Purpose
Intensified treatment for distal rectal cancer has improved oncological outcome, but at the expense of more perineal wound complications in patients undergoing an abdominoperineal resection ...(APR). The aim of this study was to analyse perineal wound healing after APR with primary perineal wound closure over time.
Method
All patients undergoing APR for primary rectal cancer with primary wound closure between 2000 and 2013 were included and analysed in three consecutive time periods. Both early (<30 days postoperatively) and late perineal wound complications were determined. Independent risk factors of early perineal wound complications were identified using multivariable analysis.
Results
A total of 136 patients were identified, of whom 129 patients underwent primary perineal wound closure. The use of neo-adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy increased from 72 to 91 %, and the use of an extralevator approach increased from 9 to 19 %. The rate of early perineal wound complications increased from 18 to 31 % and was independently associated with an extralevator approach odds ratio (OR) 3.17; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.16–8.66 and intra-operative perforation (OR 3.35; 95 % CI 1.06–10.57). Perineal wound complications had no impact on local recurrence or 3-year overall survival rate. During a median follow-up of 28 months interquartile range (IQR) 14–56, a persistent presacral sinus was diagnosed in 10 %, and a perineal hernia occurred in 8 % of the patients.
Conclusion
The increased use of an extralevator APR for rectal cancer significantly increased the risk of perineal wound complications over time. Intra-operative perforation was also independently associated with impaired perineal wound healing.
The main objective of this work was to study how the
k
0
-standardisation method of neutron activation analysis performs when applied to Moroccan medicinal plant samples. Irradiation was carried out ...at the Moroccan Triga Mark II research reactor at CNESTEN. Standard references material from NIST and WEPAL were used for internal quality control, mainly to ensure accuracy and precision measurement. More than twenty elements were determined in eight medicinal plants analysed. Mg, K, Ca, Cl, Na were observed as major in high concentrations while rare earth elements and toxic elements were found as traces elements. The results obtained in this study allowed these plants to be classified according to their composition of trace elements, macro-elements, rare earth elements and toxic elements.
We investigate a tight-binding quantum walk on a graph. Repeated stroboscopic measurements of the position of the particle yield a measured "trajectory," and a combination of classical and quantum ...mechanical properties for the walk are observed. We explore the effects of the measurements on the spreading of the packet on a one-dimensional line, showing that except for the Zeno limit, the system converges to Gaussian statistics similarly to a classical random walk. A large deviation analysis and an Edgeworth expansion yield quantum corrections to this normal behavior. We then explore the first passage time to a target state using a generating function method, yielding properties like the quantization of the mean first return time. In particular, we study the effects of certain sampling rates that cause remarkable changes in the behavior in the system, such as divergence of the mean detection time in finite systems and decomposition of the phase space into mutually exclusive regions, an effect that mimics ergodicity breaking, whose origin here is the destructive interference in quantum mechanics. For a quantum walk on a line, we show that in our system the first detection probability decays classically like (time)^{-3/2}. This is dramatically different compared to local measurements, which yield a decay rate of (time)^{-3}, indicating that the exponents of the first passage time depend on the type of measurements used.
This study investigates the concentrations and accumulation levels of rare earth elements (REEs) in soil samples collected from gold-mining sites in Sudan in order to study the distribution of REEs ...and discuss their concentrations around the gold mining areas in Sudan. The presence of REEs was determined through the neutron activation analysis technique. Irradiations have been carried out using the pneumatic tube system (PTS) and rotary specimen rack (RSR) facilities of the Moroccan TRIGA Mark II research reactor. Measurements were made using a well-calibrated HP-Ge detector for energy and efficiency, while SRM–NIST 2586 was used as a reference material to ensure the quality of the obtained results.
The aim of this work was the characterization of the neutron flux parameters in two irradiation facilities; pneumatic tube system (PTS) and rotary specimen rack (RSR); at the Moroccan Triga Marck II ...research reactor using
k
0
-IAEA and KayWin softwares. The analysis of several combinations of flux monitor sets is the basis for this study. The efficiency calibrations of the detector used have been carried out using the
k
0
-IAEA software and then exported to the KayWin software for the determination of the
f
(thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio) and
α
(deviation from the 1/
E
distribution) parameters.
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To improve the irradiation accuracy in hadron therapy, a lot of studies are in the evaluation uncluding how to integrate MRI and PET at the treatment of cancer patients. These two future techniques ...will offer simultaneously the monitoring of the beam during the irradiation. In this study and for the first time, we calculated the dose distribution in a head volume for several carbon ion energies and at different values of the magnetic field
B
using fluka MC code. Afterwards, either longitudinal or radial dose deflection was simulated with and without
B
. Basically, the
Z
axis is entered by the beam and the radial deflections mean the ones corresponded to the X axis which has the same direction of
B
. The maximum longitudinal deviation of bragg pick depth was 0.672 mm at 200 MeV and the maximum radial deflection was almost 4.23 cm at 100 MeV. Both of them are in the presence of
B
= 1.5 T. Our results are in a good agreement with previous experimental results (a maximum relative error founded of 2.08%). The results of this study will offer the monitoring of the dose deposition with good accuracy in the presence of a magnetic field in carbon ion therapy.
This work reports the Uranyl (UO22+) extraction from water by the Triton X-100 / Tween-40 / D2EHPA / BMIMMeSO4 by two aqueous phases or cloud point extraction (CPE). The procedure has been developed ...to extract uranium (VI) using a mixture of non-ionic surfactants: Triton X-100 and Tween-40 in different contexts, and a mixture of lipophilic chelating extracting agent D2EHPA/ BMIMMeSO4. Several parameters such as the concentrations of Triton X-100, Tween-40, and uranium (VI) metal ions, temperature, solution pH have been studied by the 33 factorial design method, in order to find the optimum conditions for uranium (VI) extraction. The optimal extraction of uranium (VI) by micelle-mediated extraction (CPE) procedure was obtained for pH= 3.0, Na2SO4 (% w/w) = 9.0 and UO22+ = 5.50 mM. This system has research value and application in wastewater treatment.
Early detection of peritoneal metastases (PM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) is difficult and treatment options at a clinically overt stage are limited. Potentially, adjuvant laparoscopic hyperthermic ...intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is of value. The aim of this study was to present long term oncological outcomes of a pilot study on adjuvant HIPEC to reduce development of PMCRC, with systematic review of literature.
Long term oncological outcomes of ten patients who underwent laparoscopic HIPEC within eight weeks after resection of primary CRC in the pilot study were retrospectively collected. A systematic search of literature was performed on studies describing the use of HIPEC in patients with CRC at high risk of developing PM.
The median follow-up was 54 months (range 49-63). All patients were alive at the last follow-up moment and none of them had developed PM. Two patients had developed pulmonary metastases. Systematic review revealed five small cohort studies, including two matched comparisons. Peritoneal recurrences were found in 0% to 9% after adjuvant HIPEC, which was 28% and 43% in the two control groups, respectively. Disease free and overall survival were significantly higher in favour of HIPEC.
Long term follow-up of ten patients included in a pilot study on adjuvant HIPEC revealed no peritoneal recurrences. This result is in line with other published pilot studies, a promising observation. However, the outcomes of the Dutch randomized COLOPEC trial and similar trials worldwide should be awaited for definitive conclusions on the effectiveness of adjuvant HIPEC.
Diphosphonium-intercalated montmorillonites were prepared via ion exchange using para, meta and ortho-bis(triphenyl phosphonium methylene)-benzene-dichloride (p-, m- and o-TPhPMB) in quantities not ...exceeding the cation exchange capacity. Adsorption tests applied to Telon dyes (Red, blue and orange) revealed a significant increase of the maximum adsorption capacity from ca. 11-26 to 110-160
mg.g-1 after intercalation. This improvement was explained by an increased organophilic character towards the organic dyes investigated. The highest adsorption level was noticed for Telon-orange dye on the para-diphosphonium organo-Mt, presumably due higher interlayer space and better diffusion. Dye adsorption turned out to strongly depend on pH, and low pH was found to increase the amount of adsorbed dyestuff. The dye adsorption was exothermal, and obeyed preferably pseudo first-order model for all three dyestuffs, but the process kinetics appeared to change over time. The adsorption isotherms were discussed in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich models.
► Montmorillonite intercalation by diphosphonium ions promotes Telon dye adsorption. ► Acidic pHs favor dye adsorption, but induce also slight dealumination. ► Dealumination enhances dye adsorption by generating new terminal MtOH
2
+ sites. ► Telon-orange adsorbs ca. two times faster than Blue and Red Telon-dyes. ► Telon dye adsorption is an exothermal adsorption.
The extraction of terbium (III) from aqueous nitrate solutions with a supported liquid membrane was investigated using a mixture of di-(2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and tri-octyl phosphine ...oxide (TOPO) with a molar ratio 1/0.4. The mixture was dissolved in diethyl ether which served as a carrier. The hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was used as a solid support. SEM images and FTIR spectra showed that the PVDF membrane was modified after impregnation. The sorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics. 8.29 mg.g-1 was extracted using a supported liquid membrane (SLM). The mixture D2EHPA / TOPO (1/0.4) presented a synergistic effect. The influence of the ionic strength, stirring rate, extraction time, and the interactions between them on the extraction yield of terbium (III) ions was investigated using the factorial designs. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to show the relative importance of the extraction process parameters. Student's t-test to the results of the factorial plane 33, with 30 runs for terbium (III) extraction, showed that the stirring rate in the studied ranges was statistically important. The amount of Tb (III) extracted after 12 cycles was 73.624 mg.g-1.
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