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This study aims to explore the etiology of peri‐implantitis by comparing the metabolic profiles in peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) from patients with healthy implants (PH) and those with ...peri‐implantitis (PI).
Materials and Methods
Fifty‐six patients were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. PICF samples were collected and analyzed using both non‐targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. The relationship between metabolites and clinical indices including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and marginal bone loss (MBL) was examined. Additionally, submucosal microbiota was collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to elucidate the association between the metabolites and microbial communities.
Results
Significant differences in metabolic profiles were observed between the PH and PI groups, with 179 distinct metabolites identified. In the PI group, specific amino acids and fatty acids were significantly elevated compared to the PH group. Organic acids including succinic acid, fructose‐6‐phosphate, and glucose‐6‐phosphate were markedly higher in the PI group, showing positive correlations with mean PD, BOP, and MBL. Metabolites that increased in the PI group positively correlated with the presence of Porphyromonas and Treponema and negatively with Streptococcus and Haemophilus.
Conclusions
This study establishes a clear association between metabolic compositions and peri‐implant condition, highlighting enhanced metabolite activity in peri‐implantitis. These findings open avenues for further research into metabolic mechanisms of peri‐implantitis and their potential therapeutic implications.
The precise delivery of growth factors (GFs) in regenerative medicine is crucial for effective tissue regeneration and wound repair. However, challenges in achieving controlled release, such as ...limited half-life, potential overdosing risks, and delivery control complexities, currently hinder their clinical implementation. Despite the plethora of studies endeavoring to accomplish effective loading and gradual release of GFs through diverse delivery methods, the nuanced control of spatial and temporal delivery still needs to be elucidated. In response to this pressing clinical imperative, our review predominantly focuses on explaining the prevalent strategies employed for spatiotemporal delivery of GFs over the past five years. This review will systematically summarize critical aspects of spatiotemporal GFs delivery, including judicious bio-scaffold selection, innovative loading techniques, optimization of GFs activity retention, and stimulating responsive release mechanisms. It aims to identify the persisting challenges in spatiotemporal GFs delivery strategies and offer an insightful outlook on their future development. The ultimate objective is to provide an invaluable reference for advancing regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications.
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•The spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors is pivotal in tissue regeneration engineering.•This review emphasized key factors for achieving spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors.•Various approaches for growth factor delivery in recent 5 years have been summarized in this review.
Aim
To evaluate the long‐term (≥2 years) stability of root coverage procedures for single gingival recessions.
Materials and Methods
A complete literature search was performed up to July 2018. ...Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) following ≥2 years were selected. Primary outcomes were complete root coverage (CRC) and mean root coverage (MRC). Secondary outcomes were width of keratinized tissue (KTW) and patient‐centred parameters. Meta‐analysis was conducted when possible.
Results
A total of fifteen RCTs were included. The results demonstrated significantly higher MRC in short‐term than long‐term after coronally advanced flap (CAF; 7.29%, p = 0.006). When CAF combined with connective tissue graft (CTG), no significant difference was observed in CRC or MRC for short‐term versus long‐term (1.00, p = 0.97; 2.35%, p = 0.09), and it resulted in better long‐term efficacy than CAF alone in terms of CRC (0.69, p = 0.0006) and KTW (−0.63 mm, p = 0.04). For CAF plus enamel matrix derivative, the meta‐analysis showed no significant difference between the short‐term and long‐term results of CRC (1.26, p = 0.21).
Conclusions
CAF alone could result in decreased postoperative percentage of root coverage with time. CAF + CTG could maintain long‐term stability and result in better root coverage outcomes than CAF.
Twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) has recently attracted growing interest due to its unique twist-angle-dependent electronic properties. The preparation of high-quality large-area bilayer graphene with ...rich rotation angles would be important for the investigation of angle-dependent physics and applications, which, however, is still challenging. Here, we demonstrate a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach for growing high-quality tBLG using a hetero-site nucleation strategy, which enables the nucleation of the second layer at a different site from that of the first layer. The fraction of tBLGs in bilayer graphene domains with twist angles ranging from 0° to 30° was found to be improved to 88%, which is significantly higher than those reported previously. The hetero-site nucleation behavior was carefully investigated using an isotope-labeling technique. Furthermore, the clear Moiré patterns and ultrahigh room-temperature carrier mobility of 68,000 cm
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confirmed the high crystalline quality of our tBLG. Our study opens an avenue for the controllable growth of tBLGs for both fundamental research and practical applications.
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•Evidence suggests the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via aerosols is plausible under favorable conditions.•We synthesized the evidence for aerosol transmission and highlight the ...scenarios where SARS-CoV-2 aerosols may be pertinent to transmission.•We summarize precautions and infection control strategies to mitigate aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
As public health teams respond to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), containment and understanding of the modes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission is of utmost importance for policy making. During this time, governmental agencies have been instructing the community on handwashing and physical distancing measures. However, there is no agreement on the role of aerosol transmission for SARS-CoV-2. To this end, we aimed to review the evidence of aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Several studies support that aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is plausible, and the plausibility score (weight of combined evidence) is 8 out of 9. Precautionary control strategies should consider aerosol transmission for effective mitigation of SARS-CoV-2.
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