In cold severe area, the exterior layers of building envelope usually experience seasonal freezing/thawing in winter. However, it would lead to severe problems especially in the newly completed ...building. In order to analyze the drying of envelope on building initial use, the heat and moisture coupled transfer of building envelope in severe cold area Harbin, China was simulated. The modeled result was analyzed. It is concluded that the drying rate of the newly completed building envelope is significantly high in the first year, especially in the first few months. Insulation performance of the wall in the first winter is most serious due to the high initial moisture and freezing ice content in insulation layer. For the simulated envelope, the freezing of the moisture content especially that in insulation layer had notable effect on heat transfer coefficient (thermal resistance), and the maximum of modeled envelope heat transfer coefficient in the first year winter is about 7% higher than that in the tenth year, which is taken as final hygral state. Some parameters as apparent density, specific heat, average thermal diffusivity, heat storage coefficient and thermal inertia index, which were always considered as constants for a fixed building envelope are also changed with the heat and mass transfer of building envelope.
Solar assisted ground-source heat pump (SAGSHP) heating system with latent heat energy storage tank (LHEST) is investigated. The mathematical model of the system is developed, and the transient ...numerical simulation is carried out in terms of this model. The operation characteristic of the heating system is analyzed during the heating period in Harbin (N45.75°, E126.77°). From the results of the simulation, the average coefficient of performance (COP) of the heating system is 3.28 in heating period. In the initial and latter heating period, the COP of the heating system is higher, and the highest value is 5.95, because the system can be operated without heat pump. During the middle heating period the COP of the heating system and the operation stability of the system are improved due to solar energy and soil alternately or together as the heat source of heat pump. LHEST is a very important role in operation of the system. The system can be operated more flexibly, effectively, and stably by the charge and discharge heat of LHEST, and the effect becomes especially obvious in the initial and latter heating period.
► The coupling transfer of heat and moisture in building envelope was modeled to accurately predict the hygrothermal states of building envelope. ► The permeability and freezing of the liquid water ...in porous building material were considered in the modeling. ► An experimental set-up was built to verify the model, and good agreements were obtained.
Newly completed building envelope is always characterized by high initial moisture content, and so the liquid moisture permeability is the main feature of mass transferring on its initial use. The high initial moisture content has strong impact on indoor condition and energy consumption especially in severe cold area where the moisture freezing in building envelope would occur in winter. Therefore, accurately predicting the hygrothermal states of building envelope to obtain useful envelope parameters is very important. In order to analyze the moisture transferring performance of enclosure on building initial use in severe cold area, the paper studied the coupling transfer of heat and moisture in building envelope. The permeability and freezing of the liquid water in porous building material were considered. The moisture content gradient was used as mass transfer driving force, and the temperature gradient was used as heat transfer driving forces. Heat and moisture coupled transfer conservation equations on different transferring conditions were built. An experimental set-up was built to verify the model, and good agreements were obtained, which suggests that the model can be used to simulate the heat and moisture coupled transfer in newly completed building envelope of severe cold area.
In initial used building with EPS walls, the wall still contains a considerable amount of water that evaporates over time. In order to analyze the effect of moisture levels on a drying building ...energy performance, the heat and moisture coupling transfer of building wall with multilayer composition in the cold serious area Harbin, China, was simulated. The freezing of liquid moisture in exterior envelope was considered and the moisture content gradient was used as mass transfer driving forces. The effect of some impact factors, as initial moisture content, vapor retarder, interior wallpaper and exterior glazed brick on the wall energy consumption were also analyzed. It is concluded that the effect of drying are most significant during the first year of building initial use. The drying rate of the new building was significantly high in the first year, especially in the first few months. These changes during initial drying often account for a significant fraction of the overall load and have notable effect on the building energy performance.
To investigate the anticancer effects of Jinlong capsule (JLC) against human glioblastoma cells and the possible underlying mechanism.
Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assay were adopted for ...the analysis of cell viability. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated by transwell and wound healing assays. Then, the expression level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), S6 and phosphorylated S6 (p-S6) were determined by western blotting.
The results showed that JLC significantly inhibited human glioblastoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration in a dose-dependent manner. The expressions of p-mTOR and p-S6 were dramatically suppressed by JLC. Furtherly, inhibition of mTOR reduced the cell migration and invasion, while the mTOR agonist (MHY1485) could partially reverse the anti-migration and anti-invasion activity of JLC.
The above results suggested that JLC would be a potential candidate for the treatment of glioblastoma.
We established a glioma biobank at Beijing Tiantan Hospital in November, 2010. Specialized residents have been trained to collect, store and manage the biobank in accordance with standard operating ...procedures.
One hundred samples were selected to evaluate the quality of glioma samples stored in the liquid nitrogen tank during different periods (from 2011 to 2015) by morphological examination, RNA integrity determination, DNA integrity determination and housekeeping gene expression determination.
The majority of samples (95%) had high RNA quality for further analysis with RIN ≥6. Quality of DNA of all samples were stable without significant degradation.
Storage conditions of our biobank are suitable for long-term (at least five years) sample preservation with high molecular quality.
Hygroscopic material can moderate the indoor humidity variation due to its moisture buffering effect. This effect would change when used as interior finish mainly due to air exchange and wall ...moisture transfer. The author focused on clarifying the extent of the wall'’s influence on indoor moisture buffering and building humidity environment. A room model was established and the situation of no wall moisture transfer was simulated by adding a vapour barrier between the interior finish and the wall. Comparing this result with wall moisture transfer, the moisture buffering effect of the wall can be quantitatively analysed. The results verify that the buffering effect and the humidity environment, especially the seasonal buffering, change with the wall moisture transfer. The wall has great impacts on buffering in the cases of thin interior finish, high moisture production and low ventilation. Because the layer under the hygroscopic material also has buffering capacity, the difference of using various thicknesses of material is not obvious. Frequent ventilation reduces the buffering effect but improves the RH optimality.
Nanocomposites of SnO2 and polythiophene (PTP) were synthesized by the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. These nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, transmission electron ...microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) techniques, which proved the polymerization of thiophene monomer and the strong interaction between polythiophene and SnO2. The composites were used for gas sensing to methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), acetone, and NOx at different working temperature. It was found that PTP/SnO2 materials with different PTP mass percent (1%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 30%) could detect NOx with very higher selectivity and sensitivity at much lower working temperature than the reported SnO2. The PTP/SnO2 nanocomposites responded to NOx at concentration as low as 10 ppm. PTP/SnO2 composite containing 5 mass% PTP showed the highest sensitivity at room temperature. The sensing mechanism of PTP/SnO2 nanocomposites to NOx was presumed to be the effects of p-n heterojunction between PTP and SnO2.
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