In the cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum L.), there is a complexity of pests that appear systematically, thus significantly reducing crop yield; and their population fluctuation is strongly influenced ...by meteorological conditions that result in a greater or lesser density of these insects. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the population fluctuation of insect pests with sucking feeding behavior in an area with and without irrigation in the cotton plant under second-harvest conditions. The experiment was developed at the State University of Maringá - Campus of Umuarama. In the experimental area, grid meshes of 10 × 10 m were demarcated, forming plots of 100 m², resulting in a total of 64 points in the irrigated area and 42 points in the non-irrigated area. The sampling points were demarcated in the center of each grid where three randomly selected plants were sampled. Samplings were carried out weekly, from 37 to 122 days after the emergence (DAE) of cotton, examining the aerial part of the plant, to observe the presence of aphids (Aphis gossypii), thrips (Frankliniella schultzei), and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The non-irrigated area provided the highest population peaks of whiteflies and thrips. On the other hand, the irrigated area had a higher incidence of aphids. However, with the increase in the population of ladybugs, the incidence of pests reduced significantly, showing the efficiency and importance of the control carried out by natural predators.
Psacalium decompositum, commonly known as "Matarique," is a medicinal plant used in Mexico for diabetes mellitus empirical therapy. Previous studies have shown that the fructooligosaccharides (FOS) ...present in the roots of this plant exhibit a notable hypoglycemic effect in animal models; this effect might be associated with the attenuation of the inflammatory process and other metabolic disorders. In this study, we examined the effects of FOS fraction administration in a fructose-fed rat model for obesity. Phytochemical chromatographic studies (high performance thin layer chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance) were performed to verify isolation of FOS. 24 male Wistar rats were maintained for 12 weeks on a diet of 20% HFCS in drinking water and chow. Glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and liver transaminases levels were measured monthly, after administering FOS fraction intragastrically (150 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks), while the levels of inflammatory cytokines were only quantified at the end of the treatments. Rats treated with FOS fraction decreased body weight, cholesterol, triglycerides, and significantly reduced IL-6, IFN-γ, MCP-1, IL-1β and VEGF levels (p < 0.05). These results suggest that P. decompositum has anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic properties that might be used as an alternative treatment for the control of obesity.
The objective of this study was to evaluate toxicogenetic potential of surface water samples from rivers of center-west Brazil and analyze the influence of land use and cover and physicochemical ...parameters in genetic damage. Samples were collected during winter (June) and summer (November) at sampling sites from Dourados and Brilhante Rivers (Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil). The toxicogenetic variables, including chromosomal alterations, micronuclei, and mitotic index, were analyzed in meristematic cells of
Allium cepa
; and micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and DNA strand breaks (arbitrary units, AU
T
) were analyzed in erythrocytes of
Astyanax lacustris.
The rivers presented physicochemical values outside the Brazilian laws, which can be a characteristic of human pollution (domestic sewage and local agriculture). The results of
A. cepa
test suggest that the water samples from Dourados and Brilhante rivers exerted significant (
p
< 0.05) cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, in both periods of collection, especially alterations in mitotic index. In blood cells of
A. lacustris
, genotoxic effect of the water samples from the rivers also was observed as significant nuclear abnormalities, DNA breaks (UA
T
), in both sampling periods, compared with the negative control. Spearman correlation analyses revealed that data of land use and cover and physicochemical parameters were statistically correlated with DNA damages in bioassays. This study demonstrates toxicogenetic potential of water samples from Dourados and Brilhante rivers; furthermore, the type of land use and land cover and physicochemical parameters were revealed to have influence on toxicogenetic damage.
Recent studies have suggested that therapies with stem cells and amniotic membrane can modulate the inflammation following an ischemic injury in the heart. This study evaluated the effects of ...bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) and acellular human amniotic membrane (AHAM) on cardiac function and NLRP3 complex in a rat model of heart failure.On the 30th day,the echocardiographic showed improvements on ejection fraction and decreased pathological ventricular remodeling on BMMC and AHAM groups.Oxidative stress analysis was similar between the three groups,and the NLRP3 inflammasome activity were not decreased with the therapeutic use of both BMMC and AHAM,in comparison to the control group.
Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for ...construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products.
Some studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is increased in patients with renal-cell carcinoma (RCC). Brazil is considered a low prevalence area ...for HCV (1.38%). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HCV infection in patients with RCC.
A cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection was carried out. Patients more than 18 years old with a histopathologic diagnosis of RCC and who underwent HCV serology were included. Sociodemographic, pathologic, and clinical characteristics were evaluated at the time of patient admission. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed using means accompanied by their respective standard deviations for the continuous variables, and absolute number and frequency for the categorical variables. Comparisons between means were performed by analysis of variance. A chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of categorical variables. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
The prevalence of HCV infection was 4.1% (95% confidence interval, 1.7-8.3). No significant differences in age, sex, ethnicity, schooling, and alcohol or tobacco consumption among HCV- and HCV-negative patients with RCC were observed.
A 3-fold higher prevalence of HCV infection was identified among patients with RCC than in the general Brazilian population. Further studies are required to confirm these data.
We reviewed the records of 842 patients with renal cancer. We observed in this population a prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection (4.1%) 3 times higher than in the overall Brazilian population (1.38%).
Abstract
Background
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and primary dysmenorrhoea are debilitating conditions that can impair the quality of life of affected women. These conditions are frequently neglected, ...delaying proper diagnosis and healthcare provision. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CPP and primary dysmenorrhoea in Ecuador and identify potential variables associated with their occurrence.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in an urban neighbourhood of Quito, the capital of Ecuador. A total of 2397 participants of 14–49 years of age were included. The data were collected through questionnaires administered by trained interviewers.The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using a log-binomial regression model. The correlation between pain intensity catastrophising of symptoms were statistically analysed.
Results
The prevalence of CPP and primary dysmenorrhoea was 9.8% and 8.9%, respectively. Irritative urinary symptoms, primary dysmenorrhoea, and underlying mental disorders were associated with CPP, while smoking, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep disturbance, dyspareunia, and mental disorders were associated with primary dysmenorrhoea.
Conclusions
The prevalence of CPP and primary dysmenorrhoea in Ecuador was similar to that in other Latin American countries. Primary dysmenorrhoea is a risk factor of CPP, and less than a quarter of women are undergoing treatment for the condition. Our findings reinforce the importance of healthcare interventions in anticipating the diagnosis of these conditions in women of reproductive age.
The Big Data phenomenon has driven a revolution in data and has provided competitive advantages in business and science domains through data analysis. By Big Data, we mean the large volumes of ...information generated at high speeds from various information sources, including social networks, sensors for multiple devices, and satellites. One of the main problems in real applications is the extraction of accurate information from large volumes of unstructured data in the streaming process. Here, we extract information from data obtained from the GLONASS satellite navigation system. The knowledge acquired in the discovery of geolocation of an object has been essential to the satellite systems. However, many of these findings have suffered changes as error vocalizations and many data. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) combines several existing navigation and geospatial positioning systems, including the Global Positioning System, GLONASS, and Galileo. We focus on GLONASS because it has a constellation with 31 satellites. Our research’s difficulties are: (a) to handle the amount of data that GLONASS produces efficiently and (b) to accelerate data pipeline with parallelization and dynamic access to data because these have only structured one part. This work’s main contribution is the Streaming of GNSS Data from the GLONASS Satellite Navigation System for GNSS data processing and dynamic management of meta-data. We achieve a three-fold improvement in performance when the program is running with 8 and 10 threads.
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