Las teorías de los movimientos sociales enfrentan hoy el reto de explicar una nueva modalidad de configuración, que rompe tanto con las lógicas de las sociedades industriales como con los llamados ..."nuevos movimientos sociales". El caso de los Chalecos Amarillos en Francia se inscribe en los llamados movimientos en red por su uso intensivo de las redes sociales. Se caracterizan también por su distancia de actores políticos tradicionales como partidos y sindicatos. Otra de sus peculiaridades es la de no admitir o no edificar liderazgos reconocidos por sus participantes. Asimismo, no es raro que estas movilizaciones convoquen al mismo tiempo a personas cuyas ideas pueden identificarse con la extrema derecha o la extrema izquierda o con ninguna de éstas, por lo que algunos las califican de "posideológicos". Estos movimientos en red suelen alejarse de un estilo de movilización que se considera "políticamente correcta" y, en ocasiones, justifican el uso de la violencia. Sus demandas suelen considerarse imprecisas y hasta contradictorias, pero constituyen movimientos que contribuyen al empoderamiento de sectores precarizados y marginados de las decisiones políticas y económicas y, al cuestionamiento de la hegemonía cultural de las clases superiores. El objetivo de este artículo es mirar el caso de los Chalecos Amarillos a la luz de estas nuevas formas de expresión de protesta social.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.)grain quality is a set of complex interrelated traits that include grain milling, appearance, cooking, and edible properties. As consumer preferences in Latin America and the ...Caribbean evolve, determining what traits best capture regional grain quality preferences is fundamental for breeding and cultivar release. In this study, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS), marker‐assisted selection (MAS), and genomic selection (GS) were evaluated to help guide the development of new breeding strategies for rice grain quality improvement. For this purpose, 284 rice lines representing over 20 yr of breeding in Latin America and the Caribbean were genotyped and phenotyped for 10 different traits including grain milling, appearance, cooking, and edible quality traits. Genetic correlations among the 10 traits ranged from −0.83 to 0.85. A GWAS identified 19 significant marker/trait combinations associated with eight grain quality traits. Four functional markers, three located in the Waxy and one in the starch synthase IIa genes, were significantly associated with six grain‐quality traits. These markers individually explained 51–75% of the phenotypic variance depending on the trait, clearly indicating their potential utility for MAS. Cross‐validation studies to evaluate predictive abilities of four different GS models for each of the 10 quality traits were conducted and predictive abilities ranged from 0.3 to 0.72. Overall, the machine learning model random forest had the highest predictive abilities and was especially effective for traits where large effect quantitative trait loci were identified. This study provides the foundation for deploying effective molecular breeding strategies for grain quality in Latin American rice breeding programs.
Core Ideas
Latin America rice germplasm exhibit complex genetic correlations among grain quality traits relevant for breeding.
Amylose‐content, gelatinization temperature, and setback are ideal targets for marker‐assisted selection in Latin America indica germplasm.
Random forest models displayed higher prediction abilities for oligogenic grain quality traits.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles with a homogeneous rod morphology were successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The powders were characterized using Fourier transform infrared ...spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial and dermal irritation analyses of the samples were performed and discussed. The use of cationic and anionic surfactants, namely, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), respectively, at a low concentration (2.5 mol%) modified the length/diameter (L/D) ratio of the HAp rods. Structural characterizations of hydroxyapatite synthesized without surfactant (HA), with 2.5 and 5 mol% of SDS (SDS− and SDS+, respectively), and with 2.5 and 5 mol% of CTAB (CTAB− and CTAB+, respectively) revealed well-crystallized samples in the hexagonal phase. The CTAB− sample presented antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus anginosus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, suggesting that antimicrobial susceptibility was promoted by the bacterial nature and the use of the surfactant. Dermal irritation showed no clinical signs of disease in rabbits during the study, where there was neither erythema nor necrosis at the inoculation sites.
Mexico has the second largest prevalence of obesity among adults worldwide, a condition especially affecting the low-income population. There is a pressing need to improve therapeutic options for ...weight loss. Phentermine is an old and low-cost agent given as an adjuvant therapy for obesity for a 12-week period, at an initial dose of 15 mg or 30 mg. However, there are no precise guidelines on the suitability of both the starting dose and the continuation of treatment for 6 months. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 3- and 6-month efficacy and safety of phentermine in obese Mexican patients to elucidate the aforementioned.
In this prospective, multi-center, open-label study, 932 obese adults received 15 mg or 30 mg phentermine once daily for 6 months.
30 mg phentermine was more effective than 15 mg phentermine in improving anthropometric variables in the 3-month follow-up, but not after completing the 6-month treatment period. Nearly 40% of 3-month non-responders reached a body weight reduction of at least 5% at 6 months. Conversely, ~ 65% and 25% of 3-month responders maintained or improved, respectively, their body weight reduction with long-term phentermine. Potential tolerance as weight regain was ~ 10% from 3 to 6 months. None of the doses increased cardiovascular risk, although mild-to-moderate adverse events were more frequent with 30 mg phentermine.
30 mg phentermine was more effective than 15 mg phentermine after 3 months, but not at 6 months of treatment. An important number of subjects could benefit following the therapy from 3 to 6 months.
To answer the question about which e-health and e-therapy applications are being used with people with intellectual disabilities, we searched the PsycINFO, Medline, PubMed, ERIC, CINAHL, Scopus, Web ...of Science, and Cochrane databases. This is an extensive search. Inclusion criteria were academic journals and any design type that addressed the topic of interest. Studies that do not include adults or elderly, and studies that do not focus on people with disabilities but on third parties, were excluded. After an initial selection of 515 articles, 32 full-text articles were subjected to in-depth analysis leading to the final selection of 18 articles. We used the AAID framework definition of intellectual disability to analyze the dimensions explored by the selected studies and found that the majority of studies focused on the use of technology as supports to instrumental activities of daily life. The ISO classification of assistive products allowed us to identify that many e-health products are aimed at providing psychological or medical treatment. In summary, this review suggests that there is a very small number of studies focusing on the use of technology by older persons with intellectual disabilities. The studies present substantial limitations regarding generalization and replication and pay little attention to the maintenance of cognitive abilities in this population. These aspects, together with premature aging generally associated with many conditions that lead to intellectual disability, underscore the need to pay more attention to and develop e-health interventions for cognitive stimulation for this group.
The presence of colonial and solitary ciliated peritrichous protozoa was determined in a Sequencing Batch Reactor system filled with tezontle, a volcanic rock, economic, and abundant material that ...can be found in some parts of the world, like Mexico. The presence of these protozoa was related to the removal efficiencies of organic matter. Also, two novel staining techniques are proposed for staining both colonial and solitary peritrichous protozoa. The results show that tezontle promotes the growth of solitary and colonial ciliated peritrichous protozoa, which, once identified, could be used as indicators of the efficiency of the wastewater treatment process. Additionally, the staining techniques established in the current study allowed the precise observation of protozoan nuclei. They can represent a useful complementary methodology for identifying protozoan species present in water treatment processes, along with the already existing identification techniques. The number and variety of protozoa found in the system may be considered potential bioindicators of water quality during biological treatments.
Tagosodes orizicolus (Muir) is the most important pest of rice in Latin America. Besides causing direct damage called hopperburn from feeding on and ovipositing in rice leaves, this insect pest also ...transmits rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV, Family Phenuiviridae, Genus Tenuivirus) in a persistent-propagative manner. This pathosystem can cause up to 100% yield loss in Latin American rice fields. T. orizicolus and RHBV symptoms were detected in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Florida rice fields in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1980s. However, neither has been detected in the United States since. Two outbreaks of T. orizicolus on ratoon rice occurred in the fall of 2015 and 2018 in counties southwest and south of Houston, TX. Insects were collected from ratoon rice fields by sweep net methods. Insects from the 2015 and 2018 outbreaks were tested individually and in pools of 10, respectively, for RHBV infection and the cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene from Delphacidae. No insects were positive for RHBV, however, all samples yielded amplicons for the CO1 gene. Furthermore, the CO1 gene from five 2015 individuals was sequenced and found to have a 100% identity to the Fer26_Argentina and 99.81% identity to the DEL074 Venezuela isolates of T. orizicolus. Five new sequences from 2015 individuals have now been deposited in GenBank. It is imperative to stay up to date on the potential invasion and establishment of this exotic pest of rice in Texas and other rice-growing regions of the United States through continued monitoring and research.
La importancia de este trabajo radica en identificar la formación y consolidación de la capacidad innovativa de las Pymes del cluster Innovatia en contextos territoriales específicos, caracterizando ...su nivel de desarrollo. El propósito del estudio es mostrar evidencia de la conformación del conglomerado mediante la forma en que las empresas operan, vinculan y construyen su capacidad innovativa en torno a los procesos de innovación. El estudio se caracteriza por ser transversal, diagnóstico-descriptivo y correlacional, realizado mediante un cuestionario estructurado escala Likert. Para el acopio de la información se utilizó la técnica de encuesta, en el cual se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario al sector empresarial. Las pruebas de correlación efectuadas sólo muestran la tendencia de los datos respecto a la forma en cómo se construye la capacidad innovativa; para conocer la validez de las variables dentro del modelo se procedió a un análisis factorial. Los resultados arrojan problemas para generar procesos de desarrollo local virtuosos, en base a perfiles de especialización productiva centrados en las demandas de los mercados globales y con impulso en innovaciones. Se recomienda la articulación de una oferta integral de servicios y estímulos de apoyo a la innovación, que consideren estrategias para cada sector empresarial.
La investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer estrategias de transformación digital para fortalecer el desempeño docente para establecer beneficios de su uso en los procesos educativos. La metodología ...aplicada se basó en el enfoque mixto; por el propósito el tipo de investigación fue aplicada, por el alcance descriptivo y explicativo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 312 miembros de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, incluidos docentes y estudiantes, la muestra se determinó por un muestro no probabilístico por conveniencia, en donde, se trabajó con 172 sujetos y los datos se recolectaron por medio de la encuesta. Los resultados de la investigación evidenciaron que la transformación digital y la revolución digital tienen un valor significativo y este es de 0.000 < 0.05, lo que determina que la transformación digital se relaciona significativamente con el desempeño docente. Se concluye que las estrategias transformación digital a través del uso de tecnologías como el internet, los recursos y los avances tecnológicos en la era digital facilitan los procesos de aprendizajes, haciéndolos más activos y al relacionarse significativamente con el desempeño del docente beneficiando los procesos educativos con la mejora el flujo de información.
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