Abstract
Background and purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine generational differences and leadership style preferences in service and manufacturing organizations in south-eastern (SE) ...Slovenia. The focus was on preferred leadership approaches and generational differences.
Methods
Quantitative research was conducted using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to collect data on a sample of 208 employees in manufacturing and service organizations in SE Slovenia. The questionnaire was distributed online and responses were analysed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, and the Kruskal Wallis test.
Results
The results showed that the transformational leadership style was most preferred by the respondents, followed by the transactional and the least preferred was the laissez-faire style. A significant generational difference was found in the preference for the transactional leadership style, with Baby Boomers showing the highest preference and Generation Z the lowest.
Conclusion
Although the study was limited to SE Slovenia and generalizability is limited, the results suggest that organizations should provide leadership training adapted to generational preferences to promote effective leadership. Future research should consider longitudinal and sector-specific studies, as well as the inclusion of variables such as cultural background and organizational culture.
Raziskovalno vprašanje (RV): Kako lahko gospodinjstva in podjetja optimalno izkoristijo sončno energijo v hibridnih sistemih s hranilniki električne energije ali brez njih, ob upoštevanju novega ...pet-tarifnega sistema za obračunavanje električne energije v Sloveniji, z namenom zmanjšanja stroškov in izboljšanja energetske učinkovitosti? Namen: Pokazati želimo vidik optimalne izrabe energije v gospodinjstvu ob izrabi energije iz sonca, upoštevajoč nov časovni blok in obračunavanje po njem. Metoda: Teoretično preučimo relevantno literaturo ter pokažemo obračunano električno energijo, ki je pridobljena 100 % iz sonca, upoštevajoč časovni blok in ne upoštevajoč časovnega bloka. Rezultati: Rezultati pokažejo, da bo v bodoče potrebno prilagajati v gospodinjstvu vso porabo premišljeno, da se bomo izognili plačevanju po višji tarifi. Mesečni stroški dogovorjene moči so glede na analize 31,73 % nižji, če odjemalec pridobiva sončno energijo in ima umeščen hranilnik električne energije ter pametno tehnologijo, v primerjavi z odjemalcem, ki omenjenega hranilnika nima. Z analizo pokažemo, da je letni strošek upoštevajoč vse navedene predpostavke po novem modelu obračuna za 26,94 % višji pri prvem odjemalcu v primerjavi z drugim odjemalcem, ki se s pomočjo pametne tehnologije in hranilnika električne energije prilagaja novemu časovnemu bloku in optimalno načrtuje porabo energije. Odjemalci brez hranilnika imajo strošek omrežnine za prenos energije v višini 125,42 euro za 10 MWh, z vključenim optimalnim hranilnikom lahko tudi na strošku prenosa energije odjemalec privarčuje (tabela 3), saj je ob 50 % manjšem pretoku energije skozi omrežje, posledično nastane polovico manj stroškov. Ugotavljamo, da bo omrežnina za prenos energije predstavljala občutno manjši delež finančne obremenitve za odjemalca kot sedaj. Večji poudarek pri končnem obračunu omrežnine in posledično strošek odjemalca predstavlja dogovorjena moč. Organizacija: Raziskava ponuja dragocene vpoglede za menedžerje in organizacije v smislu optimalne rabe sončne energije v hibridnih sistemih. Z vpeljavo pametnih tehnologij in hranilnikov električne energije lahko organizacije zmanjšajo stroške ter bolje upravljajo s časovnimi bloki, kar prispeva k povečani energetski učinkovitosti. Družba: Vpliv raziskave na družbo izhaja iz spodbujanja trajnostnih praks in zmanjševanja obremenitve omrežja. Z uvajanjem sončnih tehnologij in pametnega upravljanja z energijo se spodbuja odgovorno ravnanje z viri ter zmanjšuje okoljski odtis, kar prispeva k družbeni odgovornosti in trajnostnemu razvoju. Originalnost: Prispevek je originalen v vidiku analize vpliva hibridnih sistemov na stroške in učinkovitost, še posebej ob upoštevanju novih časovnih blokov za obračun električne energije. Poudarek na pametni tehnologiji, hranilnikih električne energije in njihovem vplivu na stroške ter omrežje prinaša nove aspekte k razumevanju optimalne izrabe sončne energije. Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskovanje: Omejitve raziskave vključujejo specifičnost obravnavane tarifne sheme, ki velja za slovenski prostor ter splošnost rezultatov glede na različne pogoje. Nadaljnje raziskovanje bi se lahko osredotočilo na razširitev analize na več regij in vključitev drugih energetskih virov ter upoštevanje različnih velikosti organizacij.
The study investigated the impact of intergenerational differences on knowledge transfer among engineers in large Slovenian production organizations.
Using the Delphi method, experts answered ...open-ended questions. The process concluded with a consensus reached in the third round. The resulting questionnaire was then administered to engineers of all ages working in large production organizations.
The experts’ responses indicated that intergenerational differences are most prominent in the workplace in terms of computer literacy and the use of information and communications technology. Effective employee engagement, including exemplary leadership, a system of mentoring and reverse mentoring, and a supportive organizational culture, was found to enhance the flow of knowledge transfer. Statistical analysis revealed that there are statistically significance intergenerational differences in knowledge transfer among engineers in large production organizations (p < 0.001).
The study’s findings suggest that recognizing intergenerational differences and fostering the abilities of employees can contribute to organizational success. However, the study is limited to engineers in large production organizations in Slovenia. Future research should explore organizations in a wider geographical area and across different sectors.
Raziskovalno vprašanje (RV): Kako dejavnik zaupanje spodbuja in vpliva na izmenjavo znanja zaposlenih v organizaciji? Namen: V članku nameravamo predstaviti, kako dejavnik zaupanje vpliva ali ...spodbuja izmenjavo znanja v organizaciji. Nameravamo proučiti obstoječe raziskave s področja zaupanja med zaposlenimi in vplivanje le tega na izmenjavo znanja ter spodbude in posledice izmenjave znanja, ki so na delovnem mestu v EU in ZDA. Metoda: Pregled obstoječih znanstvenih raziskav smo opravili po smernicah integrativnega pregleda literature. Po ključnih besedah smo iskali preko baz: ABI/INFORM, Business Source Premier, dLIB, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer Link, Web of Science in smo s ključnimi besedami povezanimi z izmenjavo znanja in zaupanjem v organizaciji pridobili 23 člankov. V pregled smo vključili članke, ki so stari 10 let ali mlajši in so objavljeni v indeksiranih revijah s faktorjem vpliva nad 1, vzorec v raziskavah se nanaša na delovno populacijo v gospodarstvu, raziskave so opravljene z vzorcem iz EU in ZDA, upoštevajo se samo kvantitativne, kvalitativne in mešane metode ter članki objavljeni v angleškem oziroma slovenskem jeziku. Rezultati: Skozi integrativni pregled člankov, kjer so bile raziskave opravljene smo preučevali spodbude za izmenjavo znanja, zaupanje, izmenjavo znanja, posledice izmenjave znanja. Ugotovili smo, da je v EU in ZDA najpomembneje, da je v organizaciji prisotna organizacijska kultura med zaposlenimi, ki spodbudi zaupanje na spoznanju in čustvih ter vodi v izmenjavo implicitnega in izrecnega znanja. To pa v intenzivnem okolju pripomore, da se organizacija odzove na spremembe, ker ustvarja novo znanje, je inovativna in konkurenčna. Organizacija in družba: Omenjeni pregled člankov in ugotovitve pripomorejo v organizaciji, predvsem voditeljem, da strmijo k ustvarjanju organizacijske kulture na nivoju, ki med zaposlenimi ustvarja zaupanje, ki vodi v izmenjavo znanja in ustvarjanje novega znanja, s ciljem biti in delovati v spremenljivem okolju inovativno in konkurenčno. Originalnost: Raziskava ponuja neposredne zbrane ugotovitve iz EU in ZDA, katere so spodbude za izmenjavo znanja, pomen dejavnika zaupanje pri izmenjavi in posledice izmenjave znanja in ustvarjanja znanja za organizacijo.. Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskovanje: Raziskava je omejena, saj bi bilo lahko preučenih več člankov iz različnih regij in tudi za daljše časovno obdobje. Hkrati pa bi lahko upoštevali tudi druge dejavnike, ki pripomorejo ali pa zavirajo izmenjavo znanja. Tako bi prišli do boljšega in celovitejšega pogleda na problematiko vpliva različnih dejavnikov na izmenjavo znanja.
Is stress among teachers present or not, what are the relationships between the causes of stress, identifying stress and stress management and the impact on the quality of education. The purpose and ...the focus of the research is to determine the presence of stress or stress load with teachers at the vocational secondary school; the purpose was to also determine the largest causes, how to recognize and control them. By reading the literature, answers were found that stress is present everywhere in our life and there are many causes for them. The aim of research study is achieved by doing a qualitative study in vocational secondary schools where teachers are participants in the interview. All eight of the interview participants responded that stress is present. As a reason for stress, five of the participants stated that the reason was due to changes at work, poor discipline of students, and poor teacher student relationships. With two participants, an important cause of stress is talking with parents about problematic students. Three participants identified stress as irritability and agitation, five participants as being tired and low concentration in equal ratios. They control stress with sports or talking in equal ratios. The contribution of the research study is important for management as answers on possible reasons for frequent sick leaves may be determined in a given period of the school year and leads to reflection of any possible preventive measures to reduce stress activity. The findings of the research study are important for society as a whole. Stress experienced by secondary school teachers are seen as fatigue, irritability and agitation that consequently can lead towards poor quality of teaching and thus long-term impact on the whole environment. The research was conducted in four vocational secondary schools, i.e., mechanical engineering, civil engineering, electric, and health care. These new findings identify the causes of stressful situations that occur most often because of changes and innovations as well as the poor discipline of students in these schools. The study was conducted in the above-mentioned vocational secondary schools, eight teachers interviewed. In the future it would be necessary to investigate when the number of sick leaves is at its maximum and if that is due to stress.
PDF