Several bandwise total variation (TV) regularized low-rank (LR)-based models have been proposed to remove mixed noise in hyperspectral images (HSIs). These methods convert high-dimensional HSI data ...into 2-D data based on LR matrix factorization. This strategy introduces the loss of useful multiway structure information. Moreover, these bandwise TV-based methods exploit the spatial information in a separate manner. To cope with these problems, we propose a spatial-spectral TV regularized LR tensor factorization (SSTV-LRTF) method to remove mixed noise in HSIs. From one aspect, the hyperspectral data are assumed to lie in an LR tensor, which can exploit the inherent tensorial structure of hyperspectral data. The LRTF-based method can effectively separate the LR clean image from sparse noise. From another aspect, HSIs are assumed to be piecewisely smooth in the spatial domain. The TV regularization is effective in preserving the spatial piecewise smoothness and removing Gaussian noise. These facts inspire the integration of the LRTF with TV regularization. To address the limitations of bandwise TV, we use the SSTV regularization to simultaneously consider local spatial structure and spectral correlation of neighboring bands. Both simulated and real data experiments demonstrate that the proposed SSTV-LRTF method achieves superior performance for HSI mixed-noise removal, as compared to the state-of-the-art TV regularized and LR-based methods.
This paper studies the hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising problem under the assumption that the signal is low in rank. In this paper, a mixture of Gaussian noise and sparse noise is considered. The ...sparse noise includes stripes, impulse noise, and dead pixels. The denoising task is formulated as a low-rank tensor recovery (LRTR) problem from Gaussian noise and sparse noise. Traditional low-rank tensor decomposition methods are generally NP-hard to compute. Besides, these tensor decomposition based methods are sensitive to sparse noise. In contrast, the proposed LRTR method can preserve the global structure of HSIs and simultaneously remove Gaussian noise and sparse noise.The proposed method is based on a new tensor singular value decomposition and tensor nuclear norm. The NP-hard tensor recovery task is well accomplished by polynomial time algorithms. The convergence of the algorithm and the parameter settings are also described in detail. Preliminary numerical experiments have demonstrated that the proposed method is effective for low-rank tensor recovery from Gaussian noise and sparse noise. Experimental results also show that the proposed LRTR method outperforms other denoising algorithms on real corrupted hyperspectral data.
•A phoxonic crystal which simultaneously exhibit the topological states of sound and light.•The single and double Dirac cones could be respectively degenerated by different impedance ratio.•The ...topological spin-dependent edge states of sound are induced.•The topologically valley spin state of the TM mode is excited.•The edge state of the TE mode is realized.•A platform to design the topological optomechanical devices.
In this paper, we designed a phoxonic crystal (PxC) which simultaneously exhibit the topological states of sound and light. By modulating the impedance ratio between the cylinder scatterers and the matrix in a honeycomb lattice, we found that the inevitable Dirac cones and the accidental double Dirac cone of the phononic mode could be respectively degenerated at the corner and center of the Brillouin zone (BZ). For the photonic mode, we can find that the transverse-magnetic (TM) bands degenerate to Dirac cones at the corner of the BZ and the transverse-electric (TE) bands degenerate to a position-varying Dirac cone along the M-Γ line of the BZ. When the point group symmetry of the PxC is reduced from C6v to C3v, the double Dirac cone of the phononic mode is lifted and the topological pseudospin-dependent edge states of sound are induced when we construct a ribbon-shaped supercell with zigzag interface. Under the same operation, the topological valley spin state of the TM mode is excited and the edge state of the TE mode is also realized at the same time. Based on the all full-wave simulations, we simultaneously observed the topologically protected edge propagations of sound and light along the interfaces of two PxCs with the distinct topological phases. Our PxC provides a platform to design the topological optomechanical devices.
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The extraction of a valuable set of features and the design of a discriminative classifier are crucial for target recognition in SAR image. Although various features and classifiers have been ...proposed over the years, target recognition under extended operating conditions (EOCs) is still a challenging problem, e.g., target with configuration variation, different capture orientations, and articulation. To address these problems, this paper presents a new strategy for target recognition. We first propose a low-dimensional representation model via incorporating multi-manifold regularization term into the low-rank matrix factorization framework. Two rules, pairwise similarity and local linearity, are employed for constructing multiple manifold regularization. By alternately optimizing the matrix factorization and manifold selection, the feature representation model can not only acquire the optimal low-rank approximation of original samples, but also capture the intrinsic manifold structure information. Then, to take full advantage of the local structure property of features and further improve the discriminative ability, local sparse representation is proposed for classification. Finally, extensive experiments on moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) database demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, including target recognition under EOCs, as well as the capability of small training size.
In this study,
9407 showed a strong antibacterial activity against
and 61.7% biocontrol efficacy on melon seedlings 4 days post inoculation under greenhouse conditions. To understand the biocontrol ...mechanism of
9407, identify the primary antibacterial compound and determine its role in controlling bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), a
deletion mutant (Δ
) was constructed. The Δ
which was deficient in production of surfactin, not only showed almost no ability to inhibit growth of
but also decreased biofilm formation and reduced swarming motility. Colonization assay demonstrated that
9407 could conlonize on melon roots and leaves in a large population, while Δ
showed a four- to ten-fold reduction in colonization of melon roots and leaves. Furthermore, a biocontrol assay showed that Δ
lost the biocontrol efficacy. In summary, our results indicated that surfactin, which consists of C13- to C16-surfactin A was the primary antibacterial compound of
9407, and it played a major role in biofilm formation, swarming motility, colonization and suppressing BFB. We propose that the biocontrol activity of
9407 is the results of the coordinated action of surfactin-mediated antibacterial activity and colonization. This study reveals for the first time that the use of a
strain as a potential biological control agent could efficiently control BFB by producing surfactin.
Magnesium/sulfur battery (Mg/S) has recently received wide attention due to its high theoretical energy density (3,260 Wh/L) and low cost. To further improve its safety and flexibility, developing a ...polymer electrolyte that can be compatible with both electrophilic S and Mg is critical. Here, we report a magnesium chloride-(fluorinated tetraethylene glycolic)borate (MgCl-FTGB) based non-nucleophilic, gel-type polymer electrolyte for Mg/S battery via a facile synthetic method through commercially available reagents. This electrolyte coupled with glass fiber allows reversible Mg deposition/dissolution (100% coulombic efficiency) with low polarization (500 µA/cm
2
, 300/300 mV), and shows a wide electrochemical window of 4.8 V (vs. Mg/Mg
2+
). Mg/S battery assembled with this electrolyte can cycle over 50 times with a high specific discharge capacity retention of over 1,100 mAh/g.
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) is chief plant parasitic nematode of various crops globally. Meanwhile, the negative side effects on human health and environmental concerns associated with ...haphazard uses of chemical nematicides. Hence, the search for a safe and effective approach is more relevant. The present study was aimed to evaluate the nematicidal potential of Snef1216 (Penicillium chrysogenum) against M. incognita at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and with the nutritious medium. The egg hatching inhibition and mortality of second stage juveniles of M. incognita were assessed after 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h exposure. Results revealed that egg hatching inhibition and percent mortality of M. incognita increased with increasing concentration and exposure time. The highest mortality of juveniles was recorded at 100% conc. i.e., 24.20%, 36%, 66%, 78% and 97.8% at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The highest ovicidal activity was recorded at 100% concentration with 5.20% of eggs hatching. The outcome suggested that Snef1216 (P. chrysogenum) resulted in the lowest LC
value was recorded as 3718.496 at 6 h exposure period followed by 10479.87, 11186.682, 14838.58 and 24001.430 at 72, 12, 48 and 24 h respectively via ovicidal assay. Whereas, in the larvicidal assay, the lowest LC
value demonstrated at 72 h being 17.628% exposure period followed by 28.345, 50.490, 215.710 and 482.595% at 48, 24, 12 and 6 h respectively. It is concluded that Snef1216 has potential being used as a biocontrol agent against M. incognita and can serve as a source of a novel nematicidal agent of fungal origin.
An acute and drastic inflammatory response characterized by the production of inflammatory mediators is followed by stroke, including SAH. Overactivation of microglia parallels an excessive ...inflammatory response and worsened brain damage. Previous studies indicate that TSG-6 has potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TSG-6 in modulating immune reaction and microglial phenotype shift after experimental SAH.
The SAH model was established by endovascular puncture method for Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 280-320 g). Recombinant human protein and specific siRNAs for TSG-6 were exploited in vivo. Brain injury was assessed by neurologic scores, brain water content, and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. Microglia phenotypic status was evaluated and determined by Western immunoblotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence labeling.
SAH induced significant inflammation, and M1-dominated microglia polarization increased expression of TSG-6 and neurological dysfunction in rats. rh-TSG-6 significantly ameliorated brain injury, decreased proinflammatory mediators, and skewed microglia towards a more anti-inflammatory property 24-h after SAH. While knockdown of TSG-6 further induced detrimental effects of microglia accompanied with more neurological deficits, the anti-inflammation effects of rh-TSG-6 were associated with microglia phenotypic shift by regulating the level of SOCS3/STAT3 axis.
TSG-6 exerted neuroprotection against SAH-induced EBI in rats, mediated in part by skewing the balance of microglial response towards a protective phenotype, thereby preventing excessive tissue damage and improving functional outcomes. Our findings revealed the role of TSG-6 in modulating microglial response partially involved in the SOCS3/STAT3 pathway and TSG-6 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of brain injury following SAH.
Abstract
Nontrivial band topologies have been discovered in classical systems and hold great potential for device applications. Unlike photons, sound has fundamentally different dynamics and ...symmetries in fluids and solids, represented as scalar and vector fields, respectively. So far, searches for topological phononic materials have only concerned sound in either fluids or solids alone, overlooking their intricate interactions in “mixtures”. Here, we report an approach for topological phononics employing such unique interplay, and demonstrate the realization of type-II nodal rings, elusive in phononics, in a simple three-dimensional phononic crystal. Type-II nodal rings, as line degeneracies in momentum space with exotic properties from strong tilting, are directly observed through ultrasonic near-field scanning. Strongly tilted drumhead surface states, the hallmark phenomena, are also experimentally demonstrated. This phononic approach opens a door to explore topological physics in classical systems, which is easy to implement that can be used for designing high-performance acoustic devices.
Two formulae were developed to express sublimation enthalpy and Young’s modulus on a thermodynamic basis. The first formula reveals how the sublimation enthalpy is correlated with the thermal ...expansion coefficient and heat capacity of solids, whereas the second formula relates the Young’s modulus with sublimation enthalpy and equilibrium interatomic (intermolecular) distance. While the formulae themselves divulge the physical nature of the macroscopic properties such as sublimation enthalpy, coefficient of thermal expansion and Young’s modulus, these two formulae provide alternative ways to quantitatively estimate thermodynamic or mechanical properties of great importance in the development of new materials. Built upon these formulae, the effective connection among mechanical, thermodynamic properties along with the microscopic feature, the interatomic potential, was found fairly useful in the areas such as medicinal designing, environmental research, evaluation of the contamination in specific, and the development of lithium ion batteries, superconducting and even architectural materials, wherein either thermodynamic or mechanical properties or both are imperative.
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