A facile adsorbent, a nanocomposite of Fe sub(3)O sub(4) and reduced graphene oxide, was fabricated for the selective separation and enrichment of synthetic aromatic azo colorants by magnetic ...solid-phase dispersion extraction. The nanocomposite was synthesized in a one-step reduction reaction and characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The colorants in beverages were quickly adsorbed onto the surface of the nanocomposite with strong pi - pi interactions between colorants and reduced graphene oxide, and separated with the assistance of an external magnetic field. Moreover, the four colorants in beverages were detected at different wavelengths by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. A linear dependence of peak area was obtained over 0.05-10 mu g/mL with the limits of detection of 10.02, 11.90, 10.41, 15.91 ng/mL for tartrazine, allure red, amaranth, and new coccine, respectively (signal to noise = 3). The recoveries for the spiked colorants were in the range of 88.95-95.89% with the relative standard deviation less than 2.66%. The results indicated that the nanocomposite of Fe sub(3)O sub(4) and reduced graphene oxide could be used as an excellent selective adsorbent for aromatic compounds and has potential applications in sample pretreatment.
While genetically modified upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties are ranked among the most successful genetically modified organisms (GMO), there is little knowledge on transgene ...integration in the cotton genome, partly because of the difficulty in obtaining large numbers of transgenic plants. In this study, we analyzed 139 independently derived T0 transgenic cotton plants transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 carrying a binary plasmid pPZP-GFP. It was found by PCR that as many as 31% of the plants had integration of vector backbone sequences. Of the 110 plants with good genomic Southern blot results, 37% had integration of a single T-DNA, 24% had two T-DNA copies and 39% had three or more copies. Multiple copies of the T-DNA existed either as repeats in complex loci or unlinked loci. Our further analysis of two T1 populations showed that segregants with a single T-DNA and no vector sequence could be obtained from T0 plants having multiple T-DNA copies and vector sequence. Out of the 57 T-DNA/T-DNA junctions cloned from complex loci, 27 had canonical T-DNA tandem repeats, the rest (30) had deletions to T-DNAs or had inclusion of vector sequences. Overlapping micro-homology was present for most of the T-DNA/T-DNA junctions (38/57). Right border (RB) ends of the T-DNA were precise while most left border (LB) ends (64%) had truncations to internal border sequences. Sequencing of collinear vector integration outside LB in 33 plants gave evidence that collinear vector sequence was determined in agrobacterium culture. Among the 130 plants with characterized flanking sequences, 12% had the transgene integrated into coding sequences, 12% into repetitive sequences, 7% into rDNAs. Interestingly, 7% had the transgene integrated into chloroplast derived sequences. Nucleotide sequence comparison of target sites in cotton genome before and after T-DNA integration revealed overlapping microhomology between target sites and the T-DNA (8/8), deletions to cotton genome in most cases studied (7/8) and some also had filler sequences (3/8). This information on T-DNA integration in cotton will facilitate functional genomic studies and further crop improvement.
The triorganotin 2-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylates, 2-PhC
2N
3CO
2SnR
3 (R
=
C
6H
5,
1;
c-C
6H
11,
2; C
6H
5C(CH
3)
2CH
2,
3), have been prepared and characterized by means of elemental ...analysis, IR and NMR (
1H,
13C and
119Sn) spectroscopy. The crystal structures of
1 and
3 have been determined. Compound
1 is polymeric in nature with a trigonal bipyramidal configuration, and compound
3 shows a tetrahedral geometry. Bioassay results have shown that these compounds have good antibacterial and antitumor activity. The activity against three human tumor cell lines (HeLa, CoLo205 and MCF-7) decreased in the order
1
>
2
>
3.
In this work, carbon-coated manganese silicate (MnSiO
/C) nanocomposite with excellent cycling stability was fabricated via a cost-effective process. The carbon coating followed with a CO
heat ...treatment process on the manganese silicate results in mixed-valent hierarchically-porous nanoparticles, which tightly connects with an ultrathin (∼1.5 nm) and ordered carbon coating layer. This composite features rectangular-like cyclic voltammetry curve with two couples of redox peaks, suppressing the irreversible reactions and thus providing a broad and stable working voltage. By fitting the CV curves, the MnSiO
/C demonstrates a capacitive energy-storage behavior. The as-assembled activated carbon//MnSiO
/C asymmetric supercapacitor in 1 M Na
SO
aqueous electrolyte is found to have excellent cycling stability, with 95.5% retention of initial after 10,000 cycles. This device could deliver 25.8 W h kg
energy density at the power density of 1 kW kg
with ∼10 mg cm
high mass loading, suggesting a bright prospect in practical application.
Fad24 is a novel gene involved in initiating adipogenesis. Most of the current information on fad24 is limited to mice, and the transcriptional regulation of fad24 remains unknown. Here we revealed ...that porcine fad24 encodes a protein structurally homologous to its human and rodent orthologs. Like its mouse counterpart, pig fad24 had positive effect on the adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Distinct fad24 expression patterns were observed during development of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous fat in pigs. The proximal promoter region of porcine fad24 was predicted to contain a number of transcription factor binding motifs related to both adipogenesis and myogenesis. Among them, a putative binding site for krüppel-like factor (KLF)-15 was chosen for further analysis because the role of KLF15 in early adipogenesis is unclear, although its expression in preadipocytes is up-regulated shortly after adipogenic induction. We demonstrated that expression of fad24 and klf15 is concomitantly up-regulated at the onset of adipogenesis in MSCs. Functional KLF15 significantly enhanced the promoter activity of fad24, whereas dominant negative KLF15 had no such effects. Transactivation of fad24 by KLF15 was further confirmed by site-directed mutation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Taken together, our findings provide additional information on fad24 that may contribute to understanding the molecular events involved in early adipocyte differentiation.
► Expression of porcine fad24 during fat and muscle development is determined. ► FAD24 promotes PPARγ and SREBP-1c transcription in MSCs undergoing adipogenesis. ► Proximal promoter of fad24 is isolated and analyzed for transcriptional activity. ► KLF15 transactivates promoter of fad24 at the early stage of adipogenesis.
In this work, a highly sensitive and selective biomimetic electrochemical sensor for the amperometric detection of trace dopamine (DA) in human serums was achieved by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) doped ...molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Functionalized AuNPs (F-AuNPs), a novel functional monomer bearing aniline moieties on the surface of the AuNPs, were prepared via a direct synthesis method and then used to fabricate the conductive MIPs film on the modified electrode by electropolymerization method in the presence of DA and p-aminobenzenethiol (p-ATP). The obtained electrochemical sensor based on the conductive film of AuNPs doped MIPs (AuNPs@MIPs) could effectively minimize the interferences caused by ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). The linear range for amperometric detection of DA was from 0.02μmolL−1 to 0.54μmolL−1 with the detection limit of 7.8nmolL−1 (S/N=3). Furthermore, the AuNPs@MIPs modified electrode (AuNPs@MIES) was successfully employed to detect trace DA in different human serums.
•Functionalized AuNPs were fabricated to prepare the AuNPs doped molecularly imprinted polymers.•The AuNPs doped molecularly imprinted polymers exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior.•The sensor was employed for the rapid, sensitive and selective determination of dopamine.
A model for simulating the response of monthly runoff from the mountainous watersheds to climatic changes is developed. The model is based on the modifications to the HBV runoff model, and therefore ...represents the characteristics and runofF generation processes of inland river basins in the arid area of northwest China. Talcing the mountainous watershed of an inland river, the Heihe River originating from the Qilian Mountains and running through the Hexi Corridor as an example, the monthly runoff changes under different climate scenarios are simulated. The simulation indicates that, during the years fmm 1994 to 2030, if the annual mean air temperature increases by 0.5°C, and precipitation keeps unchanged, then the runoff of May and October will increase because of the increase of the snow melt runoff, but the runoff of July and August will decrease to some extent because of the increase of evaporation, and as a result, the annual runoff will decrease by 4%. If the precipitation still keeps unchanged, and the air temperature increases by 1.0°C, in addition to the increase of runoff of May and June, the runoff of July and August will decrease in a larger amount, making the annual runoff decrease by 7.11%. If the air temperature keeps unchanged, the increase of annual precipitation by 10% will cause the increase of runoff by 5.27%; while the increase of precipitation by 20% will cause the increase of runoff by 12.35 %. When the air temperature increases by 0.5°C: and the precipitation increases by 10%, the mnoff will increase only by 1.62%.
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