Modern large cruise ships have great energy needs for different technological processes on board. The energy needs depend on the operating conditions and the required speed of the ship, and the high ...energy requirements usually mean high fuel costs. With the enforcement of international regulations aimed at reducing environmental pollution, various measures and procedures have been proposed to increase the energy efficiency of ships. This paper outlines method that can be applied to ships without installing new or modification of existing systems and will require somewhat increased attention of chief engineer during voyage and his close cooperation with the captain. Traditionally, the required speed of the ship will be determined by the length of the fairway divided by the time that is available for travel. Analyzing originally collected data from the cruising ship it was concluded that by optimizing the speed of navigation according to the requirements of the route it is possible to achieve significant fuel savings, reduce travel costs, increase energy efficiency and reduce environmentally harmful emissions of the ship.
Contamination of freshwater piping on board ships could result in severe health problems, and hence, in lost of operating hours and profit. The paper aims at presenting the main reasons for the ...growth of bacteria and other parasites. Furthermore, technological and organizational measures for the prevention and suppression of legionella are pointed out.
UPRAVLJANJE IMPRESIJAMA Tomić, Zoran; Tomić, Ivan; Pavić, Davor
South Eastern European Journal of Communication,
12/2020, Volume:
2, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Web Resource
Open access
Autori istražuju fenomen upravljanja impresijama kao proces u kojemu pojedinci pokušavaju utjecati
na percepciju koju ljudi imaju o osobi, nečemu ili nekom događaju. U tom kontekstu ukazuju na ...značenje i tehnike koje pojedinci koriste preko samoprezentacije, samopromocije, samoučinkovitosti,
samosvijesti i pozitivnih iluzija. Upravljanje dojmom može biti svjestan ili podsvjestan proces. U
većini slučajeva, ljudi koji upravljaju dojmom pokušavaju uskladiti percepciju drugih ljudi s njihovim
ciljevima. Impresijama se upravlja i u javnome, ali i privatnom prostoru. Želja da se lijepo izgleda i
da se tako predstavi, stara je koliko i sam čovjek.
Dosad najveću krizu u Europskoj uniji izazvao je veliki migrantski val s Bliskog istoka tijekom 2015./2016. Početkom dolaska migrantskog vala, Europljani su bili gostoljubivi i prihvaćali su nesretne ...došljake. Međutim, sa značajnim rastom broja migranata, taj se odnos počeo mijenjati. Među određenim grupama stanovništva razmahala se ksenofobija i netolerancija prema migrantima, koju su pojačavali sporadični incidenti u kojima su migranti sudjelovali. neočekivana izbjeglička kriza potakla je uspon populizma i porast popularnosti desne političke opcije, koja je sve probleme u društvu počela povezivati upravo s pitanjem migracija. U osnaživanju populizma važnu ulogu imao je i medijski sustav, osobito digitalni mediji, koji su postali primarna komunikacijska i mobilizacijska platforma populista.
Najveća kriza Europske unije do sada uzrokovana je značajnim migracijskim valom s Bliskog istoka 2015./2016. Na početku migracijskog vala Europljani su bili gostoljubivi i prihvatili su nesretne strance. No, sa značajnim povećanjem broja migranata, taj se stav počeo mijenjati. Među pojedinim skupinama stanovništva počela je bujati ksenofobija i netolerancija prema migrantima, što je potpomognuto sporadičnim incidentima u kojima su migranti sudjelovali. Neočekivana izbjeglička kriza potaknula je porast populizma i porast popularnosti desne političke opcije koja je sve probleme u društvu počela povezivati s pitanjem migracija. Za jačanje populizma važnu su ulogu odigrali mediji, posebice digitalni koji su postali primarna komunikacijska i mobilizacijska platforma populista.
AIM：To compare the recurrent bleeding after endoscopic injection of different epinephrine volumes with hemoclips in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer.METHODS：Between January 2005 and December ...2009,150 patients with gastric or duodenal bleeding ulcer with major stigmata of hemorrhage and nonbleeding visible vessel in an ulcer bed（Forrest Ⅱa） were included in the study.Patients were randomized to receive a small-volume epinephrine group（15 to 25 mL injection group;Group 1,n = 50）,a large-volume epinephrine group（30 to 40 mL injection group;Group 2,n = 50） and a hemoclip group（Group 3,n = 50）.The rate of recurrent bleeding,as the primary outcome,was compared between the groups of patients included in the study.Secondary outcomes compared between the groups were primary hemostasis rate,permanent hemostasis,need for emergency surgery,30 d mortality,bleeding-related deaths,length of hospital stay and transfusion requirements.RESULTS：Initial hemostasis was obtained in all patients.The rate of early recurrent bleeding was 30%（15/50） in the small-volume epinephrine group（Group 1） and 16%（8/50） in the large-volume epinephrine group（Group 2）（P = 0.09）.The rate of recurrent bleeding was 4%（2/50） in the hemoclip group（Group 3）;the difference was statistically significant with regard to patients treated with either small-volume or large-volume epinephrine solution（P = 0.0005 and P = 0.045,respectively）.Duration of hospital stay was significantly shorter among patients treated with hemoclips than among patients treated with epinephrine whereas there were no differences in transfusion requirement or even 30 d mortality between the groups.CONCLUSION：Endoclip is superior to both small and large volume injection of epinephrine in the prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer.
This paper assesses the profitability of battery storage systems (BSS) by focusing on the internal rate of return (IRR) as a profitability measure which offers advantages over other frequently used ...measures, most notably the net present value (NPV). Furthermore, this study proposes a multi-objective optimisation (MOO) approach to IRR estimation instead of relying on the simple linear optimisation and compares the results to the popular linear optimisation with battery cycle-cost penalty. The analysis is conducted under perfect foresight conditions by considering multiple revenue streams: arbitrage trading in the day-ahead and intraday markets, peak shaving, participating in the primary reserves market, and from photovoltaic (PV) power-generation unit. Data are collected for the German power market for 2017 and 2021. The results show that MOO approach yields similar IRR estimates to the cycle-cost model in 2017. However, higher market volatility and increased electricity prices in 2021 resulted in tangible differences. The analysis shows that, if such conditions are coupled with a low battery capacity price, the MOO method significantly outperforms the cycle-cost model. The effects of battery calendar lifetime and state of charge which decrease profitability are also considered. Nevertheless, a noticeable rise in profitability in 2021 relative to 2017 could provide enough compensation to address the issue of relatively poor viability track record.
U radu se analizira utjecaj uvoðenja eura na sniženje troška zaduživanja članica EU-a. Rezultati analize upućuju na postojanje "europremije" - uzmu li se u obzir kretanja makroekonomskih fundamenata ...pojedinih država i raspoloženje investitora na financijskim tržištima, članice monetarne unije u prosjeku imaju nižu cijenu zaduživanja i viši kreditni rejting od ostalih članica EU-a. Kako bi se upozorilo na važnost koju dobiveni rezultati, u slučaju uvoðenja eura, mogu imati na kretanje kamatnih stopa banaka u Hrvatskoj, s pomoću jednostavnog VAR modela pokazuje se da postoji statistički značajan prijenos kretanja troška zaduživanja države na kamatne stope kredita poslovnih banaka.
In this paper, we studied the influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilization additive on optical and electrical properties of perovskite formamidinium lead iodide (FAPI) polycrystalline ...thin films on ZnO nanorods (ZNR). FAPI (as an active layer) was deposited from a single solution on ZNR (low temperature processed electron transport layer) using a one-step method with the inclusion of an anti-solvent. The role of PVP in the formation of the active layer was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements to observe the effect on morphology, while X-ray diffraction was used as a method to study the stability of the film in an ambient environment. The effect of the PVP additive on the optical and electrical properties of the perovskite thin films was studied via photoluminescence, UV-Vis measurements, and electrical impedance spectroscopy. We have demonstrated that PVP inclusion in solution-processed perovskite FAPI thin films prevents the degradation of the film in an ambient atmosphere after aging for 2 months. The inclusion of the PVP also improves the infiltration of FAPI perovskite into ZnO nanostructures, increases electrical conductivity and radiative recombination of the photo-generated charge carriers. These results show promising information for promoting PVP stabilized FAPI perovskites for the new generation of photovoltaic devices.
Transparent conducting oxides (TCO) with high electrical conductivity and at the same time high transparency in the visible spectrum are an important class of materials widely used in many devices ...requiring a transparent contact such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells and display screens. Since the improvement of electrical conductivity usually leads to degradation of optical transparency, a fine-tuning sample preparation process and a better understanding of the correlation between structural and transport properties is necessary for optimizing the properties of TCO for use in such devices. Here we report a structural and magnetotransport study of tin oxide (SnO2), a well-known and commonly used TCO, prepared by a simple and relatively cheap Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition (APCVD) method in the form of thin films deposited on soda-lime glass substrates. The thin films were deposited at two different temperatures (which were previously found to be close to optimum for our setup), 590 °C and 610 °C, and with (doped) or without (undoped) the addition of fluorine dopants. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXRD) revealed the presence of inhomogeneity in the samples, on a bigger scale in form of grains (80–200 nm), and on a smaller scale in form of crystallites (10–25 nm). Charge carrier density and mobility extracted from DC resistivity and Hall effect measurements were in the ranges 1–3 × 1020 cm−3 and 10–20 cm2/Vs, which are typical values for SnO2 films, and show a negligible temperature dependence from room temperature down to −269 °C. Such behaviour is ascribed to grain boundary scattering, with the interior of the grains degenerately doped (i.e., the Fermi level is situated well above the conduction band minimum) and with negligible electrostatic barriers at the grain boundaries (due to high dopant concentration). The observed difference for factor 2 in mobility among the thin-film SnO2 samples most likely arises due to the difference in the preferred orientation of crystallites (texture coefficient).
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