Inflammation, Immunity, and Cancer Singh, Rajesh; Mishra, Manoj Kumar; Aggarwal, Himanshu
Mediators of inflammation,
01/2017, Volume:
2017
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Rajesh Singh 1 and Manoj Kumar Mishra 2 and Himanshu Aggarwal 3 1, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA, msm.edu 2, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA, alasu.edu 3, University of ...Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, uab.edu Received Sep 17, 2017; Accepted Sep 17, 2017 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Another paper discusses osteopontin (OPN) appears to be a key determinant of the crosstalk between cancer cells and the host microenvironment, which in turn modulates immune evasion and describe the role of systemic, tumor-derived and stroma-derived OPN, highlighting its pivotal role at the crossroads of inflammation and tumor progression. In order to enhance immunity against cancer cells, genes elevating oncoimmunity have been engineered within the oncolytic virus. ...a genetically engineered oncolytic virus with mAbs can be generated for advancement treatment in HCC models.
Background
Thalictrum foliolosum
, a member of the Ranunculus family, is recognized for its therapeutic potential in addressing gastric issues, dyspepsia, tooth pain, abdominal colic pain, and piles. ...The diverse array of secondary metabolites present in the plant contributes to these therapeutic applications. This study aims to uncover and quantify the bioactive secondary metabolites found in the unexplored leaves, stems, and roots of
T. foliolosum
. Additionally, we also aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and MIC values of these extracts against a panel of pathogenic bacteria, such as pathogenic strains, including
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutant
and
Staphylococcus aureus
.
Result
HPLC analysis suggested all examined compounds were found significantly more in root parts of plant. To determine the potential antimicrobial activity of different plant parts result suggested chloroform fraction of root most effective with variable potency against each examined pathogen at 25–100 µg/ml extracts which indicated rich content of berberine in this fraction. Minimum MIC (121.26 µg/mL) of the chloroform fraction of the root was also supported the results. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis by gas chromatography revealed that the stem contained high levels of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linolenic acid, all of which have antibacterial properties.
Conclusion
The potential antimicrobial activity of extracts of various plant parts strongly supports the
T. foliolosum
plant's widespread use in folk medicine for the treatment of various chronic diseases and adulterants with various associated medicinal plant species.
Climate change has devastating effects on plant growth and yield. During ontogenesis, plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity, affecting the crop loss ...(20-50%) and making them vulnerable in terms of survival. These stresses lead to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage nucleic acid, proteins, and lipids. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have remarkable capabilities in combating drought and salinity stress and improving plant growth, which enhances the crop productivity and contributes to food security. PGPB inoculation under abiotic stresses promotes plant growth through several modes of actions, such as the production of phytohormones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, exopolysaccharide, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, extracellular polymeric substances, volatile organic compounds, modulate antioxidants defense machinery, and abscisic acid, thereby preventing oxidative stress. These bacteria also provide osmotic balance; maintain ion homeostasis; and induce drought and salt-responsive genes, metabolic reprogramming, provide transcriptional changes in ion transporter genes, etc. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the effects of PGPB on drought and salinity stress to mitigate its detrimental effects. Furthermore, we also discuss the mechanistic insights of PGPB towards drought and salinity stress tolerance for sustainable agriculture.
Biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules produced from microorganisms. There are relatively few species known where the detailed chemical characterization of biosurfactant has been reported. Here, we ...report isolation and chemical characterization of the biosurfactant produced by a biodesulfurizing bacterium Gordonia sp. IITR100. Biosurfactant production was determined by performing oil spreading, drop-collapse, Emulsion index (E24), and Bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH) assay. The biosurfactant was identified as a glycolipid by LCMS and GCMS analysis. The chemical structure was further confirmed by performing FTIR and NMR of the extracted biosurfactant. The emulsion formed by the biosurfactant was found to be stable between temperatures of 4°C to 30°C, pH of 6 to 10 and salt concentrations up to 2%. It was successful in reducing the surface tension of the aqueous media from 61.06 mN/m to 36.82 mN/m. The biosurfactant produced can be used in petroleum, detergents, soaps, the food and beverage industry and the healthcare industry.
In modern power systems, there is a greater penetration of renewable sources, resulting in the expansion of microgrid. By implementing RES instead of conventional synchronous machines, the system’s ...overall inertia is significantly reduced. Modern and future power systems must reduce system inertia and keep the frequency at its nominal value since frequency oscillation impacts on the functionality, stability, and resilience of the system. Therefore, creating a stable, scalable, and reliable virtual inertia control system is crucial to effectively minimize the deviations during significant contingencies. Consequently, taking into account the probable issues, the foremost objective of this research work is to improve the dynamic security of an island microgrid through the implementation of a frequency control concept based on virtual inertia control. In the research study, the proposed microgrid system comprises of photovoltaics, wind-generating units, thermal power units, storage units, electric vehicles (EVs), and loads. A cascaded PIDFN controller is optimally designed using a novel metaheuristic modified differential evolution (MDE) algorithm that regulates the frequency based on virtual inertia control. In the MATLAB®/SIMULINK environment, various operating situations such as load variations, RES, and EVs disconnection are investigated, and the performance of the VIC-based MDE controller was compared to that of other controllers based on evolutionary optimization algorithms such as DE and TLBO. The results validate that the recommended virtual inertia control strategy enhances the reliability of the system.
Minocycline is broadly protective in neurological disease models featuring inflammation and cell death and is being evaluated in clinical trials. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the most ...important causes of viral encephalitis worldwide. There is no specific treatment for Japanese encephalitis (JE) and no effective antiviral drugs have been discovered. Studies indicate that JE involves profound neuronal loss as well as secondary inflammation caused because of cell death. Minocycline is a semisynthetic second‐generation tetracycline that exerts anti‐inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects that are completely separate from its antimicrobial action. Because tetracycline treatment is clinically well tolerated, we investigated whether minocycline protects against experimental model of JE. Intravenous inoculation of GP78 strain of JEV in adult mice results in lethal encephalitis and caused primarily because of neuronal death and secondary inflammation caused because of cell death. Minocycline confers complete protection in mice following JEV infection (p < 0.0001). Neuronal apoptosis, microglial activation, active caspase activity, proinflammatory mediators, and viral titer were markedly decreased in minocycline‐treated JEV infected mice on ninth day post‐infection. Treatment with minocycline may act directly on brain cells, because neuronal cell line Neuro2a were also salvaged from JEV‐induced death. Our data suggest that minocycline may be a candidate to consider in human clinical trials for JE patients.
Abstract
The complexity of multimedia has expanded dramatically as a result of recent technology breakthroughs, and retrieval of similar multimedia material remains an ongoing research topic. ...Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems search huge databases for pictures that are related to the query image (QI). Existing CBIR algorithms extract just a subset of feature sets, limiting retrieval efficacy. The sorting of photos with a high degree of visual similarity is a necessary step in any image retrieval technique. Because a single feature is not resilient to image datasets modifications, feature combining, also known as feature fusion, is employed in CBIR to increase performance. This work describes a CBIR system in which combining DarkNet-19 and DarkNet-53 information to retrieve images. Experiments on the Wang (Corel 1K) database reveal a considerable improvement in precision over state-of-the-art classic techniques as well as Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN).
Nowadays, increasing population, widespread urbanization, rise in living standards together with versatile use of polymers have caused non-biodegradable polymeric wastes affecting the environment a ...chronic global problem, simultaneously, the existing high energy demand in our society is a matter of great concern. Hence forth, this review article provides an insight into the technological approach of pyrolysis emphasizing catalytic pyrolysis for conversion of polymeric wastes into energy products and presents an alternative waste management technique which is a leap towards developing sustainable environment. Pyrolysis of waste non-biodegradable polymer materials involves controlled thermal decomposition in the absence of oxygen, cracking their macromolecules into lower molecular weight ones, resulting into the formation of a wide range of products from hydrogen, hydrocarbons to coke. Nanocatalyzed pyrolysis is a recommended solution to the low thermal conductivity of polymers, promoting faster reactions in breaking the C-C bonds at lower temperatures, denoting less energy consumption and enabling enhancement in the process selectivity, whereby higher value added products are generated with increased yield. Nanotechnology plays an indispensable role in academic research as well as in industrial applications. Existing reviews illustrate that one of the oldest application field of nanotechnology is in the arena of nanocatalysis. Nanocatalysis closes the gap between homo and heterogeneous catalyses while combines their advantageous characteristics and positive aspects, reducing the respective drawbacks. During the current nanohype, nanostructured catalysts are esteemed materials and their exploration provide promising solutions for challenges from the perspective of cost and factors influencing catalytic activity, due to their featured high surface area to volume ratio which render enhanced properties with respect to the bulk catalyst.
The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive framework for evaluating the interconnectivity of digital measurements that significantly contribute to energy sustainability in the European ...energy domain. Our research aims to clarify the challenges presented by the digital era and its influence on sustainable energy solutions. To achieve this, we employ the DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) approach and the MICMAC (Matrice d'Impacts Croisés-Multiplication Appliquée, à un Classement) methodology through a survey-based taxonomy of digital measurements. The resulting hierarchy and contextual linkages among critical measurements in Europe's energy domain shed light on ten key dimensions of digitalization for energy sustainability, including the “decision-making process” the “sustainable value chain,” the “sustainable supply chain,” “sustainable product life cycle,” and “interconnection of diverse equipment”. However, the “transformation of the energy market and ”smart manufacturing technologies“ play a significant role in energy sustainability. By prioritizing these dimensions, we aim to enhance convenience and effectiveness and diminish preservation in energy products. The practical implications of our framework can support institutions, experts, and academics in forecasting essential energy dimensions and complement ongoing research on digitalization and sustainable energy. Our research contributes novel insights into the analysis of digitalization dimensions within the European energy industry, leveraging a cohesive ISM (Interpretive Structural Modeling), MICMAC, and DEMATEL framework.
Motive of this article is to analyse the heat transfer and nanoparticle migration in a stagnation point flow of nanofluid towards a continuously deforming riga plate with the help of passive flow ...control technique. The mathematical model dictating the flow situation are based on Buongiorno’s two phase convective heat transport model. The partial differential equations of the mathematical model are transformed into dimensionless ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity variables. The numerical similar solution of the problem is obtained using the MATLAB’s inbuilt bvp4c package. The results for velocity, temperature, nanoparticle volume fraction and quantities of engineering interests are presented graphically to show the effect of various flow controlling parameters. Further, Taguchi optimization technique along with ANOVA and multivariate regression analysis is performed to optimize the heat transfer of the system against selected parameters. The statistical analysis for the Nusselt number suggests that, the thermophoresis effect is most significant phenomenon, whereas Brownian motion has least significance over the Nusselt number among the flow parameters. The outcome of present study have implication in many real life processes, such as the thermal design of industrial equipment dealing with molten plastics, crystalline materials and polymeric liquids.
Display omitted
•A detailed analysis of heat transfer characteristics in a stagnation point flow ofnanofluid flow towards a continuously deforming riga plate is presented.•The use of Taguchi optimization technique to optimize the heat transfer of the system against selected parameters.•Analysis of Variance along with multivariate regression is performed for Nusselt number against key parameters to assess the contribution of these parameters in Heat transfer enhancement.
PDF
