Abstract
To reveal the origins of diffuse H
α
emissions observed around the Herbig star MWC 1080, we have performed a high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic observation using the Immersion ...Grating Infrared Spectrograph. In the NIR
H
and
K
bands, we detected various emission lines (six hydrogen Brackett lines, seven H
2
lines, and an Fe
ii
line) and compared their spatial locations with the optical (H
α
and S
ii
) and radio (
13
CO and CS) line maps. The shock-induced H
2
and Fe
ii
lines indicate the presence of multiple outflows, consisting of at least three associated young stars in this region. The kinematics of H
2
and Fe
ii
near the northeast (NE) cavity edge supports the idea that the NE main outflow from MWC 1080A is the blueshifted one with a low inclination angle. The H
2
and Fe
ii
lines near the southeast molecular region newly reveal that additional highly blueshifted outflows originate from other young stars. The fluorescent H
2
lines were found to trace photodissociation regions formed on the cylindrical surfaces of the main outflow cavity, which are expanding outward with a velocity of about 10–15 km s
−1
. For the H
α
emission, we identify its components associated with two stellar outflows and two young stars in addition to the dominant component of MWC 1080A scattered by dust. We also report a few faint H
α
features located ∼0.4 pc away in the southwest direction from MWC 1080A, which lie near the axes of the NE main outflow and one of the newly identified outflows.
Maritime transportation is an economic form of mass transportation, but it is associated with significant energy consumption and pollutant emissions. External forces such as tidal currents, waves, ...and wind strongly influence the energy efficiency of ships. The effective management of external forces can save energy and reduce emissions. This study presents a method to build an optimal speed adjustment plan for a ship to navigate a given route. The method takes a dynamic programming (DP)-based approach to finding such an optimal plan to utilize external forces. To estimate the speed changes caused by external forces, the proposed method uses the mapping information from a combined database of ship status, marine environmental conditions, and speed changes. For the efficient manipulation of externally forced speed-change information, we used MapReduce-based operations that can handle big data and support the easy retrieval of associated data in specific situations. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method, we applied it to real navigation situations in the southwestern sea of the Korean Peninsula. In the simulation experiments, we used real automatic identification system data and marine environmental data. The proposed method built more efficient speed adjustment plans than the fixed-speed navigation in terms of energy savings and pollutant emission reduction. The results also showed that the speed adjustment exploits external forces in a beneficial manner.
IntroductionThere is an increased demand for services for hospitalised older patients with acute medical conditions due to rapidly ageing population. The COMPrehensive geriatric AsseSSment and ...multidisciplinary team intervention for hospitalised older adults (COMPASS) study will test the effectiveness of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and multidisciplinary intervention by comparing it with conventional care among acute hospitalised older adults in Korea.Methods and analysisA multicentre trial within a cohort comprising three substudies (randomised controlled trials) will be conducted. The intervention includes CGA and CGA-based multidisciplinary interventions by physicians (geriatricians, oncologists), nurses, nutritionists and pharmacists. The multidisciplinary intervention includes nutritional support, medication review and adjustment, rehabilitation, early discharge planning and prevention of geriatric syndromes (falls, delirium, pressure sore and urinary retention). The analysis will be based on an intention-to-treat principle. The primary outcome is living at home 3 months after discharge. In addition to assessing the economic effects of the intervention, a cost-utility analysis will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committees of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and each study site. The study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Subgroup and further in-depth analyses will subsequently be published.Trial registration numberKCT0006270.
This study developed and validated a risk-scoring model, with a particular emphasis on medication-related factors, to predict emergency department (ED) visits among older Korean adults (aged 65 and ...older) undergoing anti-neoplastic therapy. Utilizing national claims data, we constructed two cohorts: the development cohort (2016-2018) with 34,642 patients and validation cohort (2019) with 10,902 patients. The model included a comprehensive set of predictors: demographics, cancer type, comorbid conditions, ED visit history, and medication use variables. We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to refine and select the most relevant predictors. Out of 120 predictor variables, 12 were integral to the final model, including seven related to medication use. The model demonstrated acceptable predictive performance in the validation cohort with a C-statistic of 0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.77), indicating reasonable calibration. This risk-scoring model, after further clinical validation, has the potential to assist healthcare providers in the effective management and care of older patients receiving anti-neoplastic therapy.
Since the advent of high speed communications and reliable computing devices, it is indispensable to study how to process information and computations appropriately to deal with the requested tasks. ...In particular, for task-oriented environment, the virtual emotion informatics can be deliberated, which covers a series of detection, data sharing, transmission, governance, and management supported by numerous heterogeneous devices. In this study, we design a task-oriented surveillance framework for virtual emotion informatics through a cooperation of mobile robots and smart UAVs in polygon spaces. The devised framework essentially provides task-oriented virtual emotion security for the promising virtual emotion informatics. Also, we make a formal definition of the problem which pursues to minimize the number of system devices such that task-oriented virtual emotion security is satisfied in polygon spaces. To solve the problem, three different schemes are proposed and are performed through expansive simulations with various settings and scenarios in polygon spaces. Then their performances are evaluated with detailed discussions. In addition, we suggest promising research challenges and open issues toward new frontiers in virtual emotion informatics and its applications.
The first enhanced geothermal system (EGS) project in South Korea was initiated in Pohang in 2010, and the induced microseismicity has been regarded as a key component. This study presents a regional ...case study of geothermal energy development in South Korea focusing on a comprehensive protocol that addresses induced microseismicity. The protocol essentially follows the seven steps suggested by the U. S. Department of Energy with necessary site-specific adjustments and improvements. The site selection procedure, outreach program, establishment of a local seismic network, and the methodology of establishing a traffic light system are introduced along with an analysis of induced microseismicity from the first hydraulic stimulation campaign. The equation for estimating vibration due to blasting was converted to an equation that relates peak ground velocity (PGV) to magnitude by using conversion equations between the amount of explosives, the magnitude of the earthquake and the radiated energy. A site-specific traffic light system is suggested based on the equation that relates PGV to magnitude, the site-specific parameters of which were determined by natural earthquakes that occurred within 50 km of the Pohang EGS site. The traffic light system was applied to the first hydraulic stimulation that occurred in January and February of 2016. The obtained induced seismic data were roughly in agreement with the suggested empirical equation.
To examine the effectiveness and safety of a data sharing and comprehensive management platform for institutionalized older patients.
We applied information technology-supported integrated health ...service platform to patients who live at long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) and nursing homes (NHs) with cluster randomized controlled study. We enrolled 555 patients aged 65 or older (461 from 7 LTCHs, 94 from 5 NHs). For the intervention group, a tablet-based platform comprising comprehensive geriatric assessment, disease management, potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) management, rehabilitation program, and screening for adverse events and warning alarms were provided for physicians or nurses. The control group was managed with usual care. Co-primary outcomes were (1) control rate of hypertension and diabetes, (2) medication adjustment (PIM prescription rate, proportion of polypharmacy), and (3) combination of potential quality-of-care problems (composite quality indicator) from the interRAI assessment system which assessed after 3-month of intervention.
We screened 1119 patients and included 555 patients (control; 289, intervention; 266) for analysis. Patients allocated to the intervention group had better cognitive function and took less medications and PIMs at baseline. The diabetes control rate (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.37-4.99, p = 0.0035), discontinuation of PIM (OR = 4.65, 95% CI 2.41-8.97, p < 0.0001), reduction of medication in patients with polypharmacy (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.24-3.16, p = 0.0042), and number of PIMs use (ꞵ = - 0.27, p < 0.0001) improved significantly in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in hypertension control rate (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.20-1.43, p = 0.2129), proportion of polypharmacy (OR = 1.40, 95% CI 0.75-2.60, p = 0.2863), and improvement of composite quality indicators (ꞵ = 0.03, p = 0.2094). For secondary outcomes, cognitive and motor function, quality of life, and unplanned hospitalization were not different significantly between groups.
The information technology-supported integrated health service effectively reduced PIM use and controlled diabetes among older patients in LTCH or NH without functional decline or increase of healthcare utilization.
Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0004360. Registered on 21 October 2019.
We introduce a prototype “machine tool analyzer” (MTA), consisting of a nest of five displacement sensors and a dual-ball system with two centering structures, designed to identify 13 ...position-independent geometric errors (PIGEs) in five-axis machine tools. The 13 PIGEs include three squareness errors in the three linear axes, two squareness errors and two offset errors in the rotary/tilting axis, and two squareness errors in the spindle axis. The MTA completes four circular paths, during which an identification algorithm identifies thirteen possible PIGEs and set-up errors. The MTA was applied to a commercial five-axis machine tool with a swivel head/rotary table and verified experimentally. Cost-effective measurements were achieved using a single set-up of the nest and associated system. In addition, a circular test using a double ball-bar was used to test the volumetric accuracy of the five-axis machine tool and verify the identified PIGEs. The maximum deviation, minimum deviation, and PV values in the circular test were 109, 55, and 55 μm, respectively, without compensation for errors imparted by the PIGEs, and 38, 5, and 33 μm, respectively, with compensation. This demonstrated the validity of the proposed method.
We present newly discovered dwarf galaxy candidates in deep and wide-field images of NGC 1291 obtained with the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network. We identify 15 dwarf galaxy candidates by visual ...inspection. Using imaging simulations, we demonstrate that the completeness rate of our detection is greater than 70% for the central surface-brightness value of 0,R 26 mag arcsec−2 and for magnitudes MR −10 mag. The structural and photometric properties of the dwarf galaxy candidates appear to be broadly consistent with those of ordinary dwarf galaxies in nearby groups and clusters, with 0,R ∼ 22.5 to 26.5 mag arcsec−2 and effective radii of 200 pc to 1 kpc. The dwarf galaxy candidates show a concentration toward NGC 1291 and tend to be redder the closer they are to the center, possibly indicating that they are associated with NGC 1291. The dwarf candidates presented in this paper appear to be bluer than those in denser environments, revealing that the quenching of star formation in dwarf galaxies is susceptible to the environment, while the morphology shaping is not.
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