Treatment of malignant melanoma has made great strides in the last decade. On the one hand, immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular targeted drugs improved the prognosis of patients. On the other ...hand, it is very important to be aware of the causes of malignant melanoma based on the latest knowledge. In this review, I will briefly review the carcinogenic mechanism of malignant melanoma from the aspects of ultraviolet rays, mechanical stress, trauma and so on.
IgA, previously called Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis, is an essential immune component that drives the host immune response to the external environment. As IgA has the unique characteristic of a ...flexible response to broad types of microorganisms, it sometimes causes an autoreactive response in the host human body. IgA vasculitis and related organ dysfunction are representative IgA-mediated autoimmune diseases; bacterial and viral infections often trigger IgA vasculitis. Recent drug developments and the presence of COVID-19 have revealed that these agents can also trigger IgA vasculitis. These findings provide a novel understanding of the pathogenesis of IgA vasculitis. In this review, we focus on the characteristics of IgA and symptoms of IgA vasculitis and other organ dysfunction. We also mention the therapeutic approach, biomarkers, novel triggers for IgA vasculitis, and epigenetic modifications in patients with IgA vasculitis.
Daily lifestyle is a fundamental part of human life and its influence accumulates daily in the human body. We observe that a good daily lifestyle has a beneficial impact on our health; however, the ...actual effects of individual daily lifestyle factors on human skin diseases, especially skin cancers, have not been summarized. In this review, we focused on the influence of daily lifestyle on the development of skin cancer and described the detailed molecular mechanisms of the development or regulation of cutaneous malignancies. Several daily lifestyle factors, such as circadian rhythm disruption, smoking, alcohol, fatty acids, dietary fiber, obesity, and ultraviolet light, are known to be associated with the risk of cutaneous malignancies, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma. Although the influence of some daily lifestyles on the risk of skin cancers is controversial, this review provides us a better understanding of the relationship between daily lifestyle factors and skin cancers.
Maresin-1 and Inflammatory Disease Saito-Sasaki, Natsuko; Sawada, Yu; Nakamura, Motonobu
International journal of molecular sciences,
01/2022, Volume:
23, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Inflammation is an essential action to protect the host human body from external, harmful antigens and microorganisms. However, an excessive inflammation reaction sometimes exceeds tissue damage and ...can disrupt organ functions. Therefore, anti-inflammatory action and resolution mechanisms need to be clarified. Dietary foods are an essential daily lifestyle that influences various human physiological processes and pathological conditions. Especially, omega-3 fatty acids in the diet ameliorate chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Recent studies have identified that omega-3 fatty acid derivatives, such as the resolvin series, showed strong anti-inflammatory actions in various inflammatory diseases. Maresin-1 is a derivative of one of the representative omega-3 fatty acids, i.e., docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and has shown beneficial action in inflammatory disease models. In this review, we summarize the detailed actions of maresin-1 in immune cells and inflammatory diseases.
Abstract Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays important roles not only in the morphogenesis but also in wound repair, tissue fibrosis and cancer progression. Recently, regulatory mechanism ...of this process has been elaborately elucidated. EMT can be a new therapeutic target for treating skin ulcer, fibrosing alopecia, and malignant cutaneous cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma.
Alopecia areata is a representative inflammatory skin disease that is associated with various environmental stimuli. While psychological stress is believed to be a major pathogenetic trigger in ...alopecia areata, infants and newborns also suffer from the disease, suggesting the possible presence of other environmental factors. Daily lifestyle is well known to be involved in various inflammatory diseases and influences the severity of inflammatory skin diseases. However, only a limited number of studies have summarized these influences on alopecia areata. In this review article, we summarize lifestyle factor-related influences on the pathogenesis of alopecia areata and focus on environmental factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep, obesity, fatty acids, and gluten consumption.
Humans are exposed to various external environmental factors. Food intake is one of the most influential factors impacting daily lifestyle. Among nutrients obtained from foods, omega-3 ...polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have various beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, omega-3 PUFA metabolites, including resolvins, are known to demonstrate strong anti-inflammatory effects during allergic and inflammatory diseases; however, little is known regarding the actual impact of these metabolites on skin diseases. In this review, we focused on metabolites that have strong anti-inflammatory actions in various inflammatory diseases, as well as those that present antitumor actions in malignancies, in addition to the actual effect of omega-3 PUFA metabolites on various cells.
Daily Lifestyle and Inflammatory Skin Diseases Sawada, Yu; Saito-Sasaki, Natsuko; Mashima, Emi ...
International journal of molecular sciences,
05/2021, Volume:
22, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Throughout life, it is necessary to adapt to the Earth’s environment in order to survive. A typical example of this is that the daily Earth cycle is different from the circadian rhythm in human ...beings; however, the ability to adapt to the Earth cycle has contributed to the development of human evolution. In addition, humans can consume and digest Earth-derived foods and use luxury materials for nutrition and enrichment of their lives, as an adaptation to the Earth’s environment. Recent studies have shown that daily lifestyles are closely related to human health; however, less attention has been paid to the fact that obesity due to excessive energy intake, smoking, and alcohol consumption contributes to the development of inflammatory skin diseases. Gluten or wheat protein, smoking and alcohol, sleep disturbance, and obesity drive the helper T (Th)1/Th2/Th17 immune response, whereas dietary fiber and omega-3 fatty acids negatively regulate inflammatory cytokine production. In this review, we have focused on daily lifestyles and the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases.
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