Odontomas can cause impaction of permanent teeth. During the removal of odontomas associated with an impacted tooth, minimally-invasive surgical approaches are necessary. We present a technical note ...highlighting easy extraction of a deeply impacted odontoma using a patient-specific computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) surgical guide. Its use and advantages are described.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify the socioeconomic factors associated with the prevalence of periodontitis in Koreans.
Methods
Cross‐sectional data from 12 763 subjects, 15 years old ...and above, who underwent periodontal examinations were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (2007–209). Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate the association between socioeconomic indicators and prevalence of periodontitis.
Results
A significant association was found between increasing age and periodontitis. Participants with higher income were less likely to have periodontitis (aOR = 0.9 and 95% CI = 0.78–0.98, and aOR = 0.7 and 95% CI = 0.60–0.80 in the middle and highest quintiles of monthly household income, respectively). In addition, participants living in rural areas were less likely to have periodontitis (aOR = 0.9 and 95% CI = 0.81–0.99), and current smokers were more likely to have periodontitis (aOR = 1.7 and 95% CI = 1.49–1.89). The analysis of comorbidities revealed that individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) were significantly more likely to have periodontitis (aOR = 1.4 and 95% CI = 1.18–1.68).
Conclusions
In a rapidly increasing Korean population, the lower socioeconomic groups as well as individuals with DM were significantly more likely to present with periodontitis.
In Korea, there have been conversations about promoting the planning of walkable communities based on Chrono-Urbanism, a concept that is the foundation of the 15-minute city, in which residents can ...get services necessary for their daily life in the same place where they live. Chrono-Urbanism-based planning support assesses the walkability of services for various age groups based on the distance to reach physical activity centers such as walking and bicycling from small living area units, and places essential living infrastructure or urban amenities. Using Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G), we create a tool that supports the evaluation of walkability and the distribution of urban amenities while taking age groups, walking, bicycle, and public transportation accessibility into account. In conclusion, this tool can measure and distribute urban amenities based on walkability providing a way to create healthier, more equitable living areas. Implementing the tool to produce a range of alternatives will help planners to learn about desirable walkable urban amenity options from the alternatives.
Features such as optically dense cytoplasm, endo‐ectoplasmic demarcation, occasional intracytoplasmic vacuoles and round nuclei may make the identification of this rare variant of squamous cell ...carcinoma difficult to identify and to distinguish from epithelioid mesothelioma.
Background
Non‐invasive body sculpting procedures are becoming increasingly popular. High‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment is a non‐surgical fat reduction procedure that permanently ...destroys unwanted abdominal fat. Despite its increasing popularity, evaluation methods for the procedure have not yet been fully developed.
Aims
The objective of this study was to develop evaluation methods for HIFU for non‐surgical, permanent fat reduction in the anterior abdomen using a porcine model.
Methods
The abdomens of female pigs (Sus scrofa, n = 7) were treated with a HIFU device (SCIZER™, Classys Inc, Seoul, Korea). We examined treatment effects using photography, ultrasound, gross and microscopic pathology, and serum lipid and liver function level analysis, carbon tracer test, and histological examination in order to determine the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of the procedure.
Results
HIFU treatment effectively reduced abdominal fat in a porcine model; it accurately treated the target subcutaneous fat layer and the subcutaneous fat was reduced effectively via ultrasonic measurement after HIFU treatment. On histological staining (H&E, toluidine blue, oil red O and immunohistochemistry), we found that subcutaneous fat reduction occurred effectively via accurate treatment of the targeted subcutaneous fat layer. On hematological assay, there were changes within normal range, and values remained stable after 48 h. Via carbon tracer test, the migration of activated macrophages was identified within the axillary lymph node (LN). PPAR‐delta, a protein defined by immunohistochemistry staining, was overexpressed in the early stage on days 1 and 7, but a gradual decreasing pattern was confirmed.
Conclusion
We successfully used a HIFU device for body contouring and fat reduction in a pre‐clinical study. These results provide that the essential clues toward the effective evaluation, guiding selection of the appropriate diagnostic investigations.
Introduction
Hwa-Byung is a mental syndrome classified as a “cultural-related syndrome” which reflects the cultural characteristics of Korea in DSM-IV. Hwa-Byung is caused by anger, which is ...characterized by feelings of anger or resent about unreasonable social violence and trauma. Kwon et al (2008) had developed self-report measure to assess severity of Hwa-Byung but it has several limitations to use in current clinical settings. Therefore, we investigated opinions of experts who have professionality in giving treatment of Hwa-Byung patients in the clinical settings.
Objectives
The present study aimed to reach consent of oriental neuropsychiatrists’ opinions about the direction of revision of the Hwa-Byung scale.
Methods
The Delphi method is a survey method that induces people to freely present their opinions without face-to-face processes and reaches consent through continuous feedback of survey results while ensuring anonymity. The Consensus Panel consists of 16 experts who are Oriental neuropsychiatrists and have experience in diagnosing patients with Hwa-Byung. A total of four surveys were conducted as consensus was reached on the fourth round. Each questionnaire was distributed by mail to a panel of experts and was asked to submit a response after receiving the questionnaire.
Results
The results of the study are as follows. First, common factors for Hwa-Byung include anger, resent/blame, modify memory bias and attention bias for anger events. Second, characteristics of young Hwa-Byung patients include stress caused by social factors and excessive immersion in certain things such as drinking or smoking.
Conclusions
Therefore, when revising the Hwa-Byung scale, it would be necessary to include these factors.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
Hwa-Byung is characterized by feelings of anger or resent about unreasonable social violence and trauma. Although Prevalence of Hwa-Byung is high in middle-aged, recently Hwa-Byung is ...occurred in young people. And it is suggested that young Hwa-Byung patients will show different patterns from middle-aged.
Objectives
The purpose of present study was to qualitatively analyze young Hwa-Byung patients’ experiences of symptoms and psychological characteristics related to antecedent events of Hwa-Byung.
Methods
10 women aged 20s were Interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires to in-depth study on their experiences related to Hwa-Byung. The interview data were analyzed using phenomenological approach in order to understand the essence of experiences. In particular, it was analyzed through five steps according to Giorgi (1985). First, by repeatedly reading the material, recurring themes were identified. Second, the meaning units were divided to capture important parts of participants’ statements. Third, similar meaning units were grouped together. Fourth, the determined meaning units were described in psychological term. Finally, research data were integrated and presented according to the described meaning units. Reliability between coders was higher than the minimum reliability coefficient.
Results
In symptoms, two themes and seven sub-themes were emerged. In psychological characteristics, three components and five sub-themes were derived. In particular, the antecedent events of young Hwa-Byung patients were related to vertical social relationships, suggesting that Hwa-Byung need to be understood under social context which make them angry.
Conclusions
Present study revealed the social context of Hwa-Byung by discussing the differences between young and middle-aged patients, and furthermore, differences between Hwa-Byung and depression, PTSD patients.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
Introduction
Hwa-Byung is a cultural-related mental syndrome that reflects the cultural characteristics of Korean in DSM-IV. This syndrome is caused by anger or resentment towards unreasonable social ...violence and trauma.
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to revise and validate the ’Hwa-Byung scale’, which can be used to diagnose Hwa-Byung and evaluate the severity of its symptoms.
Methods
To begin with, the factors of the Hwa-Byung scale were set based on the previous studies. Additionally, the respective subfactors were generated by the semi-structured interviews with these patients. Based on these factors and previous studies, a 142-item pool was developed and verified by six Oriental Neuropsychiatrists. A pilot study was conducted on 50 patients with Hwa-Byung and the main study for the validation was conducted on 200 Hwa-Byung patients. Item analysis, internal consistency, and exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Lastly, this study analyzed the ROC curve to present the diagnostic cut-off score of the scale.
Results
As a result of analyzing the content validity of the item pool, we constructed a preliminary scale. We excluded the inadequate questions from the pilot study results. In the main study, The Hwa-Byung scale showed high internal consistency and its items were suitable for the factor structure. Finally, we suggest an optimal cut-off score of the symptoms sub-scale for screening Hwa-Byung.
Conclusions
Overall, the results of this study indicated the reliability and validity of the Hwa-Byung Scale. Based on these results, we discussed several values and limitations of this study and provided suggestions for further research.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
To develop and validate a radiomics-based model for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using baseline computed tomography (CT) images in patients with muscle-invasive bladder ...cancer (MIBC).
A radiomics signature for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) was developed using radiomics features selected by a random forest classifier on baseline CT images, and imaging predictors were identified in the training set (87 patients). By incorporating imaging predictors and radiomics signature, an imaging-based model was constructed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and validated in an independent validation set consisting of 48 patients with CT from outside institutions. The performance and clinical usefulness of the imaging-based model for predicting pCR were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis. Using a cut-off determined in the training set, the positive likelihood ratios of the imaging-based model were calculated and compared with imaging and histological predictors.
The radiomics signature was developed based on six stable radiomics features. An imaging-based model incorporating radiomics signature, tumour shape, tumour size, and clinical stage showed good performance for predicting pCR in both the training (AUC, 0.85; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.78–0.93) and validation (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60–0.86) sets, providing a larger net benefit in decision curve analysis. The imaging-based model showed a higher positive likelihood ratio (1.91) for pCR than imaging and histological predictors (1.33–1.63).
The radiomics-based model using baseline CT images may predict the response of patients with MIBC to NAC.
•Use of radiomics signature may predict pathologic complete response.•Radiomics-based model showed higher net benefit than no model use.•Radiomics-based model provides a tool for optimizing treatment plans.
