By applying panel data obtained for 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2019, in this paper, we employ the spatial Durbin model to estimate the spatial spillover effects of air ...pollution on housing prices among neighboring cities. The empirical estimations show that, first, housing prices and PM2.5 concentrations present a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation, implying that significant spatial agglomeration exists among the studied cities. Then, regarding the spatial heterogeneity of air pollution's capitalization effects, we found that air pollution shows a significantly positive relationship with local house prices in large cities and a negative relationship with local house prices in small and medium-sized cities. Additionally, air pollution exerts significantly negative impacts on housing prices in western China but shows no significance in the eastern or central regions. In addition, air pollution exhibits negative capitalization effects on housing values in northern and southern China, and the magnitude of the estimated coefficient in the southern region is smaller than that in the northern region. These findings are robust to an alternating spatial matrix and the explanatory indicators. Our empirical results can help the government develop recommendations for environmental governance and household location choice in China.
•Demonstrating the relationship between air pollution and housing prices using panel data of 285 Chinese cities.•Exploring the spatiotemporal evolution of housing prices in Chinese cities.•Employing the spatial Durbin model to analyze the spatial spillover effects of air pollution on housing values.•Exploring the heterogeneity of air pollution's capitalization impacts regarding urban sizes and different regions.
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death driven by lipid‐based reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. However, the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation are ...still largely unknown. Here we identified a novel miRNA, miR‐9, as an important regulator of ferroptosis by directly targeting GOT1 in melanoma cells. Overexpression of miR‐9 suppressed GOT1 by directly binding to its 3′‐UTR, which subsequently reduced erastin‐ and RSL3‐induced ferroptosis. Conversely, suppression of miR‐9 increased the sensitivity of melanoma cells to erastin and RSL3. Importantly, anti‐miR‐9 mediated lipid ROS accumulation and ferroptotic cell death could be abrogated by inhibiting glutaminolysis process. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that miR‐9 regulates ferroptosis by targeting GOT1 in melanoma cells, illustrating the important role of miRNA in ferroptosis.
Background
Monitoring public confidence and hesitancy is crucial for the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Social media listening (infoveillance) can not only monitor public attitudes on COVID-19 vaccines ...but also assess the dissemination of and public engagement with these opinions.
Objective
This study aims to assess global hesitancy, confidence, and public engagement toward COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods
We collected posts mentioning the COVID-19 vaccine between June and July 2020 on Twitter from New York (United States), London (United Kingdom), Mumbai (India), and Sao Paulo (Brazil), and Sina Weibo posts from Beijing (China). In total, we manually coded 12,886 posts from the five global metropolises with high COVID-19 burdens, and after assessment, 7032 posts were included in the analysis. We manually double-coded these posts using a coding framework developed according to the World Health Organization’s Confidence, Complacency, and Convenience model of vaccine hesitancy, and conducted engagement analysis to investigate public communication about COVID-19 vaccines on social media.
Results
Among social media users, 36.4% (571/1568) in New York, 51.3% (738/1440) in London, 67.3% (144/214) in Sao Paulo, 69.8% (726/1040) in Mumbai, and 76.8% (2128/2770) in Beijing indicated that they intended to accept a COVID-19 vaccination. With a high perceived risk of getting COVID-19, more tweeters in New York and London expressed a lack of confidence in vaccine safety, distrust in governments and experts, and widespread misinformation or rumors. Tweeters from Mumbai, Sao Paulo, and Beijing worried more about vaccine production and supply, whereas tweeters from New York and London had more concerns about vaccine distribution and inequity. Negative tweets expressing lack of vaccine confidence and misinformation or rumors had more followers and attracted more public engagement online.
Conclusions
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is prevalent worldwide, and negative tweets attract higher engagement on social media. It is urgent to develop an effective vaccine campaign that boosts public confidence and addresses hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccine rollouts.
Crabs are an indispensable component of the benthic ecosystem and represent a type of seafood that is easily obtained and frequently eaten by humans. However, little is known about microplastic (MP) ...accumulation in different tissues of crabs in important fishing areas. In this study, the abundances and characteristics of MPs in different tissues of four species of wild crabs (Portunus trituberculatus, Charybdis japonica, Dorippe japonica, and Matuta planipes) were investigated across 9 sites at three important fishing grounds (Haizhou Bay, Lvsi and Yangtze River Estuary fishing grounds) in China. Crabs from all sites were found to contain MPs, with a total detection rate of 89.34%. The MP abundance in crabs from all sites ranged from 2.00 ± 2.00 to 9.81 ± 8.08 items/individual and 0.80 ± 1.09 to 22.71 ± 24.56 items/g wet weight. The abundance of MPs exponentially increased with decreasing MP size. The MPs were dominated by fibers in terms of shape, black-gray and blue-green in terms of color and cellophane in terms of composition. MPs were found in the gills and guts of the crabs, but not in the muscles. The abundance and size of the MPs in the guts were significantly higher than those in the gills, but there was no significant difference in color or shape. In addition, crab eating patterns have a significant impact on the abundance of MPs in different species. The abundance of MPs in the saprophytic crabs was significantly higher than that in the predatory crabs. MP contamination in crabs is worthy of attention for human health and the stability of marine ecosystems.
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•Microplastics were found in the guts and gills of crabs, but not in the muscles.•The abundance and size of the MPs in the guts were significantly higher than those in the gills.•Eating pattern plays an important role in the accumulation of MP by crabs.
Although China has eliminated absolute poverty, the effects of sickness still pose a threat to the prospect of returning to poverty in western rural areas. However, poverty governance extends beyond ...solving absolute poverty, and should enhance the family's ability to resist risks, proactively identify the existence of risks, and facilitate preventive measures to reduce the probability of falling into poverty again. This study aimed to assess the health poverty vulnerability of rural households in western China and decompose its determinants.
Based on survey data from 2022, the three-stage feasible generalized least squares method was used to calculate the health poverty vulnerability index. Then, Anderson's health behavior theory model was extended to analyse various influencing factors using binary logistic regression, and the contribution of each influencing factor was decomposed using the Shapley index. Finally, Tobit regression and the censored least absolute deviations estimation (clad) method were used to test the model's robustness.
A total of 5455 families in the rural Ningxia region of western China were included in the study. The health poverty vulnerability index of the sample population in 2022 was 0.3000 ± 0.2223, and families with vulnerability ≥0.5 accounted for 16.9% of the sample population. From the Anderson behavioral model, the three models including propensity, enabling, and demand factors had the best fit, and the AIC and BIC values were the smallest. The Shapley decomposition showed that the dimensions of the propensity factor, number of residents, age and educational level of the household head, and dependency ratio were the most important factors influencing vulnerability to health poverty. Tobit regression and the clad method proved the reliability of the constructed model through a robustness test.
Rural areas still face the risk of becoming poor or falling into poverty owing to residents' health problems. Health poverty alleviation should gradually change from a focus on treatment to prevention, and formulate a set of accurate and efficient intervention policies from a forward-looking perspective to consolidate the results of health poverty alleviation and prevent widescale poverty return.
The critical challenges of using electromembrane processes e.g., electrodialysis and flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) to recycle resources (e.g., water, salts, and organic compounds) ...from wastewater are the fractionation of dissolved ionic matter, the removal/recovery of organic components during desalination, and membrane antifouling. This study realized the simultaneous fractionation, desalination, and dye removal/recovery (FDR) treatment of dye/salt mixtures through a simple but effective approach, that is, using a carbon cloth-modified FCDI (CC-FCDI) unit, in which the carbon cloth layer was attached to the surface of each ion-exchange membrane (IEM). The IEMs and carbon-based flow-electrodes were responsible for the fractionation and desalination of dye and salt ions, while the carbon cloth layers contributed to the active membrane antifouling and dye removal/recovery by the electrosorption mechanism. Attributed to such features, the CC-FCDI unit accomplished the effective FDR treatment of dye/salt mixtures with wide ranges of salt and dye concentrations (5–20 g L–1 NaCl and 200–800 ppm methylene blue) and different dye components (cationic and anionic dyes) under various applied voltages (1.2–3.2 V). Moreover, the active membrane antifouling by virtue of the carbon cloth facilitated the excellent and sustainable FDR performance of CC-FCDI. The removal/recovery of dyes from the carbon cloth strongly depends on the characteristics of dye molecules, the surface properties of the carbon cloth, and the local pH at the IEM/CC interfaces. This study sheds light on the strategies of using multifunctional layer-modified FCDI units to reclaim resources from various high-salinity organic wastewater.
•MXene nanosheets were calcinated at different temperature.•Different contents of TiN were doped on the calcinated MXene sheets.•The TiN/MXene/TiO2 ternary hybrid showed excellent photocathodic ...property for the 304 SS.•LSPR and photothermal effect of TiN helps to improve electrons transferring efficiency.
A ternary composite was prepared by calcinating Ti3C2 MXene at different temperature, and then doping different contents of TiN nanoparticles on the calcinated MXene sheets. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. UV–visible spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of the composites. The results demonstrated that the calcinated MXene at temperature 450 °C had the best photocatalytic activity for the methylene blue under UV-light illumination compared with the other temperatures, due to existence of proper amounts of anatase and rutile TiO2 and intimate contact with MXene. After doping 4 wt% TiN, the absorption peak of the ternary composite in the visible light range further shifts redly, and the energy bandgap decreases compared with the calcinated MXene. The ternary composite photoanode coupled with 304 stainless steel (304 SS) exhibited certain photocathodic protection effect with its potential shifting negatively compared to natural corrosion potential of the 304 SS under simulated solar light illumination. Besides, protection without illumination is also demonstrated because of its lower potential than that of the 304 SS. The enhanced photocathodic protection performance of the ternary composite photoanode are attributed to the intimate contact of MXene and TiO2, as well as the ‘hot’ electrons and photothermal effect of the TiN due to localized surface plasmonic resonance effect, accelerating the electrons migration from TiO2 to Ti3C2.
Currently, diabetic infectious wound treatments remain a significant challenge for regenerative medicine due to the unicity of clinical dressings, which lack systemic multifunctional wound dressings ...with high absorbability, customizable shape, rapid self‐healing, guiding tissue regeneration, and restoring physiological functions. Here, a multifunctional DNA hydrogel is conveniently obtained through grafting DNA units and polyethyleneimine dynamic cross‐linking and doped heating function black phosphorus quantum dots. The obtained DNA hydrogel features excellent exudate absorption performance, adjustable heating ability, mechanical behavior, self‐healing ability, writability, tissue adhesion, and antibacterial properties. The incorporation of procyanidin B2 (OPC B2) endows the DNA hydrogels with renowned scavenging free radicals and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the DNA hydrogel dressing can promote the transformation of macrophages from pro‐inflammatory M1 into repairing M2 phenotype, keeping the wound in a stable remodeled state. Astonishingly, the DNA hydrogel dressing can activate neurons to transform into a repair state, accelerating skin nerve regeneration and angiogenesis. Beyond that, it can recruit myeloid cells to activate the adaptive immune response, enhancing the ability of DNA hydrogel dressing to promote tissue regeneration, thereby promoting hair follicle and hair regeneration. Therefore, this advanced collaborative strategy provides an effective method for cascade management of clinical guided tissue regeneration.
The multi‐functional DNA hydrogel features excellent exudate absorption performance, adjustable heating ability, mechanical behavior, self‐healing ability, writability, tissue adhesion, and antibacterial properties. In addition, the DNA dressing promotes the transformation of macrophages from pro‐inflammatory M1 into repairing M2 phenotype and recruits myeloid cells to activate adaptive immunity by cascade management to promote tissue regeneration.
A quaternary composite of Ti3C2/TiO2/TiN/polyaniline was synthesized by doping TiN nanoparticles on the calcined Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets, and then polyaniline was deposited through chemical oxidation. ...The bandgap and flat band potential of composite were determined by X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. In order to prepare photoanode and photocathodic protective coating, the quaternary composite was added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and epoxy resin to. Photoelectrochemical results indicated that photoanode and relevant photocathodic protective coating had similar photocurrent with about 5 μA cm−2, but open circuit potential of the photocathodic protective coating was more negative than that of photoanode. The Rct of photoanode with illumination was 5.5 kΩ, while that of photocathodic coating was 136 kΩ. The 304 stainless steel could be well protected by the photoanode and photocathodic protective coating whether illumination or not, due to synergistic effect of local surface plasmonic resonance of TiN, “electron pool” of polyaniline and non-interfacial contact of TiO2 and MXene. Moreover, the epoxy resin in the photocathodic coating could act as a kind of physical barrier in the dark environment. Additionally, results of long-term protection test indicated that the photocathodic protective coating under intermittent illumination had better protection property than that of the coating without illumination.
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