Selected incidents of censorship in the schools are examined in this book, and suggestions are made for preserving students' and teachers' rights. The aim is to offer a calm, rational, informed ...discussion of censorship issues and an awareness of the organization and goals of pressure groups so that censorship efforts can be countered effectively. Chapters of the book consider specific censorship incidents, the targets of the censors, the identification of organized pressure groups that promote censorship, the textbook analysts and their attempts at censorship, the student's right to know, the teacher's right to teach, and ways to protect the rights of students and teachers. (RL)
Charts the battles over public school textbooks and the current targets of textbook protests, particularly secular humanism, new age thinking, and globalism. (SK)
Educators need to become acquainted with the charges leveled by critics of the so-called New Age movement. They also need to be prepared to handle such complaints. References.
IntroductionSurgery remains the mainstay for treatment of primary glioblastoma, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Current standard of care during surgery involves the intraoperative use of ...image-guidance and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). There are multiple other surgical adjuncts available to the neuro-oncology surgeon. However, access to, and usage of these varies widely in UK practice, with limited evidence of their use. The aim of this trial is to investigate whether the addition of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) to the standard of care surgery (intraoperative neuronavigation and 5-ALA) impacts on deterioration free survival (DFS).Methods and analysisThis is a two-stage, randomised control trial (RCT) consisting of an initial non-randomised cohort study based on the principles of the IDEAL (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term follow-up) stage-IIb format, followed by a statistically powered randomised trial comparing the addition of DTI and iUS to the standard of care surgery. A total of 357 patients will be recruited for the RCT. The primary outcome is DFS, defined as the time to either 10-point deterioration in health-related quality of life scores from baseline, without subsequent reversal, progressive disease or death.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was registered in the Integrated Research Application System (Ref: 264482) and approved by a UK research and ethics committee (Ref: 20/LO/0840). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Further dissemination to participants, patient groups and the wider medical community will use a range of approaches to maximise impact.Trial registration numberISRCTN38834571.
Recently, in eastern Tennessee, Thomas Hull ruled that the Hawkins County Public Schools had caused the plaintiff-students to forfeit a free public education and had burdened their right to free ...exercise of religion. The case, "Bob Mozert et al. v. Hawkins County Public Schools et al.," and its implications for education are examined.
An emm32.2 invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) outbreak occurred in Liverpool from January 2010 to September 2012. This genotype had not previously been identified in Liverpool, but was responsible ...for 32% (14/44) of all iGAS cases reported during this time period. We performed a case-case comparison of emm32.2 iGAS cases with non-emm32.2 control iGAS cases identified in the Liverpool population over the same time period to assess patient risk factors for emm32.2 iGAS infection. The emm32.2 iGAS cases were confined to the adult population. We show that homelessness, intravenous drug use, and alcohol abuse predisposed patients to emm32.2 iGAS disease; however, no obvious epidemiological linkage between the patients with emm32.2 iGAS could be identified. Comparative whole-genome sequencing analysis of emm32.2 iGAS and non-emm32.2 control isolates was also performed to identify pathogen factors which might have driven the outbreak. We identified 19 genes, five of which had previously been implicated in virulence, which were present in all of the emm32.2 iGAS isolates but not present in any of the non-emm32.2 control isolates. We report that a novel emm32.2 genotype emerged in Liverpool in 2010 and identified a specific subset of genes, which could have allowed this novel emm32.2 genotype to persist in a disadvantaged population in the region over a 3-year period.
The REGAIN (Regional versus General Anesthesia for Promoting Independence after Hip Fracture) trial found similar ambulation and survival at 60 days with spinal versus general anesthesia for hip ...fracture surgery. Trial outcomes evaluating pain, prescription analgesic use, and patient satisfaction have not yet been reported.
To compare pain, analgesic use, and satisfaction after hip fracture surgery with spinal versus general anesthesia.
Preplanned secondary analysis of a pragmatic randomized trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02507505).
46 U.S. and Canadian hospitals.
Patients aged 50 years or older undergoing hip fracture surgery.
Spinal or general anesthesia.
Pain on postoperative days 1 through 3; 60-, 180-, and 365-day pain and prescription analgesic use; and satisfaction with care.
A total of 1600 patients were enrolled. The average age was 78 years, and 77% were women. A total of 73.5% (1050 of 1428) of patients reported severe pain during the first 24 hours after surgery. Worst pain over the first 24 hours after surgery was greater with spinal anesthesia (rated from 0 no pain to 10 worst pain imaginable; mean difference, 0.40 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.68). Pain did not differ across groups at other time points. Prescription analgesic use at 60 days occurred in 25% (141 of 563) and 18.8% (108 of 574) of patients assigned to spinal and general anesthesia, respectively (relative risk, 1.33 CI, 1.06 to 1.65). Satisfaction was similar across groups.
Missing outcome data and multiple outcomes assessed.
Severe pain is common after hip fracture. Spinal anesthesia was associated with more pain in the first 24 hours after surgery and more prescription analgesic use at 60 days compared with general anesthesia.
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
PDF
