The transition form factors for doubly heavy baryons into a spin-1/2 or spin-3/2 ground-state baryon induced by both the charged current and the flavor changing neutral current are systematically ...studied within the light-front quark model. In the transition the two spectator quarks have two spin configurations and both are considered in this calculation. We use an updated vertex functions, and inspired by the flavor SU(3) symmetry, we also provide a new approach to derive the flavor-spin factors. With the obtained transition form factors, we perform a phenomenological study of the corresponding semi-leptonic decays of doubly heavy baryons induced by the
c
→
d
/
s
ℓ
+
ν
,
b
→
c
/
u
ℓ
-
ν
¯
and
b
→
d
/
s
ℓ
+
ℓ
-
. Results for partial decay widths, branching ratios and the polarization ratios
Γ
L
/
Γ
T
s are given. We find that most branching ratios for the semi-leptonic decays induced by the
c
→
d
,
s
transitions are at the order of
10
-
3
∼
10
-
2
, which might be useful for the search of other doubly-heavy baryons. Uncertainties in form factors, the flavor SU(3) symmetry and sources of symmetry breaking effects are discussed. We find that the SU(3) symmetry breaking effects could be sizable in charmed baryon decays while in the bottomed case, the SU(3) symmetry breaking effects are less significant. Our results can be examined at the experimental facilities in the future.
Weak decays of doubly heavy baryons: Bcc→BcV Jiang, Li-Juan; He, Bei; Li, Run-Hui
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
11/2018, Volume:
78, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The weak decays of a spin-1 / 2 doubly charm baryon (
B
cc
) to a spin-1 / 2 singly charm baryon (
B
c
) and a light vector meson (
V
) are studied under a phenomenological scheme. The contributions ...are classified into different topological diagrams, among which the short distance ones are calculated under the factorization hypothesis, and the long distance contributions are modelled as final-state interactions (FSIs) which are estimated with the one-particle-exchange model. In calculation the topological contributions tend to fall in a hierarchy. The branching fractions or decay widths are estimated, and it indicates that
Ξ
cc
+
→
Ξ
c
+
π
+
π
-
and
Ω
cc
+
→
Ξ
c
+
K
-
π
+
can be used as candidate decays for searching
Ξ
cc
+
and
Ω
cc
+
. Some decays that are mainly activated by the long distance effects are found, observation on which in future experiments can help to understand the role of FSIs in charm baryon decays.
With the advances in Polygonatum research, there is a huge interest in harnessing the valuable functional ingredients of this genus with the potential for functional foods. This review emphasizes the ...different aspects of Ploygonatum based research starting from its bioactive compounds, their structural characterization, various extraction methods, as well as biological activities. In view of its integral use as an essential medicinal plant, our review emphasizes on its promising food applications both as an ingredient and as a whole food, and its improved health benefits with potential for agricultural and environmental relevance are also discussed. As we collated the recent research information, we present the main challenges and limitations of the current research trend in this area which can upgrade the further expansion of Polygonatum-related research that will strengthen its economic and accessible nutritional value in the food and health industries. By highlighting the need for the unattended species, this review not only fills existing research gaps, but also encourages the researchers to find new avenues for the natural production of bio-based functional materials and the development of highly functional and health-promoting foods for disease prevention and treatment.
We aim to explore the effect of head-down position (HDP), initiated within 24 hours of onset, in moderate anterior circulation stroke patients with probable large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) ...etiology. This investigator-initiated, multi-center trial prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint, multi-center and phase-2 trial was conducted in China and completed in 2021. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) into the HDP group receiving -20° Trendelenburg, or control group receiving standard care according to national guideline. The primary endpoint was proportion of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of 0 to 2 at 90 days, which is a scale for measuring the degree of disability after stroke. 90-day mRS was assessed by a certified staff member who was blinded to group assignment. A total of 96 patients were randomized (47 in HDP group and 49 in control group) and 94 (97.9%) patients were included in the final analysis: 46 in HDP group and 48 in control group. The proportion of favorable outcome was 65.2% (30/46) in the HDP group versus 50.0% (24/48) in the control group (unadjusted: OR 2.05 95%CI 0.87-4.82, P = 0.099). No severe adverse event was attributed to HDP procedures. This work suggests that the head-down position seems safe and feasible, but does not improve favorable functional outcome in acute moderate stroke patients with LAA. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03744533.
Piperazine moiety is a cyclic molecule containing two nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4, as well as four carbon atoms. Piperazine is one of the most sought heterocyclics for the development of new ...drug candidates with a wide range of applications. Over 100 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other activities, were reviewed. This article reviewed investigations regarding piperazine groups for the modification of natural product derivatives in the last decade, highlighting parameters that affect their biological activity.
In this work, the full leading order results of the form factors for
Ξ
b
→
Ξ
c
and
Λ
b
→
Λ
c
are obtained in QCD sum rules. Contributions from up to dimension-5 have been considered. For ...completeness, we also study the two-point correlation function to obtain the pole residues of
Ξ
Q
and
Λ
Q
, and higher accuracy is achieved. For the three-point correlation function, since stable Borel regions cannot be found, about
20
%
uncertainties are introduced for the form factors of
Ξ
b
→
Ξ
c
and
Λ
b
→
Λ
c
. Our results for the form factors are consistent with those of the lattice QCD within errors.
•The melting of NePCM in differentially-heated rectangular cavities was revisited.•Effects of loading and aspect ratio were studied experimentally and numerically.•The invisible phase interface ...evolutions of NePCM were captured indirectly by TLC.•The negative effect of viscosity growth on melting was verified by the TLC images.•The slender cavity helps take advantage of increased thermal conductivity of NePCM.
The melting of nano-enhanced phase change materials (NePCM) in differentially-heated rectangular cavities was revisited by employing a novel indirect visualization method, i.e., the thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) technique, to track the invisible phase interfaces. Detailed natural convective flow and heat transfer during melting were also predicted by numerical simulations based on the enthalpy-porosity method, which were validated by comparing with the TLC observations. Two height-to-width aspect ratios of the cavity, i.e., 0.8 and 1.25, were studied. Based on the observed evolutions of the phase interface, it was shown that natural convection originating from the upper corner nearby the phase interface causes the difference in melting patterns between the upper and lower parts of the cavity. The decelerated melting in the presence of NePCM samples with higher loadings (and hence much greater viscosity) was confirmed intuitively by the more vertical and flatten phase interfaces captured by TLC, indicating that heat conduction becomes the dominant mode of heat transfer during melting as a result of the significantly deteriorated natural convection effect. Moreover, when the cavity becoming more slender, the advantage of increased thermal conductivity could be more sufficiently taken because the shorter characteristic length inherently lowers the contribution of natural convection.
An electrospun membrane (CB-PS) was prepared by electrospinning technique from a solution of AIE-active compound 5-(N-carbazole styryl)-1,3-dimethyl-barbituric acid and polystyrene. The membrane was ...electrospun upon amino-functionalized glass G-NH2, producing a fluorescent sensor CB-PS/G-NH2 for detecting picric acid. It showed selective sensibility (KSV = 3.29 × 104 M−1, LOD up to 153 ppb) to PA among several nitroaromatics (NACs) in aqueous solution.
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•An electrospun membrane (CB-PS) was prepared by electrospinning technique from a solution of AIE-active compound CB and polystyrene (PS).•The amino-functionalized glass G-NH2 of fluorescent sensor CB-PS/G-NH2 presents a large number of electron-rich groups of amino, which effectively attracted picric acid.•The sensor can selectively detect picric acid in aqueous solution.•Practical applicability of CB-PS/G-NH2 illustrated its efficiency to the selective sensing of PA in real samples.
An electrospun membrane (CB-PS) was prepared by electrospinning technique from a solution of aggregation induced emission (AIE) active compound 5-(N-carbazole styryl)-1,3-dimethyl-barbituric acid (CB) and polystyrene (PS) in DMF/THF. The membrane was electrospun upon amino-functionalized glass G-NH2, producing a fluorescent sensor CB-PS/G-NH2 for detecting picric acid (PA). The AIE-active compound were highly photostable and the sensor CB-PS/G-NH2 exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of PA over nitroaromatics (NACs) in aqueous phase. The quenching constant (KSV) to PA was obtained to be 3.29 × 104 M−1 in aqueous phase with a limit of detection (LOD) up to 228 ppb. Selectivity study demonstrates that common interferents have an insignificant effect on the emission intensity of the fluorescent nanofibers in aqueous phase, while reusability study indicates that the fluorescent nanofibers can be regenerated. Real water sample was also tested, and negligible matrix effect on explosives detection was observed. The fluorescence quenching by PA can be attributed to the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) in the quenching process. This research provides new insights into the application of AIE-active materials in fluorescent nanofibrous explosive sensor.
•This is a novel study investigating the effect of PRLR gene on mouse model of depression.•PRLR gene was expressed at a higher level in the mouse model of depression.•The JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway ...was activated in the mouse model of depression.•PRLR gene silencing promotes BDNF and inhibits hippocampal neurons apoptosis.•This study provides a new insight for the treatment of depression.
Patients suffering from depression most commonly present with symptoms associated with the autonomic nervous system. Despite the satisfactory results achieved following treatment with vagus nerve stimulation and drug treatment, recurrence is a common occurrence in many patients. As described in numerous studies, prolactin receptor (PRLR) has been identified as an anxiolytic and anti-depressant factor in depression. However, the effect of PRLR on chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depression remains to be thoroughly demonstrated. Therefore, the present study was conducted on the effect of PRLR gene on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and hippocampal neuron apoptosis through the establishment of CMS-induced depression mouse models, with aims of providing a new and effective therapeutic option for depression. Microarray-based analysis was initially used to retrieve depression-related expression dataset and PRLR-related signaling pathway. Lentiviral vectors overexpressing PRLR or expressing PRLR-specific shRNA were used to up- or down-regulated the expression of PRLR in mice. Subsequently, the effects of PRLR on hippocampal neurons and pyramidal cells in CA1 and CA3 regions, and ultrastructure in hippocampal region were evaluated. Serum BDNF level and the positive rate of cleaved-Caspase-3 in hippocampal CA3 region were determined. Next, the regulatory mechanism by which PRLR gene silencing influences hippocampal neuron apoptosis via the JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway was detected. PRLR gene was assumed to participate in the development of depression by regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Our results found that the mice with CMS-induced depression exhibited locomotion activity and anhedonia. In addition, a decrease in the number of pyramidal cells was observed in the hippocampus while that of apoptotic cells was increased. In addition, serum BDNF level was increased, and the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax in hippocampal neurons and the JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway was decreased in response to PRLR silencing, along with increased expression of BDNF and Bcl-2. From the aforementioned findings, we concluded that PRLR gene silencing results in the inhibition of hippocampal neuron apoptosis and alleviation of CMS-induced depression by inactivating the JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway and elevating BDNF expression, providing a new insight for the treatment of depression.
Epidemiologic evidence promote the inclusion of flavones in diet due to their inhibitory effects on certain types of cancers, particularly in women. Among the naturally occurring plant flavonoids, ...Apigenin 7-O-glucoside (AGL) is endowed with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activities. However, its mechanism of action on cervical cancer, the fourth largest cancer in women, has not yet been clarified. In the current study, we have determined the effect of AGL on human cervical cancer cells and studied its molecular mechanism against cervical cancer. The results showed that AGL inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells (IC50 was 47.26 μM at 48 h) by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, AGL treatment caused G0/G1 phase arrest, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and upgraded intracellular ROS production. AGL could promote the release of cytochrome c by regulating Bcl-2 family proteins, and then activated caspase 9/3 to promote cell apoptosis. Moreover, AGL treatment promoted the expression of p16 INK4A, while inhibited the expression of Cyclin A/D/E and CDK2/6. At the same time in HeLa cells treated with AGL, the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, and cell migration was also impeded correspondingly through the matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9. Our study may provide a new research direction for harnessing the novel natural compounds in cervical cancer treatment.
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➢Apigenin 7-O-glucoside inhibited cervical cancer proliferation in Hela cells.➢Apigenin 7-O-glucoside promotes cell apoptosis through cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial, death receptor, and PTEN/AKT/PI3K signaling pathways.➢Apigenin 7-O-glucoside inhibits Hela cell migration through down-regulating MMP2/9.
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