Honey is a complex mixture of various substances, and its composition depends on both botanical and geographical origin, as well as anthropogenic factors. The accurate identification of honey origin ...guarantees the satisfaction of consumers' needs and has an impact on the honey market value. Physicochemical parameters, some of which are used in routine analysis of honey quality, could be useful for the assessment of its origin. In this review, special attention is paid to those studies that assessed the sugar and mineral composition of honey, whether they were investigated in terms of botanical or geographical origin, or for the characterization of honey type. The oligosaccharides present in honey and the electrical conductivity of honey correlate strongly with its botanical origin. Mineral content could be indicative for distinguishing honeys according to their botanical and geographical origins because it depends on both the soil composition and the floral type of melliferous plants. This review provides insight into the results obtained by various studies from approximately the last 10 years concerning the sugar profile and the mineral and trace element content of different types of honey. An attempt was made to statistically analyze the results regarding mineral and trace element content in order to identify indicators that could distinguish honey by origin.
Urban honey - the aspects of its safety Jovetić, Milica S.; Redžepović, Azra S.; Nedić, Nebojša M. ...
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju,
09/2018, Volume:
69, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
To contribute to the development of urban beekeeping, we designed this study to obtain more information about the contamination of urban bee products with toxic metals, polycyclic aromatic ...hydrocarbons (PAHs), and pesticides. The samples of honey (N=23), pollen (N=13), and floral nectar (N=6) were collected from the experimental stationary apiary of the Belgrade University Faculty of Agriculture located in centre of Zemun (a municipality of the Belgrade metropolitan area) in 2015 and 2016. Metals (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, and Hg) were determined with inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed with high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Pesticides were analysed with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The honey samples were generally within the European and Serbian regulatory limits. The levels of all the 123 analysed pesticides were below the limit of quantification (LOQ). Regarding PAH levels in honey, the highest content was found for naphthalene. The elevated levels of Hg and Cr and of PAHs in the pollen samples indicated air pollution. Pesticide residues in pollen, however, were below the LOQ. In nectar, metal levels were relatively similar to those in honey. Our results suggest that the investigated urban honey meets the regulatory requirements for metals, PAHs, and pesticides and is therefore safe for consumption.
Predmet istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije bila je karakterizacija odabranih uzoraka najzastupljenijih vrsta monofloralnog meda (meda od bagrema, od lipe i od suncokreta) na osnovu njihovog ...mineralnog sastava, kao i klasifikacija i diferencijacija prema njihovom botaničkom i geografskom poreklu primenom hemometrijskih tehnika. Ispitano je ukupno 206 uzoraka pet različitih botaničkih vrsta (162 uzoraka meda od bagrema, 11 uzoraka meda od lipe, 23 uzorka meda od suncokreta, 7 uzoraka meda od uljane repice i 3 uzorka meda od bosiljka), sakupljenih iz šest različitih regiona Srbije.Ova studija je pružila osnovne informacije o sadržaju dvanaest makro i mikroelemenata i elemenata u tragovima (K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Cd, Cr i Ni) u izvornom srpskom medu. Sadržaj metala je određen primenom induktivno spregnute plazme - optičke emisione spektrometrije (ICP – OES). Mineralni markeri za deklarisanje autentičnosti tri glavne vrste monofloralnog meda (bagremovog, lipovog i suncokretovog), u smislu njihovog botaničkog i geografskog porekla, su ustanovljeni primenom hemometrijskih tehnika - analize glavnih komponenata (PCA) i metode delimičnih nаjmаnjih kvаdrаtа sa diskriminantnom analizom (PLS-DA). Najvažniji elementi za diskriminaciju između uzoraka poreklom od ove tri botaničke vrste su kalijum, kalcijum i magnezijum. Na klasifikaciju lipovog meda najveći pozitivan uticaj ima sadržaj kalijuma, dok model za suncokretov med ukazuje na pozitivne vrednosti regresionih koeficijenata za kalcijum i magnezijum, a negativne vrednosti za kalijum. U skladu sa sastavom zemljišta, model za bagremov med naglašava pozitivan uticaj nikla, kobalta, hroma i kadmijuma, a suprotan uticaj kalijuma, kalcijuma i magnezijuma. Mogućnost diferencijacije meda po regionalnom poreklu proverena je na statistički značajnom broju uzoraka meda od bagrema. Dobijeni PCA model je pokazao da prisustvo minerala i elemenata u tragovima u ovoj vrsti meda uglavnom zavisi od same biljne vrste i njene specifične tendencije za bioakumulaciju pojedinih elemenata, a ne od tipa i sastava zemljišta.U okviru ovog rada su predstavljeni i rezultati za sadržaj minerala i metala u tragovima, kao i za osnovne fizičko-hemijske parametre u medu od bosiljka. U ovom medu su najzastupljeniji minerali kalijum, kalcijum i magnezijum, a u odnosu na ostale botaničke vrste sadrži nešto veće količine bakra, kobalta i hroma. S obzirom na odsustvo podataka u raspoloživoj literaturi, rezultati prikazani u ovoj disertaciji, bez obzira na mali broj uzoraka, pružaju jedan od prvih uvida u karakteristike meda od bosiljka kao retke vrste meda.U okviru ove disertacije sprovedeno je jedno od prvih detaljnih ispitivanja meda i polena poreklom iz isključivo gradske sredine. Pored osnovnih fizičko-hemijskih parametara, sadržaj deset metala (Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr i Ni), petnaest policikličnih aromatičnih ugljovodonika (PAH) i ostataka 123 pesticida određen je u 23 uzorka meda, kao i u 16 uzoraka polena. Metali su, osim u uzorcima meda i polena, kvantifikovani i u 6 uzoraka cvetnog nektara. Sadržaj metala je određen primenom induktivno spregnute plazme - masene spektrometrije (ICP-MS). Za određivanje sadržaja PAH je primenjena visokoefikasna tečna hromatografija sa fluorescentnom detekcijom (HPLC-FLD), a za analizu ostataka pesticida primenjena je gasna hromatografija sa masenom spektrometrijom (GC-MS). Prema rezultatima za sadržaj određenih metala utvrđeno je da ispitani urbani med ispunjava zahteve srpske i evropske regulative. Sadržaj 123 analizirana pesticida u medu bio je ispod granice kvantifikacije primenjene metode. Koncentracije PAH su u medu bile ispod maksimalno dozvoljenih količina definisanih za hranu. Kod polena je uočena povećana koncentracija metala, posebno žive i hroma, kao i PAH, što ukazuje na aerozagađenje kojem je polen izložen.
The incidence of contamination of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and milk products samples collected in Serbia was investigated by using the competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ...technique. A total of 1438 samples composed of 678 raw milk, 438 heat treated milk and 322 milk product samples that were analyzed during the period of 2013–2014, including all seasons. The AFM1 levels exceeded the European Union maximum residue permitted amount (EU MRL) in 56.3% raw milk, 32.6% heat treated milk and 37.8% of milk product samples. Milk powders had the highest mean AFM1 concentration (0.847 μg/kg) of all types of milk products examined. Mean concentration of AFM1 in raw milk samples during the period of winter in Serbia was 0.358 μg/kg and did not significantly differ from the mean concentrations of 0.375 μg/kg during the spring. However, the AFM1 raw milk concentration in the summer (0.039 μg/kg) and autumn season (0.103 μg/kg) was significantly lower. Seasonal variation of AFM1 concentrations in heat treated milk samples followed the trend observed in raw milk. Mean raw milk AFM1 concentration has dropped down by 10 fold from 0.314 μg/kg in 2013 to 0.035 μg/kg in 2014. The fraction of raw milk samples exceeding the EU MRL has decreased from 62.3% to 11.5% by the end of 2014.
•Two year survey of AFM1 in milk and milk products with 1438 samples.•Milk powders had the highest mean AFM1 concentration of all types of milk products.•AFM1 concentration higher in winter and spring compared to summer and autumn.•AFM1 concentration dropped down in 2014 compared to 2013.
Glavni cilj ove studije, kao doprinosa razvoju koncepta urbanog pčelarstva, bio je dati informacije o određenim zagađivalima - toksičnim metalima, policikličkim aromatskim ugljikovodicima (PAHs) i ...pesticidima koji bi mogli biti prisutni u pčelinjim proizvodima (med i pelud) isključivo urbanog podrijetla. Uzorci meda (23), peludi (13) i cvjetnog nektara (6) iz 2015. i 2016. godine dobiveni su iz eksperimentalnog stacionarnog pčelinjaka Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u središtu Zemuna (Beograd). Sadržaj metala (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr i Hg) određen je pomoću induktivno spregnute plazme kvadrupolske masene spektrometrije (ICP-QMS). Policiklički aromatski ugljikovodici analizirani su tekućinskom kromatografijom visokog učinka uz fluorescentnu detekciju (HPLC-FLD). Pesticidi su analizirani plinskom kromatografijom s masenom spektrometrijom (GC-MS). Uzorci meda ispunjavali su europske i srbijanske službene propise vezane za najveće dopuštene količine određenih metala. Koncentracija 123 analizirana pesticida bila je ispod granice kvantifikacije (LOQ). Što se tiče sadržaja PAH u medu, najveća koncentracija pronađena je za naftalen. Povišene vrijednosti za neke metale (Hg, Cr) i PAH u uzorcima peludi upozoravaju na onečišćenje zraka kojem je pelud izložen. Što se tiče ostataka pesticida u peludi, oni su bili ispod LOQ-a. Sadržaj metala u nektaru bio je do određene mjere sličan onomu u medu. Općenito se može zaključiti da je ispitani med s urbanoga područja u pogledu sadržaja metala, PAH i pesticida u skladu s europskim i srbijanskim propisima.
Amino acids profile of Serbian unifloral honeys Kecke, Jelena; Trifkovic, Jelena; Andric, Filip ...
Journal of the science of food and agriculture,
10/2013, Volume:
93, Issue:
13
Journal Article
Various types of wheat bread are present in the Serbian market: white, brown, whole-wheat, wheat/rye, buckwheat/wheat, half-white, and corn/wheat bread. This research included the quantification of ...the content of total fiber, fiber fractions, and microelements (manganese, copper, iron, and zinc) in order to check whether the breads on the market contain the amounts that are proven beneficial for health. The aim was also to determine the contribution of these nutrients through the consumption of bread to the recommended daily intake. The results show that the bread from the Serbian market contains a large amount of arabinoxylan (1.2-2.6 g 100 g-1) and that wheat/rye, brown, and whole wheat bread are sources of dietary fiber (4.0- 4.6 g 100 g-1). Also, an important result is that all types of bread except white, contain more than 15 % of dietary reference values for copper and manganese. The intake of total fiber (+100 %), arabinoxylan (+117 %), copper (+118 %), and manganese (+85 %) increases by replacing white bread with whole wheat bread, therefore it is of great interest to raise awareness among consumers about the beneficial foods that should be included in the diet. Methods applied in this research showed acceptable precision and accuracy and also proved to be quite simple for routine analysis work.
The main objective of this study was to assess the exposure associated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) of the adult population in Serbia from consumption of milk and dairy products. This assessment was ...performed using concentration values of AFM1 in raw milk (385 samples) and dairy products (556 samples) based on the analyses conducted in the period between 2015 and 2018. In parallel, a dairy products consumption survey was completed during 2018 based on ‘one-day’ and ‘seven-day’ recall methods. In order to estimate the intake of AFM1 from the consumption of dairy products for both recall methods, a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted. The study revealed that pasteurized milk and yogurt are dairy products mostly consumed by the Serbian adult population. Estimated daily intake of AFM1 was in the range of 62–74 × 10−3 ng/kg bw/day, depending on the recall methods and scenarios employed. Although the results show moderate exposure risks compared to similar studies worldwide, climatic conditions and weather extremes that have occurred recently may have negatively influenced the contamination of feed and, consequently, AFM1 contamination of milk. As a result, it is justifiable to promote continuous monitoring in feed and dairy supply chains in Serbia and provide an update of exposure assessment.
The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative exposure assessment of fish‐borne histamine, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in the Serbian adult population. The consumption survey of fish/fishery ...products was administered to 1 000 respondents during 2018. Determination of histamine content was performed on 974 fish; cadmium on 1 909, mercury on 1 911 and arsenic on 1 891 fish and seafood samples during five years (2014–2018). Monte Carlo analysis was used to estimate the intake of histamine/heavy metals from consumption of fish. The mean estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of fish‐borne histamine, cadmium, mercury and arsenic by the Serbian adult population were 0.0274 mg kg−1 bw/day, 0.0347 μg kg−1 bw/day, 0.2426 μg kg−1 bw/day and 0.5576 μg kg−1 bw/day, respectively. Due to consumption of fish/seafood, 0.04% of the Serbian population are exposed to histamine, 0.05% to cadmium, 15.42% to mercury and 1.24% to arsenic levels over their respective thresholds.
Small fractions of the Serbian population are exposed to histamine (0.04%), arsenic (1.24%) and cadmium (0.05%) levels over the threshold dose due to fish consumption. Highest exposure, with over 15% of the Serbian population, is to mercury levels over the threshold dose exclusively because of fish and fish products diet.
The aim of this study was the investigation of water, sediments and fish tissues contamination with heavy metals. All samples were taken from the Danube River in Belgrade region, a location upstream ...from Batajnica. Concentrations of Cd, Hg and Pb in water samples were not detected, while concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu and As were in the range of 0.004 - 0.330 mg L
. Iron was the most deposited metal in sediment samples in contrast to water samples where all investigated metals were detected. For the purpose of heavy metals determination in fresh fish tissue, fifteen samples of three different fish species, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and wels catfish (Silurus glanis) were collected. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Hg were determined in the digestive tract, liver and muscle by absorption spectroscopy. The highest concentration of Pb was in the digestive tract in all three fish species, ranging from 0.036 to 1.518 μg g
, while Cd was mostly deposited in the liver. Concentrations of As were in the range of 0.36 - 0.73 μg g
in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, 0.013 - 0.18 μg g
in Cyprinus carpio and 0.003 - 0.005 μg g
in Silurus glanis tissues, while the content of Hg was equal in all tested tissues of carp. Concentrations of all metals were found to be present in the fish samples at different levels, but these values are under the maximum residual levels prescribed by the European Union (EU) and the maximum allowed concentrations (MAC) for Serbia, so the fish meat is acceptable for the human consumption.
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