An easy preparation of 4‐amino‐1H‐pyrrole‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives and their transformation into new substituted pyrrolo3,2‐bpyridines is described. The one‐step transformation was carried out via ...Friedländer reaction under microwave irradiation and by classical heating methods. The use of microwave irradiation led to high conversion and shorter reaction times.
The biological oxygen demand (BOD) may be the most used test to assess the amount of pollutant organicmatter in water; however, it is time and labor consuming, and is done ex-situ. A BOD biosensor ...based on themicrobial fuel cell principle was tested for online and in situ monitoring of biodegradable organic content ofdomestic wastewater. A stable current density of 282±23 mA/m2 was obtained with domestic wastewatercontaining a BOD5 of 317±15 mg O2/L at 22±2 °C, 1.53±0.04 mS/cm and pH 6.9±0.1. The current densityshowed a linear relationship with BOD5 concentration ranging from 17±0.5 mg O2/L to 78±7.6 mg O2/L. Thecurrent generation from the BOD biosensor was dependent on the measurement conditions such astemperature, conductivity, and pH. Thus, a correction factor should be applied to measurements done underdifferent environmental conditions from the ones used in the calibration. These results provide usefulinformation for the development of a biosensor for real-time in situ monitoring of wastewater quality.
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