The aim of this study is to examine the energy efficiencies of dairy products produced in dairy enterprises in Konya region and to provide suggestions to increase energy efficiency. For this purpose, ...125 dairy enterprises have been selected as samples by using stratified random sampling method to identify the enterprises to be examined. As a result, 8.05% of total energy input per cow was direct energy and 91.95% was indirect energy. 89.66% of total energy output is from milk production, 4.65% is from productive stock value (PSV) and 5.69% is cow manure. The energy use efficiency in the research area was found to be 1.07. Energy productivity in milk production has been calculated as 0.13 (kgMJ−1) when milk production per unit animal was taken into consideration. The specific energy value per dairy cow has been calculated as 7.42 MJ/kg. A non-parametric production function of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) has been applied to optimize energy use in dairy enterprises. The average technical efficiency (TE) in the research area has been calculated as 0.921. In this sense, the amount of input needs to be reduced by 7.9% in order to achieve the same level of production.
•Energy use efficiency were calculated 1.07.•Energy productivity were calculated 0.13 kg MJ−1•Average specific energy is calculated 7.42 MJ/kg.•Direct and indirect energies were calculated as 11,973 MJ cow−1 and 135,686 MJ cow−1.•Technical efficiency were calculated as 0.921, pure technical efficiency 1 and scale efficiency 0.921.
"How can we animate 3D-characters from a movie script or move robots by simply telling them what we would like them to do?" "How unstructured and complex can we make a sentence and still generate ...plausible movements from it?" These are questions that need to be answered in the long-run, as the field is still in its infancy. Inspired by these problems, we present a new technique for generating compositional actions, which handles complex input sentences. Our output is a 3D pose sequence depicting the actions in the input sentence. We propose a hierarchical two-stream sequential model to explore a finer joint-level mapping between natural language sentences and 3D pose sequences corresponding to the given motion. We learn two manifold representations of the motion, one each for the upper body and the lower body movements. Our model can generate plausible pose sequences for short sentences describing single actions as well as long complex sentences describing multiple sequential and compositional actions. We evaluate our proposed model on the publicly available KIT Motion-Language Dataset containing 3D pose data with human-annotated sentences. Experimental results show that our model advances the state-of-the-art on text-based motion synthesis in objective evaluations by a margin of 50%. Qualitative evaluations based on a user study indicate that our synthesized motions are perceived to be the closest to the ground-truth motion captures for both short and compositional sentences.
Agricultural insurance is one of the management risk tools. This research aimed to analyze the factors affecting food crop farmers’ agricultural insurance in the Altınekin District of Konya Province. ...To obtain data using a questionnaire by interviewing 66 food crop farms entreprises who did agricultural insurance in the previous year. The population sampling was calculated with a single-stage non-clustered probability sampling. Factors affecting farmers’ agricultural insurance were analyzed by Binary Logistic Regression. The results of the analysis of factors affecting farmers’ willingness to take out agricultural insurance were farmers age, education, land size, sources from which they receive information on agricultural insurance, and the amount of support paid by the state, the amount of debt, pure product and agricultural income. The sources from which they received information on agricultural insurance had negative effect. The other factors have a positive effect. Providing education and advertising about agricultural insurance to farmers can increase the willingness of farmers to take out agricultural insurance. Support in the form of assistance on agricultural insurance of the government is also needed.
This research was conducted in Indonesia and Turkey. The aims of this study is to analyse the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) of trade relations in macro-scale of ...commodities, the industry attractiveness, trade potential, strategic orientation of the palm oil commodities traded between Turkey and Indonesia, and to analyse the industry competitive forces. The data used are primary and secondary data both quantitative and qualitative. The primary data obtained from deep interview by purposive sampling, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method by online and offline communication, and from experts acquisition. The secondary data obtained from UN Comrade, FAOSTAT, IMF, World Bank, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Agriculture and other relevant agencies. Descriptive data were analysed using the SWOT Matrix method, the SOR (Strategic Orientation) Matrix method, Internal Factor Analysis (IFAS), External Factor Analysis (EFAS), Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE), and the Porter’s Five Competitive Forces Matrix. Based on the diagram by the internal-external factor matrix, it is known that the condition of between Turkey and Indonesia were same condition on the Divest (X = 0.67; Y = 1.42) and (X = 1.31; Y = 0.57). Therefore, the main suggestion concluded by the study were that the best attack strategy for Turkey are to strengthen the defence strategy first, before then attack has been better for national agro-industrial ability.
This study evaluates the economic activity results of dairy cattle enterprises in Konya Province. The data used in the research was obtained through questionnaire technique from 125 dairy cattle ...enterprises which were determined with stratified random sampling method on a voluntary basis. The total active captial of the enterprises are $845,330.85 and the share of animal capital is 26.27%. Average cattle number in the enterprises have been determined to be 104.95 heads, cow number is 61.22 heads per farm while average daily milk yield in the enterprises is determined as 27.45 lt/head for milker cows. The total average variable cost in dairy cattle enterprises is calculated to be $104,235.23 and the sum of all fixed cost is $40,496.15. The share of feed cost in variable costs is 84.33%. Gross Production Value (GPV) is $194,759.57 and 85.08% of this value is from milk and milk products. Gross profit per enterprise is $90,524.34 and net profit is $50,028.19. In the study, the milk cost is calculated at $0.31/lt. Sale price of milk of enterprises is $0.42/lt in 2015. In the research field, economic profitability of enterprises is calculated at 2.04% and financial profitability is calculated at 2.02%. As a result of the research, the greatest problems of dairy cattle enterprises are identified as supplying of roughage and concentrate feed, low levels of organization, low number of milked stocks, and taking individual actions against the market.
Turkey has a total land potential of 78 million ha with a population about 74 million. About one third of the land is arable, and 26% of the population has lived in rural areas. The active ...population, work in the rural area of Turkey, is 14,767,000 and women have about 51% of that population. The population of women working in agriculture has shown an increase from year to year. In that regard, importance of women in agricultural activities and rural development is very clear. In agricultural enterprises, the individuals are comprised from 54% men and 46% women whose main work is agricultural activities and female economically active population in agriculture is about 55% in Turkey. The Social Gender Inequality Index, SGII, can be used to make some recommendations for policy makers. SGII is still at a high rate of 0.366 in Turkey. In present paper, some secondary data such as reports and statistical data were analyzed about the contributions of women labor uses in agriculture.
In this study, a sector analysis has been conducted to increase the competitiveness of the Turkish fruit nursery using the SWOT and Strategic Orientation Management (SOR) method and strategic aims ...and goals have been determined. It is an important power factor that exports of nursery plants tend to increase. However, the problems experienced in supplying certified sapling production materials are the weakest point of the industry. In addition, the increase in the number of new fruit plantations in recent years in countries that have the high market potential for export of saplings for Turkey and the increasing demand for world fruit saplings are significant opportunities for the sector. The expected increase in the demand for certificated saplings in the near future, protecting of the new varieties accepted in the world market and the high quality of the saplings in the competing countries are the most important threats for Turkey. A total of 7 strategic objectives, 17 targets, and 63 projects/activities were determined in the prepared strategic action plan. In case of the projects/activities defined in the Action Plan are taken into consideration by the stakeholders and cooperated with each other, it is possible that Turkey’s fruit nursery sub-sector could reach the targets set for 2023 and its competitiveness would increase.
This study aims to identify the income level required for agricultural enterprises to achieve economic sustainability. The theory behind the equation used to calculate a sustainable income is ...explained. The ecological, technical, social and economic components of sustainability in agricultural enterprises have been identified and discussed and the importance of economic sustainability in terms of achieving total sustainability has been emphasised. Economic sustainability was divided into three components incorporating the income needed to meet the cost of living and to address depreciation and interest costs for the enterprise. Those enterprises that achieved this income level were determined to be economically sustainable. For this purpose, data was collected by using a face-to-face survey method with 181 agricultural enterprises operating in Konya and analysed in line with the purpose of the study. According to the results of our analysis, it was observed that more than 150 enterprises were not sustainable.
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