Stable plating/stripping of metal electrodes under high power and high capacity remains a great challenge. Tailoring the deposition behavior on the substrate could partly resolve dendrites' ...formation, but it usually works only under low current densities and limited capacities. Here we turn to regulate the separator's interfacial chemistry through tin coating with decent conductivity and excellent zincophilicity. The former homogenizes the electric field distribution for smooth zinc metal on the substrate, while the latter enables the concurrent zinc deposition on the separator with a face-to-face growth. Consequently, dendrite-free zinc morphologies and superior cycling stability are achieved at simultaneous high current densities and large cycling capacities (1000 h at 5 mA/cm
for 5 mAh/cm
and 500 h at 10 mA/cm
for 10 mAh/cm
). Furthermore, the concept could be readily extended to sodium metal anodes, demonstrating the interfacial chemistry regulation of separator is a promising route to circumvent the metal anode challenges.
The alkyne is a biologically significant moiety found in many natural products and a versatile functional group widely used in modern chemistry. Recent studies have revealed the biosynthesis of ...acetylenic bonds in fatty acids and amino acids. However, the molecular basis for the alkynyl moiety in acetylenic prenyl chains occurring in a number of meroterpenoids remains obscure. Here, we identify the biosynthetic gene cluster and characterize the biosynthetic pathway of an acetylenic meroterpenoid biscognienyne B based on heterologous expression, feeding experiments, and in vitro assay. This work shows that the alkyne moiety is constructed by an unprecedented cytochrome P450 enzyme BisI, which shows promiscuous activity towards C5 and C15 prenyl chains. This finding provides an opportunity for discovery of new compounds, featuring acetylenic prenyl chains, through genome mining, and it also expands the enzyme inventory for de novo biosynthesis of alkynes.
Alkynylation patterns: The biosynthetic pathway of the acetylenic meroterpenoid biscognienyne B is elucidated. The synthesis requires an unprecedented cytochrome P450 enzyme, BisI, for alkynylation of the prenyl chain. This finding expands the enzyme inventory for de novo biosynthesis of alkynes.
This study aimed to examine the impact and source of announcements introducing additional long-term shareholder perks on stock prices of Japanese listed companies. We produced more precise analysis ...results by categorizing the total sample into favorable change and unfavorable change sample. As a result, we found that long-term shareholder perks have a positive impact on stock prices through the expansion of the shareholder base in the case of a favorable change, whereas there is no negative impact on stock liquidity due to an increased number of long term individual shareholders. On the contrary, in the case of an unfavorable change, we found a weak trend of shrinkage in the shareholder base due to individual shareholders' defection and a consequent decrease in stock liquidity. In the case of a favorable change, the long-term shareholder perks program functions as a means to increase the number of shareholders and encourage them to hold the shares for a longer period of time.
Alloy anodes composed of microsized particles receive increasing attention recently, which outperform the nanostructured counterparts in both the manufacturing cost and volumetric energy density. ...However, the pulverization of particles and fracture of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during cycling brings about fast capacity degradation. Herein, it is shown how normally considered fragile SEI can become highly elastic through electrolyte chemistry regulation. Compared to the SEI constructed in classic carbonate electrolyte, the atomic force microscopy tests reveal that the one built in ether‐based electrolyte doubles the maximum elastic strain to accommodate the repeated swelling‐contracting. Such an SEI effectively encapsulates the microsized Sb anodes to prevent the capacity loss from particle isolation. Coupled with an intercalation‐assisted alloying reaction mechanism, a sustained capacity of ≈573 mAh g−1 after 180 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 with outstanding initial Coulombic efficiency is obtained, which is among the highest values achieved in K‐ion batteries. This study emphasizes the significance of building robust SEI, which offers the opportunity to enable stable microsized alloy anodes.
By building a more elastic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the ether‐based electrolyte, antimony microparticles can achieve a high reversible capacity of 573 mAh g−1 over 180 cycles in potassium ion batteries. Atomic force microscopy measurements unravel the correlation between electrochemical performance and SEI's mechanical properties, highlighting the significance of the SEI's maximum elastic strain (εY) in cyclic stability.
A diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based conjugated polymer, PDPP‐4FTVT, which exhibits ambipolar transport behavior in air with hole and electron mobilities up to 3.40 and 5.86 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, is ...synthesized via direct arylation polycondensation. Incorporation of F‐atoms in β‐positions of thiophene rings dramatically improves the efficiency of direct arylation polycondensation.
Demethylation is a chemical process widely distributed in nature to remove a methyl group from an organic molecule, which is a key aspect of diverse biological processes including biosynthesis of ...natural products, degradation of plant biomass and epigenetic regulation. This process is facilitated by diverse demethylases via distinct mechanisms. Recent studies have disclosed some novel demethylation reactions as well as their underlying demethylases in the biosynthesis of bacterial sterols, fungal terpenoids, and plant alkaloids. This article focuses on current advances in dissecting the demethylation reactions in biosynthesis of natural products and aims to point out the enzymatic mechanisms, which will further enhance our knowledge and understanding of demethylation process in nature.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been indicated as potentially critical mediators in various types of tumor progression, generally acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges to regulate downstream gene ...expression. However, the aberrant expression profile and dysfunction of circRNAs in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) need to be further investigated. This study mined key prognostic circRNAs and elucidates the potential role and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in regulating the proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC.
circCHST15 (hsa_circ_0020303) was identified by mining two circRNA microarrays from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and comparing matched tumor versus adjacent normal epithelial tissue pairs or matched primary versus metastatic tumor tissue pairs. These results were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis. We demonstrated the biological effect of circCHST15 in ccRCC both in vitro and in vivo. To test the interaction between circCHST15 and miRNAs, we conducted a number of experiments, including RNA pull down assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization.
The expression of circCHST15 was higher in ccRCC tissues compared to healthy adjacent kidney tissue and higher in RCC cell lines compared to normal kidney cell lines. The level of circCHST15 was positively correlated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics, and circCHST15 served as an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with ccRCC after surgical resection. Our in vivo and in vitro data indicate that circCHST15 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells. Mechanistically, we found that circCHST15 directly interacts with miR-125a-5p and acts as a microRNA sponge to regulate EIF4EBP1 expression.
We found that sponging of miR-125a-5p to promote EIF4EBP1 expression is the underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0020303-induced ccRCC progression. This prompts further investigation of circCHST15 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Based on the panel data of Changjiang Economic Corridor (CEC), this paper includes agricultural carbon emissions as an unwanted output into the evaluation index system for agricultural carbon ...emissions performance (ACEP), and measured the ACEP of the 11 provinces in the CEC of 2005–2018, using the minimum distance to weak efficient frontier (MinDW) model. In addition, a Tobit model was constructed for empirical analysis on the impactors of CEC ACEP. The results show that: In general, the CEC achieved an excellent ACEP, with certain differences between the provinces; the ACEP trends varied between the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the CEC, and the lower reaches had a much higher ACEP than the upper and middle reaches; the results of Tobit model demonstrate that industrial upgrading and rural power consumption have significant positive correlations with CEC ACEP, while human capital, planting structure, and agricultural disaster have significantly negative correlations with CEC ACEP.
Electroluminescence efficiencies and stabilities of quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskites are restricted by the formation of multiple-quantum-well structures with broad and uncontrollable phase ...distributions. Here, we report a ligand design strategy to substantially suppress diffusion-limited phase disproportionation, thereby enabling better phase control. We demonstrate that extending the π-conjugation length and increasing the cross-sectional area of the ligand enables perovskite thin films with dramatically suppressed ion transport, narrowed phase distributions, reduced defect densities, and enhanced radiative recombination efficiencies. Consequently, we achieved efficient and stable deep-red light-emitting diodes with a peak external quantum efficiency of 26.3% (average 22.9% among 70 devices and cross-checked) and a half-life of ~220 and 2.8 h under a constant current density of 0.1 and 12 mA/cm
, respectively. Our devices also exhibit wide wavelength tunability and improved spectral and phase stability compared with existing perovskite light-emitting diodes. These discoveries provide critical insights into the molecular design and crystallization kinetics of low-dimensional perovskite semiconductors for light-emitting devices.
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