To review the diagnostic significance, safety and possible risk factors of splenectomy in fever of unknown origin (FUO) with splenomegaly.
The records of 54 patients with FUO and splenomegaly who ...underwent splenectomy in our hospital in the past 20 years were reviewed retrospectively. Pathologic findings, morbidity, mortality and possible risk factors were analyzed.
Histologic findings included 29 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 4 cases of spleen tuberculosis, 3 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 case of Castleman disease and 2 cases of hemophagocytic syndrome. An etiologic diagnosis was made in 72.2% of the patients undergoing splenectomy. Surgical complications occurred in 25.9% of the patients and 1-month operative mortality was 16.7%. The mortality rate 1 month after surgery was significantly associated with serous cavity effusion (46.2 vs. 7.5%, p = 0.006) and spleen weight >1,500 g (50.0 vs. 9.1%, p = 0.007). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate of the patients with or without jaundice, pancytopenia, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or elevated LDH (p > 0.5). Multivariate analysis revealed serous cavity effusion (odds ratio 21.0; 95% confidence interval 2.2-212.8; p = 0.01) and spleen weight >1,500 g (odds ratio 18.0; 95% confidence interval 1.9-173.8; p = 0.01) as independent risk factors.
Splenectomy is an effective diagnostic modality for FUO presenting with splenomegaly. The presence of serous cavity effusions and spleen weight >1,500 g identifies patients with the greatest operative risk.
Design for manufacture and assembly in construction: a review Gao, Shang; Jin, Ruoyu; Lu, Weisheng
Building research and information : the international journal of research, development and demonstration,
07/2020, Volume:
48, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) is known as both a philosophy and a methodology whereby products are designed in a way that is as amenable as possible for downstream manufacturing and ...assembly. As construction is moving towards a combination of offsite prefabrication and onsite assembly, DfMA is gaining momentum in this heterogeneous industry. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review of DfMA in construction, its prospects and challenges in particular, seems absent from the literature. This study reviews the processes and principles of DfMA and explores the possible perspectives of DfMA with a view to providing implications to the construction industry. It was found that DfMA in construction has been interpreted from three perspectives: (1) a holistic design process that encompasses how structure or object will be manufactured, assembled and guided with DfMA principles; (2) an evaluation system that can work with virtual design and construction (VDC) to evaluate the efficiency of manufacturing and assembly; and (3) a game-changing philosophy that embraces the ever-changing prefabrication and modular construction technologies. This study suggests that development of design guidelines, forming multidisciplinary team, use of VDC systems and understanding the lean principles are factors that could further enhance the successful application of DfMA in construction.
To deal with increasing energy consumption in the residential sector, distributed energy resources including photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, etc. have been paid more and more attention. In this study, ...an optimization model is developed for the PV/Fuel Cell/Battery based residential energy system. While guaranteeing reliable system operation, the model may determine the optimal running strategies with annual running cost or annual CO2 emissions as the objective function to be minimized. In addition, besides the energy flows among the equipments within the hybrid energy system, the economic information including electricity tariff and natural gas price, as well as some policy issues (e.g., buy-back price) are also accounted. As the results of the model, besides the optimal electric and thermal balances, the rational utilization forms of PV module, fuel cell and battery can be also deduced. To verify the viability of the proposed approach, a numerical example is implemented and analyzed. The optimal operating strategies are deduced and compared from different perspectives. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the PV module mainly contributes to the environmental performance of the assumed hybrid energy system, while the battery may be beneficial from the economic viewpoint.
•An optimization model is developed for a hybrid PV/fuel cell/battery energy system.•Both economic and environmental objective functions have been considered.•The PV module mainly contributes to the environmental performance.•The battery bank may be beneficial from the economic point of view.•Both battery size and buy-back price may influence the system performances.
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, in particular transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), have attracted great interest in extending Moore's law beyond silicon
. However, despite extensive efforts
..., the growth of wafer-scale TMDC single crystals on scalable and industry-compatible substrates has not been well demonstrated. Here we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of 2 inch (~50 mm) monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS
) single crystals on a C-plane sapphire. We designed the miscut orientation towards the A axis (C/A) of sapphire, which is perpendicular to the standard substrates. Although the change of miscut orientation does not affect the epitaxial relationship, the resulting step edges break the degeneracy of nucleation energy for the antiparallel MoS
domains and lead to more than a 99% unidirectional alignment. A set of microscopies, spectroscopies and electrical measurements consistently showed that the MoS
is single crystalline and has an excellent wafer-scale uniformity. We fabricated field-effect transistors and obtained a mobility of 102.6 cm
V
s
and a saturation current of 450 μA μm
, which are among the highest for monolayer MoS
. A statistical analysis of 160 field-effect transistors over a centimetre scale showed a >94% device yield and a 15% variation in mobility. We further demonstrated the single-crystalline MoSe
on C/A sapphire. Our method offers a general and scalable route to produce TMDC single crystals towards future electronics.
Recent years have witnessed a rapidly growing interest in exploring the use of spin waves for information transmission and computation toward establishing a spin-wave-based technology that is not ...only significantly more energy efficient than the CMOS technology, but may also cause a major departure from the von-Neumann architecture by enabling memory-in-logic and logic-in-memory architectures. A major bottleneck of advancing this technology is the excitation of spin waves with short wavelengths, which is a must because the wavelength dictates device scalability. Here, we report the discovery of an approach for the excitation of nm-wavelength spin waves. The demonstration uses ferromagnetic nanowires grown on a 20-nm-thick Y
Fe
O
film strip. The propagation of spin waves with a wavelength down to 50 nm over a distance of 60,000 nm is measured. The measurements yield a spin-wave group velocity as high as 2600 m s
, which is faster than both domain wall and skyrmion motions.
•A purified acidic polysaccharide was obtained from fruits of Lycium barbarum L.•The structural characteristics were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis approaches ...along with a degradation pattern study.•The fine primary structure and chain conformation of this polysaccharide was elucidated.
An acidic polysaccharide, named as p-LBP, was isolated from Lycium barbarum L. by water extraction and purified by decoloration, ion exchange chromatography, dialysis and gel chromatography, successively. The primary structure analysis was determined by HPAEC-PAD, HPSEC, FT-IR, GC–MS, and NMR. The results showed p-LBP was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide as a pectin molecule with an average molecular weight of 64kDa p-LBP was an approximately 87nm hollow sphere in 0.05mol/L sodium sulfate solution determined by HPSEC-MALLS, DLS and TEM. A discussion of degradation patterns gave the detailed structural information of p-LBP. Therefore, the results from degraded fragments elucidated that the backbone of p-LBP was formed by →4-α-GalpA-(1→, repeatedly. Partial region was connected by →4-α-GalpA-(1→ and →2-α-Rhap-(1→, alternatively. On the C-4 of partial →2-α-Rhap-(1→ residues existed branches forming by →4-β-Galp-(1→, →3-β-Galp-(1→ or →5-α-Araf-(1→, while on the C-6 of partial →3-β-Galp-(1→ residues existed secondary branches forming by terminal-α-Araf, terminal-β-Galp or →3-α-Araf-(1→.
Complex labels have been widely used in various industries. The accuracy of its content is critical both in the fields of people's livelihood, such as supermarkets and shopping centers, and in the ...management of goods in the industrial fields, such as logistics and factories. Inaccurate label information identification can make item management difficult. Because complex labels can simultaneously contain text, icons, bar codes, QR codes, and other information with different aspect ratios. Traditional methods like feature extraction and template matching have problems, such as detection frames breaking between Chinese, English, and numeric symbols. As a result, entire lines of text on complex labels cannot be detectable, resulting in low detection accuracy. In this paper, a deep learning-based text detection algorithm was proposed. By employing the operation of inverse convolution, improved the object detection algorithm you only look once 5 (YOLOv5). In the backbone part of the original model, involution is used instead of the convolution layer to improve target classification and prediction. The original anchor frame was modified using k-means clustering to make it more applicable to text of various sizes in labels. The enhanced algorithm is called as Invo-YOLOv5. Experiments show that this model can significantly improve detection efficiency while also addresse the problems of false detection and missed detection. Finally, the detected text is verified by using CRNN and Tesseract OCR with complex labels as samples for recognition. Both methods can be effectively recognized, demonstrating the efficacy and generality of the Invo-YOLOv5 method in the process of complex labels text detection and improving the detection accuracy.
In this paper, an event-based distributed cooperative learning (DCL) law is proposed for a group of adaptive neural control systems. The plants to be controlled have identical structures, but ...reference signals for each plant are different. During control process, each agent intermittently broadcasts its neural network (NN) weight estimation to its neighboring agents under an event-triggered condition that is only based on its own estimated NN weights. If communication topology is connected and undirected, the NN weights of all neural control systems can converge to a small neighborhood of their optimal values. The generalization ability of NNs is guaranteed in the event-triggered context, that is, the approximation domain of each NN is the union of all system trajectories. Furthermore, a strictly positive lower bound on the interevent intervals is also guaranteed to avoid the Zeno behavior. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning law.
Along with the continuing global warming, the environmental constraints are expected to play more and more important role in the operation of distributed energy resource (DER) systems, besides the ...economic objective. In this study, a multi-objective optimization model is developed to analyze the optimal operating strategy of a DER system while combining the minimization of energy cost with the minimization of environmental impact which is assessed in terms of CO
2 emissions. The trade-off curve is obtained by using the compromise programming method. As an illustrative example, the DER system installed in an eco-campus in Japan has been selected for case study. The distributed technologies under consideration include photovoltaics (PV), fuel cell and gas engine for providing electrical and thermal demands. The obtained results demonstrate that increasing the satisfaction degree of economic objective leads to increased CO
2 emissions. The operation of the DER system is more sensitive when environmental objective is paid more attention. Moreover, according to the sensitivity analysis, the consideration of electricity buy-back, carbon tax, as well as fuel switching to biogas, has more or less effect on the operation of DER systems.
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