In the contemporary context, the significance of detecting harmful gases cannot be overstated, as it profoundly affects both environmental integrity and human welfare. In this study, theoretically, ...density functional theory was employed to explore the adsorption behavior of three prevalent hazardous gases, namely CO, NO2, and SO2, on silver-atom-modified tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer. The multifaceted analysis encompasses an array of critical aspects, including the adsorption structure, adsorption energy, electron transfer, and charge density difference to unravel the adsorption behavior. Further exploration of electronic properties encompassing band structure, density of states (DOS), and work function was conducted. The ambit of our exploration extends to the desorption properties based on adsorption-free energies. Among these gas molecules, NO2 stands out with the highest adsorption energy and the most substantial electron transfer. Notably, each of these adsorption processes triggers a redistribution of electron density, with NO2 exhibiting the most pronounced effect. Furthermore, the adsorptions of CO, NO2, and SO2 induce a noteworthy reduction in the band gap, prompting the reconfiguration of molecular orbitals. Additionally, the adsorption of these gases also leads to an increase in the work function of Ag-WS2 to a different extent. Our investigation of desorption properties uncovers that Ag-WS2 can adeptly function at ambient temperatures to detect CO and SO2. However, for NO2 detection, higher temperatures become imperative due to the necessity for poison removal. The implications of our findings underscore the tremendous potential of Ag-WS2 as a sensing material for detecting these hazardous gases. Our research extends to the broader realm of surface modification of transition metal dichalcogenides and their promising applications in the domain of gas sensing.
To solve the disadvantages of traditional fetal monitoring such as time-consuming, cumbersome steps and low coverage, it is paramount to develop remote fetal monitoring. Remote fetal monitoring ...expands time and space, which is expected to popularize fetal monitoring in remote areas with the low availability of health services. Pregnant women can transmit fetal monitoring data from remote monitoring terminals to the central monitoring station so that doctors can interpret it remotely and detect fetal hypoxia in time. Fetal monitoring involving remote technology has also been carried out, but with some conflicting results.
The review aimed to (1) examine the efficacy of remote fetal monitoring in improving maternal-fetal outcomes and (2) identify research gaps in the field to make recommendations for future research.
We did a systematic literature search with PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Open Grey in March 2022. Randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental trials of remote fetal monitoring were identified. Two reviewers independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed each study. Primary outcomes (maternal-fetal outcomes) and secondary outcomes (health care usage) were presented as relative risks or mean difference. The review was registered on PROSPERO as CRD42020165038.
Of the 9337 retrieved literature, 9 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (n=1128). Compared with a control group, remote fetal monitoring reduced the risk of neonatal asphyxia (risk ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.45-0.97; P=.04), with a low heterogeneity of 24%. Other maternal-fetal outcomes did not differ significantly between remote fetal monitoring and routine fetal monitoring, such as cesarean section (P=.21; I
=0%), induced labor (P=.50; I
=0%), instrumental vaginal birth (P=.45; I
=0%), spontaneous delivery (P=.85; I
=0%), gestational weeks at delivery (P=.35; I
=0%), premature delivery (P=.47; I
=0%), and low birth weight (P=.71; I
=0%). Only 2 studies performed a cost analysis, stating that remote fetal monitoring can contribute to reductions in health care costs when compared with conventional care. In addition, remote fetal monitoring might affect the number of visits and duration in the hospital, but it was not possible to draw definite conclusions about the effects due to the limited number of studies.
Remote fetal monitoring seems to reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and health care costs compared with routine fetal monitoring. To strengthen the claims on the efficacy of remote fetal monitoring, further well-designed studies are necessary, especially in high-risk pregnant women, such as pregnant women with diabetes, pregnant women with hypertension, and so forth.
The prevalence of infectious diseases in sheep and goats has a significant impact on the development of the sheep and goat industry and public health security. The identification and analysis of ...pathogens are crucial for infectious disease research; however, existing databases pay little attention to sheep and goat diseases, and pathogen data are relatively scattered. Therefore, the effective integration, analysis and visualization of these data will help us conduct in-depth research on sheep and goat infectious diseases and promote the formulation of disease prevention and control strategies. This article considered the pathogens of 44 infectious diseases in sheep and goats as the main research objects and collected and downloaded relevant scientific literature, pathogen genomes, pathogen transcriptomes, pathogen occurrence records, and other data. The C# programming language and an SQL Server database were used to construct and realize the functions of the Sheep and Goat Pathogen Database (SGPD) within a B/S architecture based on the ASP.NET platform. The SGPD mainly provides an integrated platform for sheep and goat pathogen data retrieval, auxiliary analysis, and user upload, including several functionalities: (1) a Disease Introduction module that queries basic information regarding the 44 recorded sheep and goat infectious diseases, such as epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and prevention and control measures; (2) an Omics Information module that allows users to query and download the genome and transcriptome data related to the pathogens of sheep and goat infectious disease, and provide sequence alignment functionality; (3) a Pathogen Structure module that enables users to view electron micrographs of pathogen structure and tissue sections related to sheep and goat disease from publicly published research; (4) a Literature Search module based on the "Pathogen Dictionary" search strategy that facilitates searches for published research related to pathogens of infectious disease; (5) a Science Popularization module that allows users to view popular science materials related to sheep and goat infectious diseases; and (6) a Public Health module that allows users to query the risk factors of zoonotic disease transmission and the corresponding related literature, and realize the visualization of pathogen distribution. The SGPD is a specialized sheep and goat pathogen information database that provides comprehensive resources and technical support for sheep and goat infectious disease research, prevention, and control.
To explore the lactating nurses' experiences of return to work after lifting COVID-19 lockdown.
Return to work is a key reason for the low rates of breastfeeding. Especially after lifting COVID-19 ...lockdown, case counts reached recorded highs. So lactating nurses face more challenges when they return to work.
The empirical phenomenology method was used to conduct a qualitative study. Lactating nurses were recruited in a tertiary hospital through purposive and snowball sampling, and participated in semi-structured video interviews. Colaizzi's method was used to analyze the data.
Three themes and 10 sub-themes emerged from the interview data of 15 participants. The first theme was “preparation for return to work”, which helped lactating nurses adapt to return to work quickly. The second was “experiences of return to work”. The inconvenience of pumping was mentioned repeatedly. In addition, the flexible work schedule was highlighted. The third was “experiences of infection”. The attitudes toward breastfeeding differed due to different perceptions of COVID-19.
Lactation nurses easily interrupted or stopped breastfeeding when they returned to work after lifting COVID-19 lockdown. Recommendations include the further provision of longer periods of leave, flexible working arrangements, separate facilities for breast pumping, and breastfeeding strategies for epidemics.
Most applications on sieve tray internals were internals additions for increasing bubble area and changing gas liquid contact form to intensify the mass transfer in a tower. An easy improvement to ...set up a mesh on the sieve tray was proposed in this paper. It was confirmed that foam layer on the sieve tray acts as the main role of mass transfer. The mesh here could turn large bubbles into such small ones that gas would contact with the liquid sufficiently and also could avoid many small bubbles coalescing into large ones. Meanwhile, interfacial area was enlarged greatly, which was of benefit to mass transfer. In addition, the mesh could make small bubbles have a long stay time in trays, an advantage for mass transfer. In this paper, the gas hold-up and tray pressure drop were determined in an air–water system under isothermal conditions. Mean bubble diameter was measured by CCD in a 0.12 m diameter tower, and bubble radial distributions and probability density functions were also determined. The experimental results proved that mesh could obtain more total gas hold-up and reduce the bubble mean diameter greatly but increased the tray pressure drop severely also. The existence of mesh did not change the trend of bubble flow on the tray. The greatest bubbles still concentrated in the center and gradually reduced to the wall along the radial direction; the small bubbles turned into large ones along the height, and the distribution became wider at higher positions.
Pioneering explorations of the two-dimensional (2D) inorganic layered crystals (ILCs) in electronics have boosted low-dimensional materials research beyond the prototypical but semi-metallic ...graphene. Thanks to species variety and compositional richness, ILCs are further activated as hosting matrices to reach intrinsic magnetism due to their semiconductive natures. Herein, we briefly review the latest progresses of manipulation strategies that introduce magnetism into the nonmagnetic 2D and quasi-2D ILCs from the first-principles computational perspectives. The matrices are concerned within naturally occurring species such as MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, BN, and synthetic monolayers such as ZnO and g-C2N. Greater attention is spent on nondestructive routes through magnetic dopant adsorption; defect engineering; and a combination of doping-absorbing methods. Along with structural stability and electric uniqueness from hosts, tailored magnetic properties are successfully introduced to low-dimensional ILCs. Different from the three-dimensional (3D) bulk or zero-dimensional (0D) cluster cases, origins of magnetism in the 2D space move past most conventional physical models. Besides magnetic interactions, geometric symmetry contributes a non-negligible impact on the magnetic properties of ILCs, and surprisingly leads to broken symmetry for magnetism. At the end of the review, we also propose possible combination routes to create 2D ILC magnetic semiconductors, tentative theoretical models based on topology for mechanical interpretations, and next-step first-principles research within the domain.
Power grid equipment condition evaluation and condition maintenance is a kind of operation and maintenance means with strong reliability, low cost and high efficiency in power grid equipment ...operation management. At present, when carrying out state assessment of power grid equipment such as, grounding devices, capacitors, reactors, because of the features of large number, frequent failures, complex and changeable operating environment, etc, existing state evaluation standards have obvious deficiencies, which makes it difficult to meet management needs. Optimizing state evaluation standards, formulating scientific and effective state evaluation guidelines are of great significance for improving equipment safety and ensuring safe and stable operation of power systems.
In this paper, the influence of mutual opposition error between the standard secondary line at the end of the test bench and the tested secondary line in the error test of voltage transformer is ...analyzed, and the corresponding solutions are proposed for the wrong wiring.
Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is related to the stable operation of power equipment. The traditional partial discharge pattern recognition method relies on expert experience to carry out feature ...engineering design artificial features, which has strong subjectivity and large blindness. To address the problem, we introduce an encoding-decoding network to reconstruct the input data and then treat the encoded network output as a partial discharge signal feature. The adaptive feature mining ability of the Auto-Encoder Network is effectively utilized, and the traditional classifier is connected to realize the effective combination of the deep learning method and the traditional machine learning method. The results show that the features extracted based on this method have better recognition than artificial features, which can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of partial discharge.
Display omitted
•Slit-shaped pores can be formed via the stacking effect of GO nanosheets.•Compared with GS, the denseness and ordered properties of the slit-shaped pores are improved by adding ...ZrO2.•Slit-shaped pores exhibit greater affinity for planar hydrated copper ions.
In order to eliminate the great threat posed by Cu(II) in water to human health and ecosystem safety, graphene oxide-zirconium oxide/sodium alginate (GZS) aerogel spheres are prepared for adsorbing Cu(II) using the sol-gel method and freeze-drying technique in this paper. The adsorbent is preferentially selective for Cu(II) even in the presence of competing cations. This is due to the slit-shaped structure of the aerogel spheres which has strong affinity for planar Cu(II), deriving from the GO nanosheets stacking effect as well as crosslinking with SA,. The adsorption kinetics and isothermal experiments show that the adsorption process of GZS is multi-molecular layer adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 132.57 mg/g, exhibiting a better capacity than previous similar adsorption materials. FT-IR and XPS mechanistic analysis indicate that the good adsorption performance of GZS on Cu(II) might be related to the synergistic effect of strong electrostatic force, ion exchange and complexation. The adsorption order of GO, ZrO2 and SA on Cu(II) is also investigated by density functional theory (DFT). In conclusion, GZS has the potential to selectively remove Cu(II) from water bodies.
PDF
