We recently identified TSLC1, a tumor suppressor gene in human lung cancer. Gene silencing by promoter methylation has been observed frequently in adenocarcinoma of the lung, liver, and pancreas. ...Here, we demonstrate that TSLC1 expression is also absent or markedly reduced in 3 of 4 prostate cancer cell lines. Promoter sequences of TSLC1 were heavily methylated in PPC‐1 cells that lacked TSLC1 expression, supporting the idea that promoter methylation is strongly correlated with complete loss of gene expression. Promoter sequences of TSLC1 were also methylated significantly in 7 of 22 (32%) primary prostate cancers. Hypermethylation of the promoter occurred not only in advanced tumors, but also in relatively early‐stage tumors. Restoration of TSLC1 expression substantially suppressed tumor formation of PPC‐1 cells in nude mice. These findings indicate that alteration of TSLC1 is involved in prostate cancer.
We present results from a search for solar axions with the COSINE-100 experiment. We find no evidence of solar axion events from a data-set of 6,303.9 kg · days exposure and set a 90% confidence ...level upper limit on the axion-electron coupling, gae, of 1.70 ×10−11 for an axion mass less than 1 keV/c2. This limit excludes QCD axions heavier than 0.59 eV/c2 in the DFSZ model and 168.1 eV/c2 in the KSVZ model.
We describe in detail the methods used to obtain the lower bound on the lifetime of neutrinoless double-beta (0 nu beta beta) decay in Te-130 and the associated limit on the effective Majorana mass ...of the neutrino using the CUORE-0 detector. CUORE-0 is a bolometric detector array located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso that was designed to validate the background reduction techniques developed for CUORE, a next-generation experiment scheduled to come online in 2016. CUORE-0 is also a competitive 0 nu beta beta decay search in its own right and functions as a platform to further develop the analysis tools and procedures to be used in CUORE. These include data collection, event selection and processing, as well as an evaluation of signal efficiency. In particular, we describe the amplitude evaluation, thermal gain stabilization, energy calibration methods, and the analysis event selection used to create our final 0 nu beta beta search spectrum. We define our high level analysis procedures, with emphasis on the new insights gained and challenges encountered. We outline in detail our fitting methods near the hypothesized 0 nu beta beta decay peak and catalog the main sources of systematic uncertainty. Finally, we derive the 0 nu beta beta decay half-life limits previously reported for CUORE-0, T-1/2(0 nu) > 2.7 x 10(24) yr, and in combination with the Cuoricino limit, T-1/2(0 nu) > 4.0 x 10(24) yr.
Status and prospects for CUORE Canonica, L; Alduino, C; Alfonso, K ...
Journal of Physics. Conference Series (Online),
09/2017, Volume:
888, Issue:
1
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Peer reviewed
Open access
CUORE is a cryogenic detector consisting of 988 TeO2 crystals, 750 g each, and will be operated at a temperature of ∼10 mK, to search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) of 130Te. The detector, ...in the final stages of construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy), will start its operations in 2016. CUORE-0, its pilot experiment, has proven the feasibility of CUORE, demonstrating that the target background of 0.01 counts/keV/kg/y and the energy resolution of 5 keV are within reach. CUORE-0 also made the most precise measurement of the 2νββ decay. The expected sensitivity of CUORE to the 0νββ 130Te half-life is 9 ·1025y, for 5 years of data taking. Here, we report the most recent results of CUORE-0, their implications for CUORE, and the current status of the CUORE experiment.
COSINE-100 is a dark matter direct detection experiment with 106kg NaI(Tl) as the target material. 210Pb and daughter isotopes are a dominant background in the WIMP region of interest and are ...detected via β decay and α decay. Analysis of the α channel complements the background model as observed in the β/γ channel. We present the measurement of the quenching factors and Monte Carlo simulation results and activity quantification of the α decay components of the COSINE-100 NaI(Tl) crystals. The data strongly indicate that the α decays probabilistically undergo two possible quenching factors but require further investigation. The fitted results are consistent with independent measurements and improve the overall understanding of the COSINE-100 backgrounds. Furthermore, the half-life of 216Po has been measured to be 143.4±1.2ms, which is consistent with and more precise than most current measurements.
The effectiveness of orthotic treatment continues to be controversial in international medical literature due to differences in the reported results and conclusions of various studies. Heterogeneity ...of the samples has been suggested as a reason for conflicting results. Besides the obvious theoretical differences between the brace concepts, the variability in the technical factors can also explain the contradictory results between same brace types. This paper will investigate the degree of variability among responses of scoliosis specialists from the Brace Study Ground of the International Society on Scoliosis Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Treatment SOSORT. Ultimately, this information could be a foundation for establishing a consensus and framework for future prospective controlled studies.
A preliminary questionnaire on the topic of 'brace action' relative to the theory of three-dimensional scoliosis correction and brace treatment was developed and circulated to specialists interested in the conservative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A particular case was presented (main thoracic curve with minor lumbar). Several key points emerged and were used to develop a second questionnaire which was discussed and full filed after the SOSORT consensus meeting (Milano, Italy, January 2005).
Twenty-one questionnaires were completed. The Chêneau brace was the most frequently recommended. The importance of the three point system mechanism was stressed. Options about proper pad placement on the thoracic convexity were divided 50% for the pad reaching or involving the apical vertebra and 50% for the pad acting caudal to the apical vertebra. There was agreement about the direction of the vector force, 85% selecting a 'dorso lateral to ventro medial' direction but about the shape of the pad to produce such a force. Principles related to three-dimensional correction achieved high consensus (80%-85%), but suggested methods of correction were quite diverse.
This study reveals that among participating SOSORT specialists there continues to be a strongly held and conflicting if not a contentious opinion regarding brace design and treatment. If the goal of a 'treatment consensus' is realistic and achievable, significantly more effort will be required to reconcile these differences.
Optimization of the first CUPID detector module Augier, C.; Balata, M.; Barabash, A. S. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
09/2022, Volume:
82, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
CUPID will be a next generation experiment searching for the neutrinoless double
β
decay, whose discovery would establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Based on the experience achieved with ...the CUORE experiment, presently taking data at LNGS, CUPID aims to reach a background free environment by means of scintillating Li
2
100
MoO
4
crystals coupled to light detectors. Indeed, the simultaneous heat and light detection allows us to reject the dominant background of
α
particles, as proven by the CUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo demonstrators. In this work we present the results of the first test of the CUPID baseline module. In particular, we propose a new optimized detector structure and light sensors design to enhance the engineering and the light collection, respectively. We characterized the heat detectors, achieving an energy resolution of (5.9 ± 0.2) keV FWHM at the
Q
-value of
100
Mo (about 3034 keV). We studied the light collection of the baseline CUPID design with respect to an alternative configuration which features gravity-assisted light detectors’ mounting. In both cases we obtained an improvement in the light collection with respect to past measures and we validated the particle identification capability of the detector, which ensures an
α
particle rejection higher than 99.9%, fully satisfying the requirements for CUPID.
Neutrinoless double beta decay (
0
ν
β
β
) is one of the most sensitive probes for physics beyond the Standard Model, providing unique information on the nature of neutrinos. In this paper we review ...the status and outlook for bolometric
0
ν
β
β
decay searches. We summarize recent advances in background suppression demonstrated using bolometers with simultaneous readout of heat and light signals. We simulate several configurations of a future CUORE-like bolometer array which would utilize these improvements and present the sensitivity reach of a hypothetical next-generation bolometric
0
ν
β
β
experiment. We demonstrate that a bolometric experiment with the isotope mass of about 1 ton is capable of reaching the sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass (
|
m
e
e
|
) of order 10–20 meV, thus completely exploring the so-called inverted neutrino mass hierarchy region. We highlight the main challenges and identify priorities for an R&D program addressing them.
Abstract
We report the identification of metastable isomeric states of
$$^{228}$$
228
Ac at 6.28 keV, 6.67 keV and 20.19 keV, with lifetimes of an order of 100 ns. These states are produced by the
...$$\beta $$
β
-decay of
$$^{228}$$
228
Ra, a component of the
$$^{232}$$
232
Th decay chain, with
$$\beta $$
β
Q-values of 39.52 keV, 39.13 keV and 25.61 keV, respectively. Due to the low Q-value of
$$^{228}$$
228
Ra as well as the relative abundance of
$$^{232}$$
232
Th and their progeny in low background experiments, these observations potentially impact the low-energy background modeling of dark matter search experiments.
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