Resumo Esta revisão sistemática buscou analisar os estudos sobre a autorregulação da aprendizagem (ARA) da matemática no ensino superior. Os métodos aplicados foram baseados na recomendação PRISMA. ...As bases de dados pesquisadas foram Scielo, ScienceDirect, Scopus e Web of Science, e os critérios de elegibilidade foram definidos a partir dos elementos população (estudantes do ensino superior), contexto (matemática) e conceito (ARA), sem restrição quanto ao período e idioma de publicação. Foram incluídos 28 estudos, de 2008 a 2021, dos quais quase a metade foi realizada nos Estados Unidos. Doze estudos realizaram intervenções com o objetivo de promover a ARA dos estudantes, e seus resultados apoiam a eficácia das intervenções na promoção da ARA da matemática no ensino superior. As demais pesquisas, de forma geral, procuraram analisar, no âmbito da ARA da matemática, os efeitos dos fatores motivacionais e emocionais, das estratégias de aprendizagem e da administração do estudo. Os resultados apontam que os fatores motivacionais, em especial a autoeficácia, são bons preditores para o desempenho acadêmico. Os estudos sobre a ARA no contexto específico da matemática no ensino superior estão em crescimento e ainda há muito a ser explorado, principalmente no Brasil. As limitações e as sugestões para pesquisas futuras são discutidas ao final da revisão.
Abstract This systematic review sought to analyze studies on self-regulated learning (SRL) in Higher Education Mathematics. The applied methods were based on the PRISMA recommendation. The searched databases were Scielo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science, and the eligibility criteria were defined from the elements of the population (higher education students), context (mathematics), and concept (SRL) without restriction as to period and language of the publications. Twenty-eight studies from 2008 to 2021 were included, almost half conducted in the United States. Twelve studies conducted interventions aimed at promoting students' SRL. The results support the effectiveness of interventions in promoting mathematics SRL in higher education. The remaining research, in general, sought to examine the effects of motivational and emotional factors, learning strategies, and study management on mathematics SRL. The results point out that motivational factors, especially self-efficacy, are good predictors of academic performance. Studies on SRL in the specific context of mathematics in higher education are growing, and there is still much to be explored, especially in Brazil. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed at the end of the review.
Background
Acetaminophen (ACT) has been studied in septic patients with detectable plasmatic levels of cell-free hemoglobin (Hb), where it demonstrated to inhibit the hemoprotein-mediated lipid ...peroxidation and oxidative injury, with a potential of beneficial effect on the endothelium. On the basis of this background, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sublingual microcirculation and the peripheral tissue perfusion before-and-after administration of ACT on clinical judgment in a cohort of febrile septic and septic shock patients.
Methods
Prospective observational study. 50 adult septic and septic shocks treated with ACT for pyrexia, where the sublingual microcirculation and the peripheral tissue perfusion with Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and vascular occlusion test (VOT) were evaluated before ACT (t0), after 30 min (t1) and after 2 h (t2). Cell-free Hb and the markers of oxidative stress and endothelial damage were measured at t0 and t2.
Results
The study showed a significant increase of the density of the perfused small and total vessels of the sublingual microcirculation 30 min after the infusion of ACT; it also showed an increase of the Microvascular Flow Index (MFI) and a decrease in the heterogeneity of the flow.
At a peripheral muscular level, we found an acceleration in the reperfusion curve after VOT at t1, expression of a higher reactivity of the microvasculature.
Conclusions
ACT infusion did not show a clear correlation with cell-free Hb; however, it exhibited protective effect toward the microcirculation that was evident in particular in septic patients. This correlation merits further exploration.
Pharmacogenetics could represent a further resource to understand the interindividual heterogeneity of response of the host to sepsis and to provide a personalized approach to the critical care ...patient.
Secondary analysis of data from the prospective observational study NCT02750163, in 50 adult septic and septic shock patients treated with Acetaminophen (ACT) for pyrexia. We investigated the presence of two polymorphisms, located respectively in the genes UGT1A1 and CYP3A5, that encode for proteins related to the hepatic metabolism of ACT. The main dependent variables explored were plasmatic concentration of ACT, body temperature and hepatic parameters.
8% of the patients carried CYP3A5 rs776746 A/G genotypes and showed significantly higher plasma levels of ACT than GG wild type patients, and than patients with UGT1A1 rs8330 C/G genotypes.
Identifying specific genotypes of response to ACT may be helpful to guide a more personalized titration of therapy in sepsis and septic shock. CYP3A5 might be a good biomarker for ACT metabolism; however further studies are needed to confirm this result.
NCT02750163.
The coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of millions of people worldwide: in most of cases children and young people developed asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic clinical pictures. ...However authors have showed that there are some categories of childhood more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection such as newborns or children with comorbidities. We report for the first time to the best of our knowledge about microvascular dysfunction in three pediatric clinical cases who developed COVID-19 infections with need of pediatric critical care. We found that sublingual microcirculation is altered in children with severe COVID-19 infection.
Our findings confirmed most of data already observed by other authors in adult population affected by severe COVID-19 infection, but with distinct characteristics than microcirculation alterations previous observed in a clinical case of MIS-C.
However we cannot establish direct correlation between microcirculation analysis and clinical or laboratory parameters in our series, by our experience we have found that sublingual microcirculation analysis allow clinicians to report directly about microcirculation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and it could be a valuable bedside technique to monitor thrombosis complication in this population.
Cloud computing proposes a paradigm shift where resources and services are allocated, provisioned, and accessed at runtime and on demand. New business opportunities emerge for service providers and ...their customers, at a price of an increased uncertainty on how their data are managed and their applications operate once stored/deployed in the cloud. This scenario calls for assurance solutions that formally assess the working of the cloud and its services/processes. Current assurance techniques increasingly rely on model-based verification, but fall short to provide sound checks on the validity and correctness of their assessment over time. The approach in this paper aims to close this gap catching unexpected behaviors emerging when a verified service is deployed in the target cloud. We focus on certification-based assurance techniques, which provide customers with verifiable and formal evidence on the behavior of cloud services/processes. We present a trustworthy cloud certification scheme based on the continuous verification of model correctness against real and synthetic service execution traces, according to time, probability, and configuration constraints, and attack flows. We test the effectiveness of our approach in a real scenario involving ATOS SA eHealth application deployed on top of open source IaaS OpenStack.
Uso do book creator na abordagem de problemas de otimização Semensato, Michel Teston; Pilatti, Luiz Alberto; Silva, Francini Damiani e ...
Revista Brasileira de Educação em Ciências e Educação Matemática,
10/2023, Volume:
7, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Este relato descreve uma experiência realizada no curso de Agronomia da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, que se concentrou na implementação de uma tarefa utilizando o aplicativo Book Creator ...para abordar o conteúdo de derivadas, por meio de problemas de otimização, na disciplina de Matemática para Agronomia. A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar o nível de motivação inicial dos alunos com o nível de motivação após a realização da tarefa utilizando o aplicativo. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a utilização da tecnologia digital no processo de ensino e aprendizagem teve um impacto positivo nos níveis de motivação dos alunos. Houve um aumento de 35,8% na motivação em relação à disciplina e de 57,35% em relação ao conteúdo estudado. Esse aumento na motivação e engajamento dos alunos em relação ao conteúdo abordado pode contribuir para melhorar o desempenho acadêmico, reduzindo os índices de reprovação e evasão na disciplina estudada.
Process mining is an emerging discipline that aims to analyze business processes using event data logged by IT systems. In process mining, the focus is on how to effectively and efficiently predict ...the next process/trace to be activated among all the possible processes/traces that are available in the process schema (usually modeled as a graph). Most of the existing process mining techniques assume that there is a one-to-one mapping between process model activities and the events that are recorded during process execution. However, event logs and process model activities are at different level of granularity. In this paper, we present a machine-learning-based approach to map low-level event logs to high-level activities. With this work, we can bridge the abstraction levels when the high-level labels of the low-level events are not available. The proposed approach consists of two main phases: automatic labeling and machine-learning-based classification. In automatic labeling, a modified
k
-prototypes clustering approach has been used in order to obtain the labeled examples. Then, in the second phase, we trained different ML classifiers using the obtained labeled examples. Since, in real-life applications and systems, business processes are expressed according to the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) format, we improve our proposed framework by means of an innovative, flexible BPMN model translation methodology that acts at the first phase. We demonstrate the applicability of our proposed framework using two case studies with real-world event logs, and provide its experimental assessment and analysis.
This paper addresses the problem of edge restoration in digital images. Taking advantage of an ensemble approach, multiple type-1 fuzzy filters are combined to reach a decision. The fuzzy logic ...concept for linguistic variables and possibility theory is discussed with regard to knowledge representation and inference procedures. To improve conventional deinterlacing issues, we adopt type-1 fuzzy set concepts to design a weight-measuring approach. We demonstrate that the fuzzy ensemble approach model is well suited to image processing and provide case studies in the video-deinterlacing field. In our proposed method, five fuzzy membership functions (MFs) of linguistic variable-based fuzzy logic filters are derived from the type-1 (a.k.a. ordinary or primary) fuzzy MF. The weight-measuring process of our proposed model is used to assign weights to six candidate deinterlaced pixels (CDPs) that are interpolated according to edge direction. The use of a different MF for each direction allows the filter to characterize each pixel variation influence independently, according to its direction. The weights from all MFs are multiplied with the CDPs. The results of the empirical trials clearly show that the proposed system can successfully deal with several image types containing motion or detail elements.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid modulator of inflammation that has diverse physiological and pathological functions. Previously, we demonstrated that PAF has an essential ...role in ultraviolet (UV)-induced immunosuppression and reduces the repair of damaged DNA, suggesting that UV-induced PAF is contributing to skin cancer initiation by inducing immune suppression and also affecting a proper DNA damage response. The exact role of PAF in modulating cell proliferation, differentiation or transformation is unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism(s) by which PAF affects the cell cycle and impairs early DNA damage response. PAF arrests proliferation in transformed and nontransformed human mast cells by reducing the expression of cyclin-B1 and promoting the expression of p21. PAF-treated cells show a dose-dependent cell cycle arrest mainly at G2-M, and a decrease in the DNA damage response elements MCPH1/BRIT-1 and ataxia telangiectasia and rad related (ATR). In addition, PAF disrupts the localization of p-ataxia telangiectasia mutated (p-ATM), and phosphorylated-ataxia telangiectasia and rad related (p-ATR) at the site of DNA damage. Whereas the potent effect on cell cycle arrest may imply a tumor suppressor activity for PAF, the impairment of proper DNA damage response might implicate PAF as a tumor promoter. The outcome of these diverse effects may be dependent on specific cues in the microenvironment.
Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main constituent of
Nigella sativa essential oil which shows promising
in vitro and
in vivo antineoplastic growth inhibition against various tumor cell lines. Because of the ...increasing interest to test it in pre-clinical and clinical researches for assessing its health benefits, we here evaluate the interactions between TQ and human serum albumin (HSA), a possible carrier of this drug
in vivo. Binding to HSA was studied using different spectroscopic techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies suggest that the association between TQ and HSA does not affect the secondary structure of HSA. Using fluorescence spectroscopy, one mole of TQ was found to bind one mole of HSA with a binding constant of 2.39 ± 0.2 10
4
M
−1. At 25
°C (pH 7.4), van’t Hoff’s enthalpy and entropy that accompany the binding were found to be −10.24
kJ/mol
−1 and 45
J/mol
−1K
−1 respectively. The thermodynamic analysis of the TQ-HSA complex formation shows that the binding process is enthalpy driven and spontaneous, and that hydrophobic interactions are the predominant intermolecular forces stabilizing the complex. Furthermore, displacement experiments using warfarin and ibuprofen indicate that TQ could bind to site I of HSA, which is also in agreement with the results of the molecular modeling study.
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