Sarcoptic mange caused by Sarcoptes scabiei can have catastrophic consequences for wildlife. We inspected 122 Andean foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus), collected by active (n=66) or passive (n=56) ...surveillance, and 28 South American gray foxes (Lycalopex griseus; all from passive surveillance) for mange in Chile (2015-19). In Andean foxes, gross lesions of mange were diagnosed in 24% of passively and 9% of actively collected foxes, although observed prevalences might be underestimated. Seroprevalence was 37 and 18%, respectively, indicating that some individuals recovered from infection or were developing the disease. No differences were found between age and sex groups. Comparing data from passive surveillance, occurrence of gross lesions was lower in gray foxes (5%). Body condition was significantly better in Andean foxes without lesions than in diseased foxes, which had significantly lower albumin concentrations than healthy individuals. Among the 12 foxes with gross lesions, four, six and two individuals were categorized as having type I, type II, and type III lesions, respectively, based on clinical severity. Histologic severity correlated with gross lesions and included irregular epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis, which was marked in type II and III infections. Conventional PCR targeting of the cox1 gene fragment revealed four nucleotide sequence types, showing 99-100% identity among them and between 99% and 100% identity with previously published sequences of S. scabiei. A significant association between the occurrence of mange in foxes and distance to the nearest house was found. We speculate that diseased foxes tended to approach human settlements, perhaps in search of food. Visual inspection of 211 rural dogs from the study area did not reveal gross mange lesions in any animal. Sarcoptic mange is enzootic in the Andean fox in the study area and should be considered in the management of the species.
Blood samples of 626 rural dogs, 140 Andean foxes (
), and 83 South American grey foxes (
) from six bioregions of Chile spanning 3000 km were screened for
DNA by conventional PCR and sequencing. ...Risk factors of infection were inferred using Generalized Linear Mixed Models and genetic structure by network analyses. Overall,
/
(
/
) and
Mycoplasma haematoparvum (
Mhp) observed prevalence was 23.8% and 12.8% in dogs, 20.1% and 7.2% in Andean foxes, and 26.5% and 8.4% in grey foxes, respectively. Both hemoplasmas were confirmed in all the bioregions, with higher prevalence in those where ticks from the
species group were absent.
M. haematominutum and a
sp. previously found in South American carnivores were detected in one fox each. Although the most prevalent
and
Mhp sequence types were shared between dogs and foxes, network analysis revealed genetic structure of
between hosts in some regions. Male sex was associated with a higher risk of
and
Mhp infection in dogs, and adult age with
Mhp infection, suggesting that direct transmission is relevant. No risk factor was identified in foxes. Our study provides novel information about canine hemoplasmas with relevance in distribution, transmission routes, and cross-species transmission.
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo concientizar sobre el daño que hacen los plásticos vertidos en el mar y proporcionar información acerca del manejo médico de ejemplares de tortugas verdes del ...pacifico bajo cuidado humano ante la necesidad de atención de los mismos. Se presenta un caso de un ejemplar hembra adulto de Chelonia mydas rescatado en la ciudad de Constitución a 200 Km al sur poniente del Centro de Rehabilitación de Fauna Silvestre (CRFS) de Parque Safari. El ejemplar evidencia un cuadro de síndrome de embollamiento con flotación caudal, debido al acumulo de gases propio del íleo paralitico, a su vez presenta lesiones lacerativas en aleta de miembro anterior izquierdo. Se decide realizar la ruta diagnóstica con examen clínico y métodos complementarios como radiografías, ecografías y análisis sanguíneos, además de un proceso quirúrgico para acelerar la recuperación de heridas. Luego de tres meses de proceso de rehabilitación se concluye con la reinserción del ejemplar en la bahía Chascos, comuna de Caldera, a un total de 800 km al norte del CRFS. Para la rehabilitación de este ejemplar, se recorrió cerca de 1000 km por las rutas de Chile desde su rescate hasta su reinserción, con colaboraciones desde el sector público y privado para la gestión de su proceso.
El objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar información acerca de patologías propias de grandes felinos seniles, las cuales pueden ocurrir bajo cuidado humano ya que muchas veces la cautividad ...aumenta la esperanza de vida de la especie en cuestión. Se presenta un caso de un ejemplar de León africano macho adulto, el cual evidencia de forma aguda ataxia de tipo medular la cual no cede a la terapéutica analgésica antiinflamatoria. Se decide contención química para ruta diagnostica a fin de evidenciar la posible causa de la enfermedad en el animal. Se realiza examen clínico, perfil hematológico y bioquímico sumado a serología de enfermedades infecciosas y examen radiográfico bajo anestesia general. Los resultados evidencian lesiones en discos intervertebrales compatibles con enfermedad degenerativa discal múltiple. Citadas en la literatura y en los resultados de este trabajo, las enfermedades degenerativas pueden darse en grandes felinos seniles bajo cuidado humano. La posibilidad de apoyo en métodos complementarios permite confirmar el diagnóstico y tener un pronóstico para la toma de decisiones considerando el bienestar del animal. Se decide a través de la comprobación diagnóstica, la eutanasia del individuo
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