Sellers of platforms offering cashback rewards for favorable comments (hereinafter CRFC) to generate positive online reviews are ubiquitous. This research examines when and how a CRFC influences ...consumers’ post-purchase behavioral intentions regarding repurchase and recommendation. Anchoring on the relationship norms theory and casting light on consumers’ self-perceptions, the effect of a CRFC on consumers’ post-purchase behavioral intentions is contingent on the relationship norms. The findings of a pilot study and two experimental studies show that after a CRFC offer, communal consumers experienced lower post-purchase behavioral intentions than exchange consumers, and that consumers’ feeling of self-disgust is the mechanism underlying this interactive effect. Specifically, a CRFC is effective for exchange consumers but not for communal consumers because it triggers self-disgust in communal consumers. This paper thus reveals the mediating role of self-disgust in the interactive effect of CRFC and relationship norms on post-purchase behavioral intentions. The implications for sellers, platforms and consumers are discussed.
Distributed static and dynamic sensing is demonstrated with an ultra-short fiber Bragg grating (USFBG) array. The USFBGs serve as the sensors and reflection mirrors at the same time. Distributed ...static sensing is performed by demodulating the strain-induced or temperature-induced wavelength shift of each USFBG. Dynamic vibration sensing is realized based on phase variation between two adjacent USFBG reflected pulses. Static temperature and dynamic vibration are applied to the sensing ultra-short FBG array simultaneously. The experiments show that the temperature measurement from 30 °C to 80 °C is achieved successfully. And dynamic sensing of nε scale vibration and 12.5 kHz acoustic wave are demonstrated at a sampling rate of 50 kHz.
Line loss management and evaluation is a core issue in the management of power grid projects. However, with the deepening of Chinas power system reform, there are too many human factors in the ...traditional line loss management and evaluation system. There is a lack of analysis and evaluation of the correlation between indicator data and line loss, and between indicator data and data. It is necessary to establish a new indicator relationship. This article applies knowledge graph technology to the selection of evaluation indicators of line loss management. This strategy uses recursive feature elimination and random forest fusion algorithm to filter evaluation indicators and builds intelligent evaluation indicators for line loss lean management system. Finally, the combination of the indicator system and the evaluation method is applied to the evaluation of line loss management in the municipalities of the China Southern Power Grid Municipal enterprises. The analysis of comparative examples shows that the constructed lean and intelligent evaluation index system has a better prediction accuracy than other methods, and can objectively and reasonably reflect the actual status of line loss management. Also, it can be used as a basis for future line loss management evaluation. It can be used as a decision basis for future line loss management evaluation.
Triptolide (TP), a major extract of the herb
Hook F (TWHF), has been shown to exert potent pharmacological effects, especially an immunosuppressive effect in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis ...(RA). However, its multiorgan toxicity prevents it from being widely used in clinical practice. Recently, several attempts are being performed to reduce TP toxicity. In this review, recent progress in the use of TP for RA, including its pharmacological effects and toxicity, is summarized. Meanwhile, strategies relying on chemical structural modifications, innovative delivery systems, and drug combinations to alleviate the disadvantages of TP are also reviewed. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges and perspectives in their clinical translation.
Anxiety and depression are complications in Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. In this study, we recruited 18 IBS patients with mild-modest anxiety and depression behaviors, and after the ...screening, we defined the FMT treatment group (n = 9) and the control group (n = 9). The IBS symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) and Bristol stool scale (BSS) were evaluated one week before FMT (baseline), one-week-, one-month-, two-month-, and three-month-following FMT. Meanwhile, we determined the SCFAs in the patient's feces and serum and continued the metagenomic analysis of the microorganisms in the patient's feces.
The results showed that the patient's anxiety and depression behavior gradually improved with FMT treatment. Moreover, the illness and quality of life had also been relieved significantly. The content of isovaleric acid and valeric acid was significantly reduced in the FMT group compared to the Col group. Metagenomic analysis showed that FMT treatment decreased the abundance of Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium and Escherichia. From KEGG functional analysis, we confirmed that the top five abundant pathways were "bacterial chemotaxis, "flagellar assembly", "glycine, serine and threonine metabolism", "apoptosis", and "bacterial invasion of epithelial cells".
FMT treatment can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression behaviors of IBS-D patients and reduce the IBS-SSS score, indicating that FMT can improve patients' symptoms. The high throughput sequencing results show that Bifidobacterium and Escherichia play the most critical role in the formation and recovery of IBS-D patients. The GC/MS data indicated that faeces isovaleric acid and valeric acid might be more suitable as a metabolic indicator of IBS-D remission. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900024924, Registered 3 August 2019, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=41676 .
Since its discovery as a third unique gaseous signal molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H
S) has been extensively employed to resist stress and control pathogens. Nevertheless, whether H
S can prevent ...tobacco bacterial wilt is unknown yet. We evaluated the impacts of the H
S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on the antibacterial activity, morphology, biofilm, and transcriptome of R. solanacearum to understand the effect and mechanism of NaHS on tobacco bacterial wilt. In vitro, NaHS significantly inhibited the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum and obviously altered its cell morphology. Additionally, NaHS significantly inhibited the biofilm formation and swarming motility of R. solanacearum, and reduced the population of R. solanacearum invading tobacco roots. In field experiments, the application of NaHS dramatically decreased the disease incidence and index of tobacco bacterial wilt, with a control efficiency of up to 89.49%. The application of NaHS also influenced the diversity and structure of the soil microbial community. Furthermore, NaHS markedly increased the relative abundances of beneficial microorganisms, which helps prevent tobacco bacterial wilt. These findings highlight NaHS's potential and efficacy as a powerful antibacterial agent for preventing tobacco bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum.
Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) is seriously damages the growth of tobacco. There is an urgent need to find a safer and more effective measure to control TBW. In this study, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and ...marigold powder were applied to the tobacco roots alone or in combination, and the potential inhibition of TBW was assessed. On the other hand, the effects of these treatments on soil physicochemical properties, rhizosphere microbial community and soil metabolites were also evaluated. The results showed that the application of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 or marigold powder alone significantly reduced the abundance of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere soil, while the integrated treatment showed the strongest inhibitory effect. Moreover, the integrated treatment can inhibit the secretion of chemoattractants, and affect the change of rhizosphere soil microbial composition. In conclusion, the combination of antagonistic bacteria agent B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 with marigold powder can enhance the suppression of TBW. Furthermore, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold have synergistic effects on suppressing TBW by regulation soil physicochemical properties, soil metabolites and microbial structure. This study provide a promising strategy for TBW control by integrated applying of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold powder.
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Polyps are early symptoms of colorectal cancer and prone to malignant transformation. Polyp segmentation of colonoscopy images can ...help diagnosis. However, existing studies on polyp segmentation of colonoscopy images face two main difficulties: blurry polyp boundaries, close resemblances between polyps and surrounding tissues. The former may lead to partial segmentations, while the latter can result in false positive segmentations. This paper proposes a new polyp segmentation framework to tackle the two challenges. In this method, an uncertainty region based module called Uncertainty eXploration (UnX) is introduced to get the complete polyp region while eliminating the interferences from the backgrounds. Specifically, it refines the feature maps with ternary guidance masks by dividing the initial guidance maps into three types: foreground, background and uncertain region, so that the uncertain areas are highlighted for more foreground objects while the backgrounds are forcefully suppressed to avoid interferences of tissues in background. Taking UnX as side supervision to the transformer encoder based backbone stages, the proposed method can mine the boundary areas from the uncertainty regions gradually and obtain robust polyp segmentation finally. Moreover, a new module called Feature Enhancement (FeE) is also incorporated in the framework to enhance the discrimination for images with significant variation of sizes and shapes of polyps. FeE can supply multi-scale features to the global oriented transformer features. Experiments on five polyp segmentation benchmark datasets of colonoscopy images, Kvasir, CVC-ClinicDB, ETIS, CVC-ColonDB and CVC-300, show the superior performances of our proposed method. Especially, for ETIS, the most challenging among the five datasets, our method achieves 7.7% and 5.6% improvements in mDSC (mean Dice Similarity Coefficient) and mIoU (mean Intersection over Union) respectively in comparison with the state-of-the-arts methods.
Shuhui Li, Tianxue Zhu, Jianying Huang, Qingqing Guo, Guoqiang Chen, Yuekun Lai National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, ...Suzhou, People's Republic of China Abstract: A facile method was developed to endow cotton fabric with remarkable antibacterial and ultraviolet (UV)-protective properties. The flower-like TiO2 micro-nanoparticles were first deposited onto cotton fabric surface via hydrothermal deposition method. Then, the Ag NPs with a high deposition density were evenly formed onto TiO2@cotton surface by sodium hydroxide solution pretreatment and followed by in situ reduction of ANO3. This work focused on the influence of different hydrothermal reaction durations and the concentration of AgNO3 on antibacterial activity against relevant microorganisms in medicine as well as on the UV-blocking property. Ag NPs-loaded TiO2@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Moreover, the as-prepared cotton fabric coated with Ag NPs and TiO2 NPs demonstrated outstanding UV protective ability with a high ultraviolet protection factor value of 56.39. Morphological image of the cells revealed a likely loss of viability as a result of the synergistically biocidal effects of TiO2 and Ag on attached bacteria. These results demonstrate a facile and robust synthesis technology for fabricating multifunctional textiles with a promising biocidal activity against common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Keywords: TiO2 nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles, fabric, antibacterial, UV-shielding, biomedical
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease for premature infants with low body weight. Due to its fragile gut microbiome and successful treatment of fecal microbiota ...transplantation (FMT) for intestinal disease, we aimed to reveal the multiple-omics changes after FMT and/or sulperazone treatment. In this study, 2-week-old newborn rabbits were used to simulate the NEC model and grouped into healthy control, NEC, sulperazone treatment, FTM treatment, and FMT and sulperazone combination treatment. We evaluated the intestinal pathology and survival to define the benefit from each treatment and performed microbiome and transcriptome analysis to reveal the changes in microcosmic level, which could be helpful to understand the pathogenesis of NEC and develop new strategy. We found NEC rabbits benefit more from the combination of FMT and sulperazone treatment. Combination treatment reverses a lot of microorganisms dysregulated by NEC and showed the most similar transcript profiler with healthy control. Moreover, a combination of FMT and sulperazone significantly prolonged the survival of NEC rabbits. Function enrichment showed that metabolism and viral life cycle are the most significant changes in NEC. FMT is a common therapy method for NEC. Meanwhile, in the severe situation of NEC with intestinal infection, the first therapy strategy is preferred the third-generation cephalosporin, among which sulperazone is used widely and the effect is remarkable. So, we used sulperazone to treat the rabbits with the NEC. In this research, we aim to explore the different effects on NEC between FMT and sulperazone as well as the combination. Considering the microbiome and transcriptome result, we make a conclusion that the
Enterococcus
and
Subdoligranulum
benefits NEC by influencing the bacterial phages and butyrate production, respectively.
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