The 2014-2015 Ebola epidemic was considered to be the largest and most complex outbreak, which caused 11,310 reported deaths. The epidemic disease can cause a mental health crisis, however, there is ...only a small amount of scientific literature available related to this health issue so far. We evaluated the psychological symptoms of 161 participants including Ebola survivors and healthcare workers in Sierra Leone, analyzed the impact of job classification, education level on psychological status. We found that the order of total general severity index (GSI) scores from high to low was EVD survivors, SL medical staff, SL logistic staff, SL medical students, and Chinese medical staff. There were 5 dimensions (obsession-compulsion, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and paranoid ideation) extremely high in EVD survivors. GSI were associated with university education negatively. We believed our information is necessary to develop the comprehensive emergency response plan for emerging infectious disease outbreak.
Background/Aims: The alterations of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to multiple diseases. They can be detected in plasma as biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple diseases. In this ...study, we aimed to determine the expression of circulating lncRNAs in human, which may be promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Eight lncRNAs were chosen as candidates on the basis of the literature to evaluate the diagnostic value and accuracy of the plasma lncRNA profiling system. The candidate lncRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR arranged in the training and validation sets. Additional double-blind testing was performed in 20 patients clinically suspected of having HCC. Results: Circulating HULC and Linc00152 were significantly up-regulated in plasma samples of HCC patients during training set and validation set. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the validated two lncRNAs signature were 0.78 and 0.85, respectively. Combination of HULC and Linc00152 possessed a moderate ability to discrimination between HCC and control with an area under ROC value of 0.87 while the combination of AFP was 0.89 with a positive correlation with tissues expression. Conclusions: Our results suggest that both plasma levels of HULC and Linc00152 achieve a fine diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing ontogenesis and metastasis of HCC and may act as novel biomarkers for HCC.
An N,N′‐dioxide/scandium(III) complex catalyzed, highly efficient conjugate addition of malonic esters to enynes is described. A range of trisubstituted 1,2‐allenyl ketones were obtained in high ...yields (up to 99 %) with good d.r. (up to 95/5) and excellent ee values (97 %–99 %). Moreover, the products could be easily transformed into chiral furan and 5‐hydroxypyrazoline derivatives, both of which are important skeletons of many biologically active compounds and pharmacologicals.
An N,N′‐dioxide/ScIII complex catalyzed conjugate addition of malonic esters to enynes is described. A range of trisubstituted 1,2‐allenyl ketones were obtained in high yields with good d.r. and excellent ee values. Moreover, the products could be easily transformed to pharmacologically important chiral furan and 5‐hydroxypyrazoline derivatives.
The PD-1 pathway, consisting of the co-inhibitory receptor PD-1 on T cells and its ligand (PD-L1) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), is a major mechanism of tumor immune evasion. PD-1 and PD-L1 ...blockade antibodies have produced remarkable clinical activities against a subset of cancers. Binding between T cell-intrinsic PD-1 and APC-intrinsic PD-L1 triggers inhibitory signaling to attenuate the T cell response. Here, we report that PD-1 is co-expressed with PD-L1 on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating APCs. Using reconstitution and cell culture assays, we demonstrate that the co-expressed PD-1 binds to PD-L1 in cis. Such interaction inhibits the ability of PD-L1 to bind T cell-intrinsic PD-1 in trans and, in turn, represses canonical PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitory signaling. Selective blockade of tumor-intrinsic PD-1 frees up tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 to inhibit T cell signaling and cytotoxicity. Our study uncovers another dimension of PD-1 regulation, with important therapeutic implications.
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•A subset of tumor cells and infiltrating APCs in NSCLC co-express PD-1 and PD-L1•PD-1 and PD-L1 on the same cell bind in cis with high affinity•PD-1/PD-L1 cis interaction on APCs prevents PD-L1 from triggering T cell PD-1•Selective blockade of tumor intrinsic PD-1 frees up PD-L1 for T cell inhibition
Zhao et al. show that the T cell inhibitory receptor PD-1 expressed on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating APCs neutralizes its ligand, PD-L1, in cis to inhibit canonical PD-1 signaling. Selective blockade of tumor-intrinsic PD-1 frees up tumor PD-L1 for T cell suppression.
•Heat pipe-PVT model was validated.•Annual performance of its building-integrated option was evaluated.•Thermal and electrical efficiencies in Hong Kong are around 35% and 10%.•Overall electricity ...saving is 315kWh/m2·year per facade area.
Heat pipe is a high-efficiency heat transfer device being widely used in solar applications. In this study, an innovative building integrated heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal (BiHP-PVT) system, which offers electricity generation, services water pre-heating, and space air-conditioning load reduction, was investigated. Firstly, a dynamic model was developed for a heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal (HP-PVT) system, and the numerical accuracy was confirmed by experimental validation. Then the annual performance of the BiHP-PVT system was evaluated through a case study in Hong Kong based on the typical weather conditions. The simulation results show that the annual overall heat transmission through the external wall can be reduced to less than a quarter of the normal practice. The annual water heating efficiency and electricity generation efficiency are around 35% and 10% respectively. The overall electricity saving is 315kWh/year per unit façade surface area. In addition to its attractive energy performance, the BiHP-PVT system presents larger climate adaptability.
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the transverse ceiling flame length and the temperature distribution of a sidewall confined tunnel fire. The experiments were conducted in a 1/6th ...scale model tunnel with the fire source placed against the sidewall, 0m, 0.17m and 0.35m above the floor, respectively. Experiments of fire against a wall without a ceiling, 0.35m above the floor in a large space, were also conducted as a control group. Results shows that for small heat release rate (HRR), the flame is lower than the ceiling and extends along the sidewall. With the increase of HRR and elevation of burner height, the flame gradually impinges on the ceiling and spreads out radially along it. The flame impingement condition and the flame shapes of the wall fire with and without ceiling are presented. From the viewpoint of the physical meaning of flame impinging on the ceiling, the horizontal flame length should be a function of the unburned part of the fuel at the impinging point. Based on the proportional relation between the flame volume and HRR, the effective HRR (Qef) at the ceiling is determined and the effective dimensionless HRR, Q*ef is defined to correlate the horizontal ceiling flame length. Additionally, predictive correlations of transverse ceiling temperature distribution are proposed for the continuous flame region, the intermittent flame region and the buoyant plume region under the ceiling, respectively.
•Sidewall confined transverse ceiling flame length and temperature distribution are investigated.•The flame impingement condition and the flame shapes of the wall fire are presented.•The proportional relation between the flame volume and HRR of tunnel wall fire is given.•The effective dimensionless HRR at the ceiling is determined to correlate the ceiling flame length.•Predictive correlations of transverse ceiling temperature distribution are proposed.
Highlights
Ultra-thin CoNiO
2
nanosheet with rich oxygen defects anchored on the vertically arranged Ni nanotube arrays (O
d
-CNO@Ni NTs) is successfully constructed.
The O
d
-CNO@Ni NTs electrode ...delivers extraordinary electrochemical performance.
The theoretical calculations reveal that oxygen defects effectively improve the electrochemical kinetics and the surface electronic state structure of O
d
-CNO @ Ni NTs, thus exhibiting strong OH
−
adsorption capacity.
The alkaline zinc-based batteries with high energy density are becoming a research hotspot. However, the poor cycle stability and low-rate performance limit their wide application. Herein, ultra-thin CoNiO
2
nanosheet with rich oxygen defects anchored on the vertically arranged Ni nanotube arrays (O
d
-CNO@Ni NTs) is used as a positive material for rechargeable alkaline Ni–Zn batteries. As the highly uniform Ni nanotube arrays provide a fast electron/ion transport path and abundant active sites, the O
d
-CNO@Ni NTs electrode delivers excellent capacity (432.7 mAh g
−1
) and rate capability (218.3 mAh g
−1
at 60 A g
−1
). Moreover, our O
d
-CNO@Ni NTs//Zn battery is capable of an ultra-long lifespan (93.0% of initial capacity after 5000 cycles), extremely high energy density of 547.5 Wh kg
−1
and power density of 92.9 kW kg
−1
(based on the mass of cathode active substance). Meanwhile, the theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen defects can enhance the interaction between electrode surface and electrolyte ions, contributing to higher capacity. This work opens a reasonable idea for the development of ultra-durable, ultra-fast, and high-energy Ni–Zn battery.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is well known as the sixth most common malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. LINC00152 was documented as an important long ...non-coding RNA (lncRNA) involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer; however, the detailed mechanism of action of LINC00152 remains unknown. Here, based on the increased level of LINC00152 in HCC tissues, we found that LINC00152 could promote cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, microarray-based analysis indicated that LINC00152 could activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway by binding to the promoter of EpCAM through a cis-regulation, as confirmed by Gal4-λN/BoxB reporter system. Thus, LINC00152 might be involved in the oncogenesis of HCC by activating the mTOR signaling pathway and might be a novel index for clinical diagnosis in the future.
Although use of fenvalerate has increased dramatically over the past decade, little is known about their potential adverse effects on growth and development. The purpose of this study was to examine ...the effects of maternal fenvalerate exposure during pregnancy on growth and neurobehavioral development in the offspring. Pregnant mice were orally administered to fenvalerate (0.2, 2.0, and 20 mg/kg) daily throughout pregnancy. The tests of growth and neurobehavioral development were performed during lactation period. A series of neurobehavioral tasks were carried out from lactation to puberty. Anxiety-related behaviors were evaluated by open-field and elevated plus maze. Morris Water Maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory ability. Results showed that maternal fenvalerate exposure during pregnancy markedly delayed growth development of neonatal offspring during lactation. In addition, anxiety-like behaviors were increased in fenvalerate-exposed male offspring. Moreover, spatial learning and memory was severely impaired in female offspring. Taken together, maternal fenvalerate exposure during pregnancy delayed growth and neurobehavioral development in a gender-dependent manner. Additional study is required to explore the underlying mechanism through which maternal fenvalerate exposure during pregnancy induces impairment of growth and neurobehavioral development.
Two novel bipolar deep‐blue fluorescent emitters, IP‐PPI and IP‐DPPI, featuring different lengths of the phenyl bridge, were designed and synthesized, in which imidazo1,2‐apyridine (IP) and ...phenanthroimidazole (PI) were proposed as an electron acceptor and an electron donor, respectively. Both of them exhibit outstanding thermal stability and high emission quantum yields. All the devices based on these two materials showed negligible efficiency roll‐off with increasing current density. Impressively, non‐doped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on IP‐PPI and IP‐DPPI exhibited external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 4.85 % and 4.74 % with CIE coordinates of (0.153, 0.097) and (0.154, 0.114) at 10000 cd m−2, respectively. In addition, the 40 wt % IP‐PPI doped device maintained a high EQE of 5.23 % with CIE coordinates of (0.154, 0.077) at 10000 cd m−2. The doped device based on 20 wt % IP‐DPPI exhibited a higher deep‐blue electroluminescence (EL) performance with a maximum EQE of up to 6.13 % at CIE of (0.153, 0.078) and maintained an EQE of 5.07 % at 10000 cd m−2. To the best of our knowledge, these performances are among the state‐of‐the art devices with CIEy≤0.08 at a high brightness of 10000 cd m−2. Furthermore, by doping a red phosphorescent dye Ir(MDQ)2 (MDQ=2‐methyldibenzof,hquinoxaline) into the IP‐PPI and IP‐DPPI hosts, high‐performance red phosphorescent OLEDs with EQEs of 20.8 % and 19.1 % were achieved, respectively. This work may provide a new approach for designing highly efficient deep‐blue emitters with negligible roll‐off for OLED applications.
Two bipolar fluorescent emitters IP‐PPI and IP‐DPPI featuring different lengths of the phenyl bridge between imidazo1,2‐apyridine (IP) as electron acceptor and phenanthroimidazole (PI) as electron donor were constructed for high‐performance deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (CIEy≤0.08) with negligible efficiency roll‐off.
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