleep efficiency < 85%); and 13.9% had daytime sleepiness. Compared with Whites, Blacks had higher odds of sleep apnea syndrome (AHI ≥ 5 plus sleepiness) (sex-, age-, and study site-adjusted odds ratio OR = 1.78, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.20, 2.63), short sleep (OR = 4.95, 95% CI: 3.56, 6.90), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.48), and daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.38, 2.60). Hispanics and Chinese had higher odds of SDB and short sleep than Whites. Among non-obese individuals, Chinese had the highest odds of SDB compared to Whites. Only 7.4% to 16.2% of individuals with an AHI ≥ 15 reported a prior diagnosis of sleep apnea.
Sleep disturbances are prevalent among middle-aged and older adults, and vary by race/ethnicity, sex, and obesity status. The high prevalence of sleep disturbances and undiagnosed sleep apnea among racial/ethnic minorities may contribute to health disparities.
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