Tactile rendering has been implemented in digital musical instruments (DMIs) to offer the musician haptic feedback that enhances his/her music playing experience. Recently, this implementation has ...expanded to the development of sensory substitution systems known as haptic music players (HMPs) to give the opportunity of experiencing music through touch to the hearing impaired. These devices may also be conceived as vibrotactile music players to enrich music listening activities. In this review, technology and methods to render musical information by means of vibrotactile stimuli are systematically studied. The methodology used to find out relevant literature is first outlined, and a preliminary classification of musical haptics is proposed. A comparison between different technologies and methods for vibrotactile rendering is performed to later organize the information according to the type of HMP. Limitations and advantages are highlighted to find out opportunities for future research. Likewise, methods for music audio-tactile rendering (ATR) are analyzed and, finally, strategies to compose for the sense of touch are summarized. This review is intended for researchers in the fields of haptics, assistive technologies, music, psychology, and human–computer interaction as well as artists that may make use of it as a reference to develop upcoming research on HMPs and ATR.
We designed two psychophysical experiments to compare the cutaneous rabbit tactile illusion with a cutaneous rabbit recreated using sequential funneling tactile illusions. These illusions were ...rendered between a pair of actuators held with the hands. A tactile illusion is a psychophysical phenomenon that arises when the real stimulus does not match the perceived sensation. Designers exploit tactile illusions to efficiently increase the resolution of vibrotactile displays for human-computer interaction applications. Initially, participants qualitatively compared both rendering methods. Subsequently, individuals reported the upper threshold of the Inter-Stimulus Onset Interval (ISOI) for the cutaneous rabbit and the Time Between Funneling (TBF) illusions of the recreated cutaneous rabbit using funneling, when the illusion broke apart. The primary differences reported between both methods for rendering the cutaneous rabbit illusion were related to the perceived amount of jumps and duration. Overall, funneling performed better at evoking the illusion of a hopping rabbit, while both methods effectively conveyed direction sensations. Finally, the upper ISOI threshold we found for the cutaneous rabbit was consistent with the value reported in the literature, approximately 200 milliseconds, and was surpassed by the TBF of the recreated cutaneous rabbit using funneling.
Utilizing a randomized, blind, controlled experiment, and the ascending method of limits, we determined the minimum amplitude of motion at which individuals perceive a tactile illusion called moving ...phantom sensation, the perceived level of clarity and continuity of motion. Implementing tactile illusions in virtual/augmented reality, sensory substitution systems, and other human–computer interaction technologies results in interfaces with improved resolution, using two vibrating actuators only. The actuators are attached to the skin in different locations to render a moving phantom sensation. The intensity of vibrations increases in one actuator while decreases in the other according to the envelope of the voltage supply signals. This intensity variation creates the illusion of a vibrating point moving between the actuators. We gradually increased the amplitude of motion until the participant reported perceiving the illusion, for eight values of duration of the stimulus from 0.1 to 6.0 s. Participants perceived the illusion at a minimum amplitude of motion of 20%; being 100% the motion from one actuator to the other. The median level of clarity of the perceived illusion at the minimum amplitude of motion was 2 (not so clear). Finally, we found a positive correlation between duration and continuity of motion.
•We controlled the amplitude of motion of a moving phantom sensation.•The minimum amplitude of motion at which individuals perceived the illusion was 20%.•The minimum amplitude of motion remained constant for durations from 0.1 to 6.0 s.•The perceived level of clarity at the minimum amplitude of motion was 2, not so clear.•The perceived level of clarity of 2 remained constant for stimuli duration from 0.1 to 6.0 s.•We found a strong positive correlation between continuity of motion and duration.
INTRODUCCIÓN. El incremento de los precios en la energía eléctrica, el cambio climático, ha impulsado el cambio del mercado mundial de la iluminación hacia fuentes de luz energéticamente más ...eficientes, mediante un estudio de iluminación para la industria en general. OBJETIVO. Se realiza la toma de muestras y se aplica el procedimiento, para establecer su incidencia en la productividad en una organización industrial. MÉTODO. La investigación se desarrolla bajo un enfoque mixto y bibliográfico. Además, se respalda con un trabajo de campo. RESULTADOS. Los niveles de iluminación encontrados fueron contrastados con la Norma Europea (UNE-EN 12 464-1, 2003) (Iluminación en puestos de trabajo), con la cual se comprobó que los mismos no cumplen con la norma citada, presentando un 40% de incumplimiento, para el área objeto de estudio. DISCUCIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Asimismo, se empleó el software de diseño y simulación DIALux evo 8.2, para desarrollar una propuesta del sistema de iluminación. Se comprueba, a través de Indicadores de productividad, un aumento del mismo en el orden de un 80% respecto a la producción y el costo de la energía eléctrica.
INTRODUCCIÓN. El análisis de criticidad mediante una matriz de criterios permite establecer la jerarquía de equipos de una planta, mientras que, el cálculo del indicador de disponibilidad muestra el ...porcentaje de tiempo durante el cual un equipo se encuentra apto para su uso y operativo. OBJETIVO. Desarrollar una herramienta en Excel utilizando criterios de disponibilidad y criticidad de los equipos para la asignación de modelos de mantenimiento. MÉTODO. Esta investigación es de carácter mixto, cualitativa y cuantitativa, utilizando como herramienta el software “Microsoft Excel”, que se configura mediante funciones matemáticas y lógicas para determinar el modelo de mantenimiento. RESULTADOS. Como resultado y aplicación de esta investigación se obtuvo una disponibilidad del 95.51% en el equipo, considerando cada variable para su cálculo. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Con este proyecto se demuestra que es posible gestionar el mantenimiento utilizando herramientas de bajo costo como Excel. La herramienta desarrollada en esta investigación significa un aporte sustancial en el proceso de mejora continua y gestión integral del mantenimiento.
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