U radu se promišlja novovjekovni odnos čovjeka prema Bogu, prirodi i znanosti uz pomoć nekih značajnijih mislilaca toga vremena. Stvaranje novovjekovne slike svijeta započinje samopostavljanjem ...čovjeka u samosvjestan subjekt koji postaje reprezentant svih bića u smislu njihove predmetnosti – čovjek kao mjera svih stvari – i ujedno središnje i najvažnije biće Univerzuma. Čovjek to postiže stvaranjem novih vrijednosti, koje ne stoje nasuprot starih vrijednosti, već nove vrijednosti utemeljuje na novom bitku, bilo da je riječ o tvrdnji – »znanje je moć« (Bacon); akciji samosvjesnog subjekta – »mislim dakle jesam« (Descartes); »volji za moć u vječnom vraćanju istoga« (Nietzsche); apsolutnom duhu »svjetske povijesti« (Hegel); oslobođenom radu kao »znanstvenom radu« (Marx) i, naposljetku, o znanstveno-tehničkom umu. U tom samopostavljanju novovjekovni subjekt lišava prirodu svakog dostojanstva i teleologije čineći je isključivo predmetom eksploatacije, a postavljanjem ovozemaljskog života kao sredstva za ostvarenje najviših vrijednosti »volje za moć« negira postojanje biblijskog Boga i sam želi postati »Bog« na zemlji uz pomoć znanosti koja dopire do prvih uzroka prirodnih pojava i mogućnosti stvaranja umjetnih bića bez Božje mudrosti. Današnje znanstveno-kibernetičko doba pokazuje da novovjekovni subjektivizam završava u »volji za moć« znanstveno-tehničkog uma koji društvo, prirodu i prirodu u čovjeku objektivizira čineći ih sredstvima svoga samosvršnog samorazvoja.
The aim of the paper is to rethink the modern relationship of man towards God, nature and science. The creation of a modern image of the world begins with the self-positioning of man as a self-aware subject who becomes a representative of all beings in the sense of their objectivity – man as the measure of all things. Man achieves this by creating new values, which do not stand in opposition to old values, but he bases new values on a new battle, whether it is about »knowledge is power« (Bacon); to the action of a self-aware subject – »I think therefore I am« (Descartes); »the will to power in the eternal return of the same« (Nietzsche); the absolute spirit of »world history« (Hegel); freed work as »scientific work« (Marx) and finally the scientific-technical mind. In this self-positioning of the modern subject, he deprives nature of all dignity and teleology, making it exclusively an object of exploitation, and by positioning earthly life as a means to achieve the highest values, the »will to power« denies the existence of the biblical God and wants to become »God« on earth with the help of science that reaches the first causes of natural phenomena and the possibility of creating artificial beings without God’s wisdom. Today’s scientific-cybernetic era shows that modern subjectivism ends in the »will to power« of the scientific-technical mind, which objectifies the nature of society and man, making them the means of his self-fulfilling self-development.
Natural sciences and technologies place artificial intelligence, robotics and cyborgs at the centre of human attention. However, virtual and augmented reality and the unthinkable possibilities of the ...future media and communication between individuals and social groups might be deeper and broader than we think, and evolve in forms we have not hoped for. If philosophy wants to focus on the essence of scientific-technical age, it must reflect on the very foundations of computer-operational thinking, because artificial intelligence has already started to develop its own consciousness and may, in the future, devise a strategy of development beyond man and without man.
Prirodne znanosti i tehnologije stavljaju u središte ljudske pozornosti umjetnu inteligenciju, robotiku i kiborge. Međutim, virtualna i proširena stvarnost te nezamislive mogućnosti budućih medija i komunikacija između pojedinaca i društvenih skupina mogle bi biti dublje i šire nego što mislimo i razvijati se u oblicima kojima se još ne nadamo. Ako se filozofija želi orjentirati u biti znanstveno – tehničkog doba, ona mora misliti same temelje računalno – operativnog mišljenja jer umjetna inteligencija već danas razvija vlastitu svjesnost a u budućnosti i strategiju razvoja mimo čovjeka i bez čovjeka.
Natural sciences and technologies place artificial intelligence, robotics and cyborgs at the centre of human attention. However, virtual and augmented reality and the unthinkable possibilities of the ...future media and communication between individuals and social groups might be deeper and broader than we think, and evolve in forms we have not hoped for. If philosophy wants to focus on the essence of scientific-technical age, it must reflect on the very foundations of computer-operational thinking, because artificial intelligence has already started to develop its own consciousness and may, in the future, devise a strategy of development beyond man and without man.
Purpose
– This paper aims to focus on the modern development of bionics and linking new technologies with the human nervous system or other biological systems that cause changes of the human ...biological structure.
Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is a discursive evaluation of technological progress and new systems where computers and machines integrate, making a single matrix entity – the cyborg. Here fundamental questions arise, such as what it means to be human and what is (descriptive aspect) and what should be (normative aspect) a human being?
Findings
– The paper argues for the value of twenty-first century human enhancement techniques and other emerging technologies that promised to “help” humans become “more than human”, trying to create human beings with greatly enhanced abilities, to improve human mental and physical characteristics and capacities. Modern man is gradually disappearing as a natural being and increasingly turning into an artificial creature “cyborg” that leads into the question, what will ultimately remain human in a human body?
Originality/value
– The paper contributes to the existing debates about further development of cyborgisation and examines boundaries that will strictly divide man from a cyborg in the near future. In order to protect man from the omnipotence of technology and its unethical application is necessary to establish cyborgoethics that would determine the implementation of an artificial boundary in the natural body.
The scientific-technological future often implies hardly conceivable social-philosophical consequences. The range of media-related changes in the very near future, which will significantly change the ...current mediation of man and the world, is difficult to predict, but they are inevitable. The technological and biological reality of the upcoming era cannot be viewed as separated from all the sociological, psychological, and media aspects of the society and the individual. What will these irreversible consequences in the networked reality of the media and humans imply in bioethical terms? How should we already now think of man, the human community, and the emerging, globalized world? We are approaching a great “tipping point” in which human life and the possible coexistence of artificial and natural intelligence will be tested and one can only speculate on the media picture of such a reality. Will we look for new frameworks for the Heideggerian age of the Image of the World, return to the premises of Wiener’s cybernetics, or perhaps reaffirm some of the traditional premises?
The scientific-technological future often implies hardly conceivable social-philosophical consequences. The range of media-related changes in the very near future, which will significantly change the ...current mediation of man and the world, is difficult to predict, but they are inevitable. The technological and biological reality of the upcoming era cannot be viewed as separated from all the sociological, psychological, and media aspects of the society and the individual. What will these irreversible consequences in the networked reality of the media and humans imply in bioethical terms? How should we already now think of man, the human community, and the emerging, globalized world? We are approaching a great “tipping point” in which human life and the possible coexistence of artificial and natural intelligence will be tested and one can only speculate on the media picture of such a reality. Will we look for new frameworks for the Heideggerian age of the Image of the World, return to the premises of Wiener’s cybernetics, or perhaps reaffirm some of the traditional premises?
Prirodne znanosti i tehnologije stavljaju u središte ljudske pozornosti umjetnu inteligenciju, robotiku i kiborge. Međutim, virtualna i proširena stvarnost te nezamislive mogućnosti budućih medija i ...komunikacija između pojedinaca i društvenih skupina mogle bi biti dublje i šire nego što mislimo i razvijati se u oblicima kojima se još ne nadamo. Ako se filozofija želi orjentirati u biti znanstveno – tehničkog doba, ona mora misliti same temelje računalno – operativnog mišljenja jer umjetna inteligencija već danas razvija vlastitu svjesnost a u budućnosti i strategiju razvoja mimo čovjeka i bez čovjeka.
In times during which “the age of world picture” is being enhanced by digital reality, it is getting harder to think the Human Being’s role and position in time and space, but also the purpose of the ...existence of Human Being as we know it in contemporaneity. In the future time and space, human being’s perception, media mediation, and proprioception of the world will fundamentally change. If we label the cyberspace as a certain utopia of postmodern symbols, then the
cyberspace is the foreshadowing of the World in which digital reality, cyborgs, (non)humanoid robots, and drones will define the level of nonhuman or Transhuman within us. Transhumanists propose that humanity ought to proactively enhance itself and steer its evolution via technology and science to create beings that will surpass us by intelligence. They also support the enhancement of nonhuman living beings and every future form of artificial intelligence, modified forms of life, and other species of intelligence that technological and scientific progress will reach.
Such vision of human beings nullifies the idea of self-sufficiency and severs the thinking about traditional identity. The effects of enhancing human abilities provoke ethical questions, when exactly do artificially enhanced persons stop being a human, in what kind of space does it act, and who in fact is in the possession or control of information present deep inside our bodies.
Purpose
– This paper aims to focus on the modern development of bionics and linking new technologies with the human nervous system or other biological systems that cause changes of the human ...biological structure.
Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is a discursive evaluation of technological progress and new systems where computers and machines integrate, making a single matrix entity – the cyborg. Here fundamental questions arise, such as what it means to be human and what is (descriptive aspect) and what should be (normative aspect) a human being?
Findings
– The paper argues for the value of twenty-first century human enhancement techniques and other emerging technologies that promised to “help” humans become “more than human”, trying to create human beings with greatly enhanced abilities, to improve human mental and physical characteristics and capacities. Modern man is gradually disappearing as a natural being and increasingly turning into an artificial creature “cyborg” that leads into the question, what will ultimately remain human in a human body?
Originality/value
– The paper contributes to the existing debates about further development of cyborgisation and examines boundaries that will strictly divide man from a cyborg in the near future. In order to protect man from the omnipotence of technology and its unethical application is necessary to establish cyborgoethics that would determine the implementation of an artificial boundary in the natural body.
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