The dependence on natural resources exports and its effects on economic growth represent one of the fields of study in political economy. This paper represents an empiric analysis of sets of ...macroeconomic data for several Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Data was analysed for Bahrain, Barbados, and the Dominican Republic. This paper searches for the potential mechanism of transmission of the resource curse. The countries which were selected are dependent upon either tourism as a source of revenue, natural resources or are to a degree dependent upon both. In order to avoid potential problems from using cross-section data, individual time series analysis methods were used. By using a Vector Autoregressive framework, this paper concludes that there is evidence of both direct transmission from natural capital towards economic growth, as well as indirect transmission through political instability and increased level of corruption. These finding are overall conclusive with the previous works discussing the research curse hypothesis. The key policy recommendation is ensuring that funds obtained from the exploiting of resources or tourism are used to develop a more stable and long-term sustainable economy.
This paper considers the relevance of a nexus of variables relevant to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, as well as accomplishing the goals of the Paris ...Agreement. It empirically considers the 28 European Union (EU) member states, dividing them into three panels based upon the time of their accession to full EU membership. The empirical analysis consists of unit root tests, a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) framework, Granger causality test, and diagnostic tests. Based upon the empirical results, there are significant differences between the post-transitional and original EU member states. This difference is most notable in the fact that only in the panel of countries that have acceded to the EU after 2004 there is a statistically significant link between energy consumption and the greenhouse gas emission. We therefore conclude that while not all EU member states exhibit signs of environmental imbalances, there still are significant differences between the EU 15 and the states that have acceded to full membership after 2004.
Rad tematizira ulogu kulture u brendiranju i gospodarskom razvoju gradova na primjeru grada Varaždina, budući da je fenomen brendiranja postao nezaobilazan u jačanju prepoznatljivosti pojedinih ...destinacija, razvoju njihove turističke ponude, privlačenju ulaganja, posjetitelja, pa i novih stanovnika. Proces brendiranja polazi od istraživanja interne javnosti i potencijalnih gostiju te kreiranja vizije budućnosti, kombinirajući komunikacijske i marketinške strategije s kulturnom i kreativnom industrijom. U tom kontekstu rad polazi od pitanja – je li kulturna ponuda ključni adut grada Varaždina te može li kulturni turizam postati pokretačka snaga gospodarskog razvoja grada Varaždina, odnosno, temeljna odrednica brendiranja grada. Rad analizira reputaciju najpoznatijeg varaždinskog festivala Špancirfesta te istražuje mogućnosti koje grad ima na raspolaganju u smislu stvaranja novog brenda. Naglašava važnost infrastrukture kao preduvjeta razvoja turističke ponude te ističe kulturni turizam kao identitetsku
okosnicu te ključni element promocije i gospodarskog razvoja grada Varaždina. Provedeno istraživanje potvrđuje kako upravo kulturni turizam može biti polazna osnova u brendiranju grada Varaždina te snažna odrednica gospodarskog razvoja.
Freshwater biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services are changing at an unprecedented rate due to the impacts of vast number of stressors overlapping in time and space. Our study aimed at ...characterizing individual and combined impacts of pollution with pharmaceuticals (PhACs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and increased water temperature (as a proxy for climate change) on primary producers and first level consumers in freshwaters. We conducted a microcosm experiment with a simplified freshwater food web containing moss (Bryophyta) and shredding caddisfly larvae of Micropterna nycterobia (Trichoptera). The experiment was conducted with four treatments; control (C), increased water temperature + 4 °C (T2), emerging contaminants' mix (EC = 15 PhACs & 5 EDCs), and multiple stressor treatment (MS = EC + T2). Moss exhibited an overall mild response to selected stressors and their combination. Higher water temperature negatively affected development of M. nycterobia through causing earlier emergence of adults and changes in their lipidome profiles. Pollution with PhACs and EDCs had higher impact on metabolism of all life stages of M. nycterobia than warming. Multiple stressor effect was recorded in M. nycterobia adults in metabolic response, lipidome profiles and as a decrease in total lipid content. Sex specific response to stressor effects was observed in adults, with impacts on metabolome generally more pronounced in females, and on lipidome in males. Thus, our study highlights the variability of both single and multiple stressor impacts on different traits, different life stages and sexes of a single insect species. Furthermore, our research suggests that the combined impacts of warming, linked to climate change, and contamination with PhACs and EDCs could have adverse consequences on the population dynamics of aquatic insects. Additionally, these findings point to a potential decrease in the quality of resources available for both aquatic and potentially terrestrial food webs.
Display omitted
•Warming was a dominant stressor for development-related traits of the caddisfly.•Negative effects of warming on lipids were increased by presence of PhACs & EDCs.•Pollution with PhACs & EDCs has higher impact on caddisfly metabolism than warming.•Trait-, sex- and life stage-specific responses to multiple stressors were observed.•Impacts of warming and PhACs & EDCs cross the aquatic-terrestrial interface.
