Realization of multi-source energy harvesting with one single device would maximize power output. Thus, it is emerging as a promising strategy towards renewable energy generation and has attracted ...worldwide attention in the past decades. Capable of capturing mechanical energy that is ubiquitous in the ambient environment, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been considered a novel yet effective source towards next-generation energy harvesting. In this work, a flexible hybrid energy harvester (HEH) is developed via the rational integration of autonomous self-healing TENG and high bending-stable lead sulfide quantum dot (PbS QD) solar cell, enabling independent electricity generation by two different mechanisms. The single-electrode mode TENG component with self-healing is realized by a polydimethylsiloxane/Triton X-100 (PDMS/TX100) mixture as the dielectric layer and the shared gold (Au) electrode, which generates 0.39 µA of output current (Iout), 24.6 V of output voltages (Vout), 15.4 nC of transfer charges (Qsc), and 7.80 mW m−2 of output power peak density. The thin-film solar cell component is based on a PbS QD layer as the light absorber with a planar structure fabricated under low-cost and compatible conditions, achieving 22.8 mA cm−2 of short-circuit current density (Jsc) and 4.92% of power conversion efficiency (PCE). As a proof of concept, an electronic watch is successfully powered by harnessing ambient mechanical and solar energy with a hybridized energy cell. This approach will offer more opportunities to construct a versatile platform towards remote monitoring and smart home systems.
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•Realization of multi-source energy harvesting with one single device.•Development of a flexible hybrid energy harvester combining triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and quantum dot solar cell.•Realization of a single-electrode mode TENG component with self-healing capability.•Proof of concept demonstration of powering an electronic watch.
In elderly diabetic patients, depression is often overlooked because professional evaluation requires psychiatrists, but such specialists are lacking in the community. Therefore, we aimed to create a ...simple depression screening model that allows earlier detection of depressive disorders in elderly diabetic patients by community health workers.BackgroundIn elderly diabetic patients, depression is often overlooked because professional evaluation requires psychiatrists, but such specialists are lacking in the community. Therefore, we aimed to create a simple depression screening model that allows earlier detection of depressive disorders in elderly diabetic patients by community health workers.The prediction model was developed in a primary cohort that consisted of 210 patients with diabetes, and data were gathered from December 2022 to February 2023. The independent validation cohort included 99 consecutive patients from February 2023 to March 2023. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model. We incorporated common demographic characteristics, diabetes-specific factors, family structure characteristics, the self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) score, and the family APGAR (adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, resolution) score. The performance of the nomogram was assessed with respect to its calibration (calibration curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test), discrimination (the area under the curve (AUC)), and clinical usefulness (Decision curve analysis (DCA)).MethodsThe prediction model was developed in a primary cohort that consisted of 210 patients with diabetes, and data were gathered from December 2022 to February 2023. The independent validation cohort included 99 consecutive patients from February 2023 to March 2023. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model. We incorporated common demographic characteristics, diabetes-specific factors, family structure characteristics, the self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) score, and the family APGAR (adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, resolution) score. The performance of the nomogram was assessed with respect to its calibration (calibration curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test), discrimination (the area under the curve (AUC)), and clinical usefulness (Decision curve analysis (DCA)).The prediction nomogram incorporated 5 crucial factors such as glucose monitoring status, exercise status, monthly income, sleep disorder status, and the SPBS score. The model demonstrated strong discrimination in the primary cohort, with an AUC of 0.839 (95% CI, 0.781-0.897). This discriminative ability was further validated in the validation cohort, with an AUC of 0.857 (95% CI, 0.779-0.935). Moreover, the nomogram exhibited satisfactory calibration. DCA suggested that the prediction of depression in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus was of great clinical value.ResultsThe prediction nomogram incorporated 5 crucial factors such as glucose monitoring status, exercise status, monthly income, sleep disorder status, and the SPBS score. The model demonstrated strong discrimination in the primary cohort, with an AUC of 0.839 (95% CI, 0.781-0.897). This discriminative ability was further validated in the validation cohort, with an AUC of 0.857 (95% CI, 0.779-0.935). Moreover, the nomogram exhibited satisfactory calibration. DCA suggested that the prediction of depression in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus was of great clinical value.The prediction model provides precise and user-friendly guidance for community health workers in preliminary screenings for depression among elderly patients with diabetes.ConclusionThe prediction model provides precise and user-friendly guidance for community health workers in preliminary screenings for depression among elderly patients with diabetes.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) play an important role in lidar and quantum information due to their excellent comprehensive performance. However, it is a major challenge to ...read out the SNSPD arrays for the high heat load and cost of the readout circuit in a cryocooler. Here, we propose a single-channel readout and imaging scheme based on compressed sensing (CS), which synergistically samples, combines, and reconstructs the response signals from all of the pixels of SNSPD arrays. Based on the row–column (RC) multiplexing SNSPD array, the compressed sampling of each pixel is realized by randomly switching the bias current of rows and columns, and the counts of each pixel are reconstructed according to the sampling matrices and combined readout signals. This scheme shifts the system complexity to the bias end, eliminates the need for expensive multichannel readout equipment, and enables multiphoton coincidence detection. We demonstrate spot imaging with a 16-pixel SNSPD array and find that the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the CS readout signal is 10 dB higher than that of the RC readout scheme at −100 dBm light intensity and 1000 fps.
Methylammonium bismuth iodide (MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 ) perovskite, has been deposited on a mesoporous TiO 2 film with high homogeneousity and coverage through interdiffusion of solution-processed BiI 3 /CH 3 ...NH 3 I stacking layers, resulting in higher power conversion efficiency in the perovskite solar cell as compared with that prepared using a conventional one-step solution method.
Methylammonium bismuth iodide (MA
3
Bi
2
I
9
) perovskite, has been deposited on a mesoporous TiO
2
film with high homogeneousity and coverage through interdiffusion of solution-processed BiI
3
/CH
3
...NH
3
I stacking layers, resulting in higher power conversion efficiency in the perovskite solar cell as compared with that prepared using a conventional one-step solution method.
Methylammonium bismuth iodide (MA
3
Bi
2
I
9
) perovskite has been deposited on a mesoporous TiO
2
film through interdiffusion of solution-processed BiI
3
/CH
3
NH
3
I stacking layers, and the resulting device was prepared and characterized.
Group Network Hawkes Process Fang, Guanhua; Xu, Ganggang; Xu, Haochen ...
arXiv (Cornell University),
08/2023
Paper, Journal Article
Open access
In this work, we study the event occurrences of individuals interacting in a network. To characterize the dynamic interactions among the individuals, we propose a group network Hawkes process (GNHP) ...model whose network structure is observed and fixed. In particular, we introduce a latent group structure among individuals to account for the heterogeneous user-specific characteristics. A maximum likelihood approach is proposed to simultaneously cluster individuals in the network and estimate model parameters. A fast EM algorithm is subsequently developed by utilizing the branching representation of the proposed GNHP model. Theoretical properties of the resulting estimators of group memberships and model parameters are investigated under both settings when the number of latent groups \(G\) is over-specified or correctly specified. A data-driven criterion that can consistently identify the true \(G\) under mild conditions is derived. Extensive simulation studies and an application to a data set collected from Sina Weibo are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Dual-functional electrochromic supercapacitors (DECSs), which demonstrate the substantial potential for reversible changes in optical properties and energy storage capabilities, hold considerable ...promise for a wide range of applications in areas such as smart windows, displays, and wearable electronics. Nevertheless, challenges still exist in effectively optimizing their capacitance, ensuring cycling stability, and achieving cost-effective fabrication. Herein, this study explores an approach by integrating Al3+ and Li+ ions as hybrid electrolyte to enhance electrochemical activity. Utilizing WO3 quantum dots (WQDs) embedded within Ag nanowires (Ag NWs) grids offers a promising strategy to augment the vertical electric field gradient and prevent the self-agglomeration of WQDs. In addition, the integration of hybrid electrolyte comprising Al3+ and Li+ ions not only enhance electrochemical activity but also serves to mitigate the high-cost lithium sources. The resulting Ag NWs/WQDs electrode exhibits an impressive specific capacitance of 681.6 F g-1 at 0.25 mA cm-2 in Al3+/Li+ hybrid electrolyte, a notable 5-fold increase compared to the pristine WQDs electrode in Li+ electrolyte (139.3 F g-1). Simultaneously, this dual-function electrode demonstrates a large optical modulation (81.8% at 700 nm), a fast switching-speed (tbleaching=7 s, tcoloring=5 s), and a long cycling life (maintaining 84.6% of its original capacitance after 5000 cycles). Noteworthy insights from COMSOL simulations highlight the Ag NWs grid's "conductive bridge" function, which shows a positive attribution in optimizing the vertical electric field gradient. As a demonstration of proof-of-concept, a large-size flexible dual-functional electrochromic supercapacitor (DECS, 15 cm×10 cm) confirms energy-saving and storage dual-functionality device. Typically, the DECS-equipped inner room experiences a temperature 10℃ lower than that of a room with a blank PET within 10 minutes, indicating the significant irradiation shielding. In addition, this device exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance of 9.25 mF cm-2 at 5 mV s-1, accompanied by an exceptional stability under simulated solar irradiation. The innovation of 0D/1D hierarchical structure of the electrodes together with the hybrid electrolyte not only reduce costs but also enhance the capacitance and cycle stability of DECSs, offering new insights for the development of next-generation flexible electronic wearables.
•Integrating Al3+ and Li+ ions as a hybrid electrolyte enhances electrochemical activity in DECSs, optimizing capacitance and reducing reliance on high-cost lithium sources.•Embedding WO3 quantum dots within Ag nanowires grids improves the vertical electric field gradient, boosting the specific capacitance and cycling life of the Ag NWs/WQDs electrode.•A proof-of-concept large-size flexible DECS demonstrates energy-saving and storage dual-functionality. The hierarchical electrode structure and hybrid electrolyte offer cost-effectiveness, enhanced capacitance, and cycle stability for next-gen flexible wearables.
碩士
國立成功大學
微電子工程研究所碩博士班
100
The topic of this research is n+ microcrystalline silicon film deposited at low temperature based on Laser-assisted Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition system ...(LAPECVD). Since silane shows extremely high absorption coefficient to CO2 laser at certain wavelength (10.6 um), the CO2 laser beam is applied to the chamber during deposition of silicon film. It makes amorphous silicon be converted into a microcrystalline phase.
In application, this research applies the high quality n+ microcrystalline silicon film to the tunnel recombination junction of the tandem solar cell consisting of an amorphous silicon top cell and an amorphous silicon-germanium bottom cell, which expects to improve a whole cell performance by better transmission capability of both top and bottom cell due to the high carrier concentration, high carrier mobility, low resistivity and low optical gap in microcrystalline film. The tunnel junction produced by Laser-assisted Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
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