The profound changes brought about by informatization and digitalization have given rise to the user-centered innovation concept, and value co-creation by enterprises has become an inevitable trend. ...It has become a pressing issue for scholars to analyze the mechanism of consumer participation in the value co-creation of innovative enterprises. In this paper, by establishing an evolutionary game model between consumers and innovative enterprises, we analyze in depth the mechanism of consumer participation in the value co-creation of innovative enterprises. The results show that the initial cooperation probability between consumers and innovative enterprises directly affects their strategic choices; the establishment of reward mechanisms makes consumers more inclined to choose active participation in value co-creation strategies; as the probability of non-cooperation between the two parties being reported increases, the probability of consumers and innovative enterprises choosing cooperation also increases. Studying the mechanism of consumer participation in the value co-creation of innovative enterprises has essential theoretical and practical significance for enterprises to achieve value creation, enhance competitiveness, and promote innovation. This study not only enriches and develops relevant theories but also provides guidance and support for the practice of enterprises, promoting sustainable development and successful co-creation.
As an electrocatalyst, conventional 2H-phase MoS2 suffers from limited active sites and inherently low electroconductivity. Phase transitions from 2H to 1T have been proposed as an effective strategy ...for optimization of the catalytic activity. However, complicated chemical exfoliation is generally involved. Here, MoS2 heterogeneous-phase nanosheets with a 1T phase (1T/2H-MoS2) generated in situ were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method. The locally introduced 1T-phase MoS2 can not only contribute more active sites but also markedly promote the electronic conductivity. Because of this unique structure, the as-synthesized 1T/2H-MoS2 nanosheets exhibit remarkable performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction with a small overpotential of 220 mV at 10 mA/cm2, a small Tafel slope of 61 mV/decade, and robust stability. This work facilitates the development of a two-dimensional heterogeneous nanostructure with enhanced applications.
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is an integral cell membrane protein that protects cardiovascular disease by at least two mechanisms: by export of excess cholesterol from cells and by ...suppression of inflammation. ABCA1 exports cholesterol and phospholipids from cells by multiple steps that involve forming cell surface lipid domains, binding of apolipoproteins to ABCA1, activating signaling pathways, and solubilizing these lipids by apolipoproteins. ABCA1 executes its anti-inflammatory effect by modifying cell membrane lipid rafts and directly activating signaling pathways. The interaction of apolipoproteins with ABCA1 activates multiple signaling pathways, including Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3), protein kinase A, Rho family G protein CDC42 and protein kinase C. Activating protein kinase A and Rho family G protein CDC42 regulates ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux, activating PKC stabilizes ABCA1 protein, and activating JAK2/STAT3 regulates both ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux and anti-inflammation. Thus, ABCA1 behaves both as a lipid exporter and a signaling receptor. Targeting ABCA1 receptor-like property using agonists for ABCA1 protein could become a promising new therapeutic target for increasing ABCA1 function and treating cardiovascular disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in High Density Lipoprotein Formation and Metabolism: A Tribute to John F. Oram (1945–2010).
► ABCA1 functions are regulated by multiple signaling pathways. ► Activating PKA and Rho family G protein CDC42 regulates ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux. ► Activating PKC stabilizes ABCA1 protein. ► Activating JAK2/STAT3 regulates both ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux and anti-inflammation.
The present longitudinal study was intended to investigate whether the two bilingual experiences of written translation and consecutive interpreting (featured with similar language switching ...experience but different processing demands) would produce different cognitive control effects in young adults. Three groups of Chinese-English young adult bilinguals, who differed mainly in their half-year long bilingual experience: one for general L2 training, one for written translation and one for oral consecutive interpreting, were tested twice on the number Stroop, switching color-shape and N-back tasks. The results show that the interpreting experience produced significant cognitive advantages in switching (switch cost) and updating, while the translating experience produced marginally significant improvements in updating. The findings indicate that the experience of language switching under higher processing demands brings more domain-general advantages, suggesting that processing demand may be a decisive factor for the presence or absence of the hot-debated bilingual advantages.
To analyze the independent risk factors for recurrent bleeding and death within 1 year after endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices hemorrhage (EGVB) in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to ...validate the predictive value of ALBI score for recurrent bleeding and death within 1 year after endoscopic treatment of EGVB in patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 338 patients with EGVB who received endoscopic treatment for the first time in the Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020 were selected. A database was established to analyze the patients' demographic data, surgical variables and postoperative outcomes. All patients were contacted and followed up to verify the predictive value of ALBI score for recurrent bleeding and mortality. 130 patients had rebleeding within 1 year after surgery (38.5%). 66 patients died within 1 year after surgery (19.5%). Patients with ALBI grade 3 had significantly higher rebleeding and mortality rates than those with grades 1 and 2. The AUC was used to compare the predictive value of the four scores for rebleeding and mortality within one year after endoscopic surgery. Both ALBI scores had the largest AUC. The ALBI score has certain predictive value for rebleeding and mortality within 1 year after endoscopic therapy in patients with cirrhotic EGVB.
Highlights
All the synthesis routes and surfaced-modified strategy of MXene-derived quantum dots (MQDs), the synthesis of MQDs-based nanocomposites, and advanced characterization techniques of MQDs ...are fully covered.
Catalytic application is classified and discussed by judging the roles of MQDs.
Current challenge and prospect are proposed for promoting the development and catalytic application of MQDs.
It is well known that two-dimensional (2D) MXene-derived quantum dots (MQDs) inherit the excellent physicochemical properties of the parental MXenes, as a Chinese proverb says
, “Indigo blue is extracted from the indigo plant, but is bluer than the plant it comes from.”
Therefore, 0D QDs harvest larger surface-to-volume ratio, outstanding optical properties, and vigorous quantum confinement effect. Currently, MQDs trigger enormous research enthusiasm as an emerging star of functional materials applied to physics, chemistry, biology, energy conversion, and storage. Since the surface properties of small-sized MQDs include the type of surface functional groups, the functionalized surface directly determines their performance. As the Nobel Laureate Wolfgang Pauli says,
“God made the bulk, but the surface was invented by the devil
,
”
and it is just on the basis of the abundant surface functional groups, there is lots of space to be thereof excavated from MQDs. We are witnessing such excellence and even more promising to be expected. Nowadays, MQDs have been widely applied to catalysis, whereas the related reviews are rarely reported. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of MQDs in catalysis over the past five years, ranging from the origin and development of MQDs, synthetic routes of MQDs, and functionalized MQDs to advanced characterization techniques. To explore the diversity of catalytic application and perspectives of MQDs, our review will stimulate more efforts toward the synthesis of optimal MQDs and thereof designing high-performance MQDs-based catalysts.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality rate, and it induces other diseases. Since there are no obvious symptoms during the early stages of CKD, ...patients often fail to notice the disease. Early detection of CKD enables patients to receive timely treatment to ameliorate the progression of this disease. Machine learning models can effectively aid clinicians achieve this goal due to their fast and accurate recognition performance. In this study, we propose a machine learning methodology for diagnosing CKD. The CKD data set was obtained from the University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository, which has a large number of missing values. KNN imputation was used to fill in the missing values, which selects several complete samples with the most similar measurements to process the missing data for each incomplete sample. Missing values are usually seen in real-life medical situations because patients may miss some measurements for various reasons. After effectively filling out the incomplete data set, six machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, naive Bayes classifier and feed forward neural network) were used to establish models. Among these machine learning models, random forest achieved the best performance with 99.75% diagnosis accuracy. By analyzing the misjudgments generated by the established models, we proposed an integrated model that combines logistic regression and random forest by using perceptron, which could achieve an average accuracy of 99.83% after ten times of simulation. Hence, we speculated that this methodology could be applicable to more complicated clinical data for disease diagnosis.
Although magnesium alloys show potential as structural and functional materials, they are difficult to join using traditional welding methods because of their low melting points and active chemical ...properties. Their poor weldability impedes their universal application. Ultrasound-assisted transient liquid-phase bonding (U-TLP) is a novel method used for magnesium alloy bonding, but in almost all related studies, a heating device has been required, and the types of solders are limited. In this study, gallium was used as solder to bond AZ31 magnesium alloy with ultrasonic assistance at room temperature (without a heating device) due to the low melting temperature of gallium and its compatibility with other metals when forming intermetallic compounds (IMCs). The variations in the products, microstructure, fracture characteristics, and shear strength of the joints were investigated. A reliable joint composed of IMCs (Mg2Ga5, H-MgGa2, and Mg2Ga) and a eutectic structure was obtained after an ultrasonic duration of 3 s. Significantly, the plasticity of the joint was improved due to ultrasonic effects, which included the accelerated element diffusion process, the refinement of grains to nanometer particles, and the homogenization of organization. Thus, the highest shear strength of 14.65 MPa at 4 s was obtained, with obvious cleavage fracture characteristics in the region of the IMCs.
With an intention to contribute to the issue of how language experience may influence working memory (WM), we focused on consecutive interpreting (CI), analyzed its potential links with WM functions ...and tested these links in a longitudinal experiment, trying to answer the specific question of how CI training may influence WM. Two comparable groups of Chinese learners of English received either CI or general second language (L2) training for one semester, and were tested before and after the training with the tasks of n-back (non-verbal updating), L2 listening span, and letter running span (verbal spans). CI performance was tested in the posttest. The results showed that (1) updating efficiency in both the pretest and posttest predicted CI performance, and CI training enhanced updating efficiency while general L2 training did not; (2) the relationship between verbal spans and CI performance was weaker (i.e., only pretest L2 listening span correlated with CI performance and predicted CI performance with marginal significance), and CI training did not make a unique contribution to these spans (i.e., no group differences). The results indicated an "interpreter advantage" in updating, which was probably due to that updating was more central in the CI task than WM spans. Theoretically, we believe that updating and CI are closely related because they share the same underlying mechanism, or more specifically updating and the recalling process in the CI task share the same attentional control process, a unique link between updating and the CI task. Methodological implications are discussed.
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•Double-network hydrogel beads were used as water-retaining and slow-release fertilizers.•The beads were fabricated via ion-crosslinking and the free radical polymerization.•The ...fertilizers contain sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, halloysite nanotubes and β-cyclodextrin.
A new type of water-retaining, slow-release fertilizer (WSF) based on double-network hydrogels was fabricated via the ion-crosslinking of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the free radical polymerization of polymerizable β-cyclodextrin (MAH-CD), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDA), acrylamide (AM), and acrylic acid (AA) with urea-loaded halloysite as an additive. The effects of the AM to AA monomer ratio, the halloysite content, the AlCl3 content and the MAH-CD content on the swelling ratio were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to characterize the structure and properties of the WSF. The swelling behavior and water retention capacity of the fertilizer were investigated using a classic gravimetric method. The experimental results indicated that the presence of halloysite nanotubes clearly adjusted the swelling and release properties of the WSF. Kinetic modeling indicated that the swelling mechanism and slow release behavior were consistent with a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Form the considerations of its properties and raw materials, the fertilizer developed here has a good prospect of application and extension.
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