Following tremendous economic progress, society in China is also undergoing fundamental changes, as is the healthcare system. Currently the training of Chinese young doctors and their future work ...placement are all undergoing re-structuring. We compiled some thoughts and opinions on the topic of 'should clinicians in China engage in research?', and publish them as a special report in this issue of Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery (QIMS). The contributors included some editorial members of this journal, and a few personal friends. Besides a few minor linguistic corrections, opinions from the contributors have not been edited, as we want authors' to write their own independent views. However, it is possible there is a selection bias of the contributors of this paper; more likely those who are interested in the medical research are selected and therefore the views of the contributors may not be generalizable. To compare the structure and funding of China with other countries, authors from UK, The Netherlands, France, and USA are also invited.
To investigate the immunization status of hepatitis B vaccine who were inoculated at birth, HBV infections and the vaccine booster effect in the first-year middle school students (12 - 14 years old).
...A cluster, stratified simplified random sampling method was administrated. The sample size was at least 218, which was calculated by Epi Info 3.3.2 software at 53% the minimum acceptable anti-HBs positive rate and 95% confidence level. A total of 250 and 236 students participated in the infection status and booster immunization effects investigation. The HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc IgG were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the diagnostic test kit were produced respectively by ABBOTT, Diasorin and Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co.
For the immunization status before booster: the positive rate of anti-HBs was 62.80% (157/250), the GMT was 73.79 IU/L; the currently HBV infection rate (HBsAg and anti-HBc positive) was 2.8
This study was aimed to investigate the efficiency of nested methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (nMS-PCR) for detecting the APC gene promoter methylation and to clarify the roles of ...methylation in genesis and development of hematologic malignancies, as well as to screen the hematologic malignant cell lines with hypermethylation of APC gene promoter to use as an ideal cell model for exploring the relationship between gen methylation and gene expression. The genome DNA of 10 cell lines modified with bisulfide was amplified and the methylation status of APC gene promoter was detected by using nMS-PCR. The results showed that the methylation of APC gene promoter was detected in Jurkat cells, while could not be detected in CA46, U266, Molt4, K562, HL-60, CEM, AKR, U937 and Raji cell lines. In conclusion, APC gene methylation in hematological malignant cell lines can be accurately detected by nMS-PCP method, which is simple method for detecting methylation status of various hematological malignant cell
WU polyomavirus (WUPyV), a new member of the genus Polyomavirus in the family Polyomaviridae, is recently found in patients with respiratory tract infections. In our study, the complete genome of the ...two WUPyV isolates (FZ18, FZTF) were sequenced and deposited in GenBank (accession nos. FJ890981, FJ890982). The two sequences of the WUPyV isolates in this study varied little from each other. Compared with other complete genome sequences of WUPyV in GenBank (strain B0, S1-S4, CLFF, accession nos. EF444549, EF444550, EF444551, EF444552, EF444553, EU296475 respectively), the sequence length in nucleotides is 5228bp, 1bp shorter than the known sequences. The deleted base pair was at nucleotide position 4536 in the non-coding region of large T antigen (LTAg). The genome of the WUPyV encoded for five proteins. They were three capsid proteins: VP2, VP1, VP3 and LTAg, small T antigen (STAg), respectively. To investigate whether these nucleotide sequences had any unique features, we compared the genome sequence of the
To establish the focus management mode and the report criteria more perfectly for the virus hepatitis cases, especially for the hepatitis B.
One district was set as the research area, in which there ...was enough cases resource and relatively separated from the other districts, then a first or second-class hospital was appointed to take the cases focus diagnosis, report and management.
The focus hospitals had reported 97% (323/331) of cases in the research area between June,2007 and June,2008; moreover,the rate in establishing case-card was 97.21% (314/323), as compared with that in period of 2007 (261), the cases reported declined 61.30% in the first half year of 2008 (101).
It should be an imperative situation to establish a report criteria and management mode for virus hepatitis (hepatitis B), however it is necessary to have more supports from health administrations.
In an inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) system, a primary capacitance is usually used to minimize the VA rating of power supply, and a secondary capacitance is adopted to maximize the power ...transfer. The changes of the secondary capacitance because of environmental temperature or other factors will alter the resonant frequency of the secondary side, and thus the power transfer capability is varied. In this study, the power transfer capability of ICPT systems is investigated in detail when the secondary capacitance changes. A resonant frequency control strategy is suggested to keep the system operation frequency to follow closely the secondary resonant frequency when the secondary capacitance varies. This new strategy is based on the synergic action of the system operation frequency and the primary capacitance. The performance of three frequency control methods, that is the resonant frequency control, the traditional variable frequency control, and the fixed frequency control, are compared when the secondary capacitance varies. A distinguish feature of a resonant frequency control is that the power transfer is an approximately linear function of the secondary capacitance. This linear characteristics facilitate a voltage control strategy being used to keep the load power unchanging when the secondary capacitance varies. A traditional viewpoint in an ICPT system is that maximizing of output power is achieved when the system operation frequency is equal to the secondary resonant frequency. Numerical simulations show that the power output by a resonant frequency control do not always dominate the power output from other two frequency control methods. This phenomenon suggests that above traditional viewpoint is a misconception, and should be reexamined. The power transfer capability of ICPT systems is an intricate function of the operational frequency, and thus resonant operations of the secondary side do not always guarantee maximizing the power transfer. A suitable control mechanism, such as the resonant frequency control, the variable frequency control, or the fixed frequency control, should be designed carefully according to the practical engineering requirement when the secondary capacitance varies.
A new amphiphilic cyclodextrin derivative 2-O-(hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylammonio)-beta-cyclodextrin (2-HPDMDA-beta-CD) was prepared and characterized by surface tension, electrical ...conductivity, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and steady-state fluorescence. 2-HPDMDA-beta-CD was found to be a fine surfactant with a smaller critical micelle concentration (1.21 mM) value than that of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride. TEM showed that 2-HPDMDA-beta-CD could form two kinds of spherical aggregates in solution. The smaller one showed little concentration dependence while the larger one showed relatively strong concentration dependence. 2-HPDMDA-beta-CD could be a fine host compound in molecular recognition with two functional spaces of the cyclodextrin cavity and micelles.
AIM:To study the metabolic profile of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells(HUMSC) and adipogenic differentiation by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy.METHODS:HUMSC isolated from human ...umbilical cord stroma were induced to adipocytes over 2 wk by adding dexamethasone,3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine,indomethacin,and insulin to the culture medium.Adipogenic differentiation was confirmed by Red O staining and transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Perchloric acid extracts of the HUMSCs and adipocytes(about 7 ×10 6) were characterized for metabolites by using in vitro high resolution 9.4T NMR spectroscopy.RESULTS:Several major metabolites,such as:choline,creatine,glutamate and myo-inositol,acetate,and some fatty acids/triglycerides,were observed in the MR spectroscopic pattern of HUMSCs and their adipogenic differentiation.HUMSCs are characterized by an unusually low number of NMR-detectable metabolites,high choline,acetate,glutamate and creatine content.However,the metabolic profiles of adipogenic differentiation demonstrated considerably higher methionine and fatty acids,and non-detectable creatine.CONCLUSION:The biomarkers of HUMSCS and adipocytes were obtained and assigned.NMR spectroscopy will be a promising tool for monitoring stem cell differentiation.
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