The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) quickly spread all over China and to more than 20 other countries. Although the virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome ...coronavirus SARS‐Cov‐2) nucleic acid real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test has become the standard method for diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, these real‐time PCR test kits have many limitations. In addition, high false‐negative rates were reported. There is an urgent need for an accurate and rapid test method to quickly identify a large number of infected patients and asymptomatic carriers to prevent virus transmission and assure timely treatment of patients. We have developed a rapid and simple point‐of‐care lateral flow immunoassay that can detect immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies simultaneously against SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in human blood within 15 minutes which can detect patients at different infection stages. With this test kit, we carried out clinical studies to validate its clinical efficacy uses. The clinical detection sensitivity and specificity of this test were measured using blood samples collected from 397 PCR confirmed COVID‐19 patients and 128 negative patients at eight different clinical sites. The overall testing sensitivity was 88.66% and specificity was 90.63%. In addition, we evaluated clinical diagnosis results obtained from different types of venous and fingerstick blood samples. The results indicated great detection consistency among samples from fingerstick blood, serum and plasma of venous blood. The IgM‐IgG combined assay has better utility and sensitivity compared with a single IgM or IgG test. It can be used for the rapid screening of SARS‐CoV‐2 carriers, symptomatic or asymptomatic, in hospitals, clinics, and test laboratories.
Walnuts are economically important tree species in Sichuan Province (China) that provide heathy nuts. Fluorescence
hybridization (FISH) and analyses of an early-fruiting gene fragment and simple ...sequence repeats (SSRs) were used to distinguish Sichuan walnut cultivars and examine their relationships with
L. and
Dode. Thirty-four small chromosomes were counted in four Sichuan walnut cultivars. In the four cultivars, 5S rDNA was located in the proximal regions of two chromosomes (5 and 6), while (AG
T
)
was located at both ends of each chromosome. The existence of the signal at both chromosome ends ensured accurate chromosome counts. 5S rDNA and (AG
T
)
were not effective in identifying Sichuan walnut cultivars. Evolutionary analysis involving 32 early-fruiting nucleotide sequences from Sichuan walnut materials were performed with the maximum likelihood method. There were a total of 602 positions. All positions with gaps and missing data were eliminated, resulting in a final dataset of 562 positions. The ML tree with the highest log likelihood (-1607.82) revealed two obvious groups: one including materials of
, which fruits 1 year after grafting, and another including materials of
, which fruits >3 years after grafting. The early-fruiting gene fragment divided 22 walnut materials (10 walnut cultivars and 12 walnut accessions) into two groups, indicating that it was somewhat effective for distinguishing Sichuan walnut cultivars. Furthermore, 22 SSR loci were revealed to identify nine walnut cultivars. Eight cultivars were exclusively discerned by one SSR locus each: Chuanzao 1 CUJRB307 (116) or CUJRA206a (182), Chuanzao 2 JSI-73 (154), Shuangzao CUJRB103a (123), CUJRB218 (144), JSI-71 (146), or CUJRA206a (176), Shimianju ZMZ11 (138), Meigupao CUJRB218 (149), CUJRB103a (151), or CUJRA206a (190), Muzhilinhe CUJRB220 (136), ZMZ11 (147), CUJRC310 (156), or JSI-73 (166), Maerkang CUJRA124 (154), CUJRB218 (159), or CUJRA123 (182), Yanyuanzao CUJRA124 (150) or CUJRA206a (192). The Shuling cultivar was identified by the combination of ZMZ11 (148) and other SSR loci, which distinguished and excluded the Chuanzao 1 and Yanyuanzao cultivars. Our results will guide the identification and breeding of Sichuan walnut cultivars.
We consider the phase noise filtering problem for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar （InSAR） using a total variation regularized complex linear least squares formulation. Although the original ...formulation is convex, solving it directly with the standard CVX package is time consuming due to the large problem size. In this paper, we introduce the effective and efficient alternating direction method of multipliers （ADMM） to solve the equivalent well-defined complex formulation for the real and imaginary parts of the optimization variables. Both the iteration complexity and the computational complexity of the ADMM are established in the forms of theorems for our InSAR phase noise problem. Simulation results based on simulated and measured data show that this new InSAR phase noise reduction method not only is 3 orders of magnitude faster than the standard CVX solver, but also has a much better performance than the several existing phase filtering methods.
consists of approximately 500 species and is the largest genus in Berberidaceae. Most
species lack cytological data, and bicolour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has never been performed on
.... In this work, a karyotype of
, an alpine
species obtained from an altitude of 3600 m in Wolong National Nature Reserve, China, was analysed and compared with
Schneid. via FISH using oligonucleotide telomere probes for (AGGGTTT)
and 5S rDNA (41 bp) for the first time.
belonged to cytotype 2A and had the karyotype formula 2n = 2x = 28 = 26 m + 2 sm (2SAT). The mitotic metaphase chromosome lengths ranged from 1.82 ± 0.04 μm to 2.75 ± 0.00 μm. Clear (AGGGTTT)
signals were detected at two telomeres in every chromosome and were co-localized with 5S rDNA at the terminal regions of the long arms in the 6
pair of chromosomes. One pair of (AGGGTTT)
sites was localized in the satellites of the 7
pair of chromosomes, which are the only submetacentric chromosomes in this species. Totally 28 chromosomes with one pair of satellited chromosomes were observed in
. This species had four 5S rDNA signals with two weak signals at the end of long arms in the 5
pair of chromosomes and another two strong signals detected in the interstitial region close to the end of short arms in the 6
pair of chromosomes. Each large signal consisted of two smaller signals with secondary constrictions around them.
FISH physical mapping of
suggested that (AGGGTTT)
and rDNA 5S co-localize at the 6
pair of chromosomes. The density, location and number difference of 5S rDNA loci indicated structural differences among the chromosomes between
and
Our results provide information that may contribute to future studies on the physical assembly of the
genome and the evolution of rDNA and telomere FISH patterns in
.
Oligo-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) facilitates precise chromosome identification and comparative cytogenetic analysis. Detection of autosomal chromosomes of
has not been achieved using ...oligonucleotide sequences. Here, the chromosomes of five
taxa in the mitotic metaphase and mitotic metaphase to anaphase were detected using the oligo-FISH probes (AG
T
)
, 5S rDNA, and (TTG)
. In total, 24 small chromosomes were clearly observed in the mitotic metaphase (0.89-3.03 μm), whereas 24-48 small chromosomes were observed in the mitotic metaphase to anaphase (0.94-3.10 μm). The signal number and intensity of (AG
T
)
, 5S rDNA, and (TTG)
in the mitotic metaphase to anaphase chromosomes were nearly consistent with those in the mitotic metaphase chromosomes when the two split chromosomes were integrated as one unit. Of note, 14 chromosomes (there is a high chance that sex chromosomes are included) were exclusively identified by (AG
T
)
, 5S rDNA, and (TTG)
. The other 10 also showed a terminal signal with (AG
T
)
. Moreover, these oligo-probes were able to distinguish one wild
taxon from four
taxa. These chromosome identification and taxa differentiation data will help in elucidating visual and elaborate physical mapping and guide breeders' utilization of wild resources of
.
Recent studies demonstrate that functional disruption in resting-state networks contributes to cognitive and affective symptoms of bipolar disorder (BD), however, the functional connectivity (FC) ...pattern underlying BD II depression within the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and frontoparietal network (FPN) is still not well understood. The primary aim of this study was to explore whether the pathophysiology of BD II derived from the pattern of FC within the DMN, SN, and FPN by using seed-based FC approach of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
Ninety-six BD II patients and 100 HCs underwent rs-fMRI and three-dimensional structural data acquisition. All patients were either drug naive or unmedicated for at least 6 months. The following four regions of interest were used to conduct seed-based FC: the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed to probe the DMN, the left subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) and amygdala seeds to probe the SN, the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) seed to probe the FPN.
Compared with HCs, patients with BD II demonstrated hypoconnectivity of the left PCC to the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and bilateral precuneus/PCC, and of the left sgACC to the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG); nevertheless, the left amygdala and dlPFC had no within-network hypo- or hyperconnectivity to any other SN and FPN regions.
Our findings suggest that disrupted FC is located in the DMN and SN, especially in the PCC-mPFC and precuneus/PCC, and sgACC-ITG connectivity in BD II patients.
•This is the first study to demonstrate disrupted FC within the DMN and SN in BD II depression.•We found decreased FC between the PCC and mPFC, precuneus/PCC within the DMN in patients with BD II.•We found decreased FC between the sgACC and ITG within the SN in patients with BD II.
•A new type of hollow magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (HMMIP) was prepared by RATRP technology.•An unique hollow structure and favorable magnetic responsivity.•High selectivity and high ...adsorption capacity on silybin.•The imprinted material had high stability and reproducibility.•HMMIP was evaluated as a drug delivery carrier by performing in vitro release study.
In this study, a new type of drug delivery carrier, the hollow magnetic silybin molecularly imprinted polymer (HMMIP) with a unique core-shell structure where the hollow magnetic core Fe3O4 was wrapped by mesoporous silica and imprinted layer, was prepared from methacrylic acid (MAA, functional monomer), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA, cross-linker), and silybin (a drug template) by reverse atom radical transfer polymerization method (RATRP), and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET). Its adsorption performance was evaluated by the isotherm/kinetic models and the selectivity for silybin with 15.40 mg g-1 of adsorption capacity and 2.13 of selectivity factor α, respectively. The drug release experiment showed the prepared polymer had the properties of silybin sustained release agent, because it could last to release silybin for 36 h in the medium of pH 2.0 at physiological temperature. In addition, the resuability experiment indicated the imprinted material had the good stability and reproducibility. So HMMIP should be of the potential value applied in drug delivery in the future.
We report the cytogenetic map for a collection of species in the Oleaceae, and test similarities among the karyotypes relative to their known species phylogeny. The oligonucleotides 5S ribosomal DNA ...(rDNA), (AGGGTTT)
, and (TTG)
were used as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes to locate the corresponding chromosomes in three Oleaceae genera:
,
,
, and
×
. Forty-six small chromosomes were identified in four species. (AGGGTTT)
signals were observed on almost all chromosome ends of four species, but (AGGGTTT)
played no role in distinguishing the chromosomes but displayed intact chromosomes and could thus be used as a guide for finding chromosome counts. (TTG)
and 5S rDNA signals discerned several chromosomes located at subterminal or central regions. Based on the similarity of the signal pattern (mainly in number and location and less in intensity) of the four species, the variations in the 5S rDNA and (TTG)
distribution can be ordered as
<
×
<
<
. Variations have observed in the three genera. The molecular cytogenetic data presented here might serve as a starting point for further larger-scale elucidation of the structure of the Oleaceae genome, and comparison with the known phylogeny of Oleaceae family.
Cardiac hypertrophy has become a major cardiovascular problem wordwide and is considered the early stage of heart failure. Treatment and prevention strategies are needed due to the suboptimal ...efficacy of current treatment methods. Recently, many studies have demonstrated the important role of histone acetylation in myocardium remodelling along with cardiac hypertrophy. A Chinese herbal extract containing anacardic acid (AA) is known to possess strong histone acetylation inhibitory effects. In previous studies, we demonstrated that AA could reverse alcohol‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in an animal model at the foetal stage. Here, we investigated whether AA could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy through the modulation of histone acetylation and explored its potential mechanisms in the hearts of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice. This study showed that AA attenuated hyperacetylation of acetylated lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K9ac) by inhibiting the expression of p300 and p300/CBP‐associated factor (PCAF) in TAC mice. Moreover, AA normalized the transcriptional activity of the heart nuclear transcription factor MEF2A. The high expression of cardiac hypertrophy‐linked genes (ANP, β‐MHC) was reversed through AA treatment in the hearts of TAC mice. Additionally, we found that AA improved cardiac function and survival rate in TAC mice. The current results further highlight the mechanism by which histone acetylation is controlled by AA treatment, which may help prevent and treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding is a good horticultural tree because of its beautiful yellow flowers and evergreen leaves. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyse mitotic ...metaphase chromosomes of
with 5S rDNA and (AG
T
)
oligonucleotides. Twenty-two small chromosomes were observed. Weak 5S rDNA signals were observed only in proximal regions of two chromosomes, which were adjacent to the (AG
T
)
proximal signals. Weak (AG
T
)
signals were observed on both chromosome ends, which enabled accurate chromosome counts. A pair of satellite bodies was observed. (AG
T
)
signals displayed quite high diversity, changing in intensity from weak to very strong as follows: far away from the chromosome ends (satellites), ends, subtelomeric regions, and proximal regions. Ten high-quality spreads revealed metaphase dynamics from the beginning to the end and the transition to anaphase. Chromosomes gradually grew larger and thicker into linked chromatids, which grew more significantly in width than in length. Based on the combination of 5S rDNA and (AG
T
)
signal patterns, ten chromosomes were exclusively distinguished, and the remaining twelve chromosomes were divided into two distinct groups. Our physical map, which can reproduce dynamic metaphase progression and distinguish chromosomes, will powerfully guide cytogenetic research on
and other trees.
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