We report on the analysis of the 10-1000 TeV large-scale sidereal anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the data collected by the Tibet Air Shower Array from 1995 October to 2010 February. ...In this analysis, we improve the energy estimate and extend the decl. range down to −30°. We find that the anisotropy maps above 100 TeV are distinct from that at a multi-TeV band. The so-called tail-in and loss-cone features identified at low energies get less significant, and a new component appears at ∼100 TeV. The spatial distribution of the GCR intensity with an excess (7.2 pre-trial, 5.2 post-trial) and a deficit (−5.8 pre-trial) are observed in the 300 TeV anisotropy map, in close agreement with IceCube's results at 400 TeV. Combining the Tibet results in the northern sky with IceCube's results in the southern sky, we establish a full-sky picture of the anisotropy in hundreds of TeV band. We further find that the amplitude of the first order anisotropy increases sharply above ∼100 TeV, indicating a new component of the anisotropy. All these results may shed new light on understanding the origin and propagation of GCRs.
We report results of the most sensitive search to date for periodic gravitational waves from Cassiopeia A, Vela Jr., and G347.3 with frequency between 20 and 1500 Hz. The search was made possible by ...the computing power provided by the volunteers of the Einstein@Home project and improves on previous results by a factor of 2 across the entire frequency range for all targets. We find no significant signal candidate and set the most stringent upper limits to date on the amplitude of gravitational wave signals from the target population, corresponding to sensitivity depths between 54 1/Hz and 83 1/Hz, depending on the target and the frequency range. At the frequency of best strain sensitivity, near 172 Hz, we set 90% confidence upper limits on the gravitational wave intrinsic amplitude of h090%≈10−25, probing ellipticity values for Vela Jr. as low as 3×10−8, assuming a distance of 200 pc.
To investigate the biological role and clinical significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) LINC01116 in breast cancer.
In the public database Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the breast cancer data ...set GSE54002 was screened for differentially expressed lncRNA LINC01116 in breast cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LINC01116 in 64 breast cancer tissues and 30 normal breast tissues. Level of LINC01116 and clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer were statistically analyzed. The effect of LINC01116 in breast cancer cells was investigated after knockdown of LINC01116. Luciferase reporter gene was further used to investigate the mechanism of endogenous RNA (ceRNA).
Results of GSE54002 showed that the expression of LINC01116 in breast cancer tissues was significantly increased. In clinical samples, the level of LINC01116 in patients with breast cancer was significantly increased, which was correlated with the overall survival, tumor size and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage in patients, but not correlated with the age, sex and lymph node metastasis (p>0.05). LINC01116 can act as an endogenous sponge and bind directly to miR-145, resulting in the up-regulation of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), a target gene of miR-145.
LncRNA LINC01116 is highly expressed in breast cancer and is a new prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. Our study establishes a new link between LINC01116, miR-145 and ESR1.
Highlights • RNA-Seq reveals global expression profile of genes in cochlear sensory epithelium. • RNA-Seq data are consistent with qRT-PCR data. • Acoustic trauma induces a widespread change in gene ...expression. • Complement pathway is implicated in cochlear responses to acoustic trauma.
Highlights • XCT790 was applied to the rat traumatic spinal cord injury model. • XCT790 significantly inhibited the expression of ERRα. • XCT790 significantly decreased in VEGF and Ang-2 expression. ...• XCT790 significantly decreased vascular density and endothelial cell proliferation. • ERRα was involved in mediating angiogenesis in a rat traumatic SCI model.
This study evaluated the effects of dietary probiotic supplement and postmortem storage on meat quality of chicken breast during retail display. A total of 35 birds were randomly obtained from 3 ...feeding groups (control without probiotic supplement, 250 ppm Sporulin, and 500 ppm PoultryStar). The probiotic supplement had no influence on feed conversion ratio and body weight gain, as well as body weight at 29 and 44 d (P > 0.05). After slaughter, each side of the breast muscles (M. Pectoralis major) was assigned to either one d or 5 d of postmortem storage. Probiotic supplement had no influence on the rate of pH decline of chicken breast muscles during the initial 6 h postmortem (P > 0.05). No interactions between probiotic supplement and postmortem storage on meat quality were found (P > 0.05). Postmortem storage decreased drip loss from 25.30 to 18.05% (P < 0.05). Probiotics-fed chicken groups, particularly PoultryStar treatment, had a higher myofibrillar fragmentation index than the control group (P < 0.05). However, shear force values were not affected by the probiotic treatments. Decreases in color and lipid stabilities of breast muscles were found during display (P < 0.05), but were not affected by the probiotic supplement (P > 0.05). Our result suggests that probiotic supplement had no adverse impacts on proteolysis and oxidative changes during 5 d postmortem display storage.
The temperature history of the first millennium C.E. is sparsely documented, especially in the Arctic. We present a synthesis of decadally resolved proxy temperature records from poleward of 60°N ...covering the past 2000 years, which indicates that a pervasive cooling in progress 2000 years ago continued through the Middle Ages and into the Little Ice Age. A 2000-year transient climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long-term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation. The cooling trend was reversed during the 20th century, with four of the five warmest decades of our 2000-year-long reconstruction occurring between 1950 and 2000.
Patches of ionization are common in the polar ionosphere, where their motion and associated density gradients give variable disturbances to high-frequency (HF) radio communications, over-the-horizon ...radar location errors, and disruption and errors to satellite navigation and communication. Their formation and evolution are poorly understood, particularly under disturbed space weather conditions. We report direct observations of the full evolution of patches during a geomagnetic storm, including formation, polar cap entry, transpolar evolution, polar cap exit, and sunward return flow. Our observations show that modulation of nightside reconnection in the substorm cycle of the magnetosphere helps form the gaps between patches where steady convection would give a "tongue" of ionization (TOI).
This paper presents the original anisotropy that TeV cosmic rays (CRs) have in the local interstellar medium. This anisotropy is obtained using a method of flux mapping with the Liouville theorem and ...a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) heliosphere model of the electromagnetic field to remove the particle propagation effects hidden in the measurements made by the Tibet ASγ experiment at Earth. The original interstellar anisotropy turns out to be almost a pure dipole, which results from a diffusion flow of CRs escaping along the local interstellar magnetic field into the northern Galactic halo. The observed anisotropy maps at Earth appear quite complex because the heliosphere distorts the dipole anisotropy, generating a significant amount of high-order multipoles, while interstellar magnetic field fluctuations contribute to some weak anisotropy on small angular scales. It is found that the density gradient of these CRs points approximately toward Vela in the Local Bubble, providing experimental evidence to show that the local supernova is making a special contribution to the TeV CRs we see at Earth. This special contribution will keep growing in the future tens of thousand years. The original anisotropy also reveals that the CRs spread from the source primarily along the interstellar magnetic field, while experiencing a nearly isotropic pitch-angle scattering process caused by interstellar turbulence.
Abstract
Relativistic fermions in topological quantum materials are characterized by linear energy–momentum dispersion near band crossing points. Under magnetic fields, relativistic fermions acquire ...Berry phase of
π
in cyclotron motion, leading to a zeroth Landau level (LL) at the crossing point, a signature unique to relativistic fermions. Here we report the unusual interlayer quantum transport behavior resulting from the zeroth LL mode observed in the time reversal symmetry breaking type II Weyl semimetal YbMnBi
2
. The interlayer magnetoresistivity and Hall conductivity of this material are found to exhibit surprising angular dependences under high fields, which can be well fitted by a model, which considers the interlayer quantum tunneling transport of the zeroth LL's Weyl fermions. Our results shed light on the unusual role of zeroth LLl mode in transport.
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