Aim: The survey aimed at determining the associations between the quality of life of children with chronic diseases, the quality of life of their parents and coping strategies used in the family. ...Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was performed as quantitative research using a questionnaire survey in chronically ill children (n = 288) aged 2-12 years and their parents. The following instruments were used: Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Family Impact Module and Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales. Results: The association between the quality of life of diabetic children and their parents' quality of life, family functioning and the impact of the illness on the family was weak. Children with diabetes had the highest quality of life but the quality of life of their parents was lowest among all disease groups in the study. The lowest overall quality of life of children was noted among those with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The strongest positive associations between internal coping strategies (i.e. reframing and passive appraisal) and children's and parents' quality of life was observed in the families of children with asthma. Conclusions: The weak association between children's and parents' quality of life and coping strategies pointed to their low effectiveness. The results suggest that relevant interventions should be used that promote selection of new coping strategies.
Aim: To determine pain coping strategies used by children during dental treatment. Design: A single cross-sectional survey with a questionnaire carried out in 199 children aged 10-17 years. Methods: ...The Waldron/Varni Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory was used. Interpretation of the results was preceded by exploratory factor analysis and Varimax orthogonal rotation. Statistical analysis of results concerning coping strategies was performed with descriptive statistics methods: the mean, standard deviation and median. Quantitative parameters were compared with the two-sample t-test, Mann-Whitney and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. All the tests were performed at a level of significance of α = 0.05. Results: The results were interpreted based on analysis of 25 items structured into five factors of the modified questionnaire, revealing strategies used by children to cope with pain and perceived as effective by them. The most frequently reported strategies were cognitive self-instructions. Younger children preferred the use of social support; passive relaxation and cognitive self-instructions were preferred by girls and boys, respectively. Hospitalized children needed social support more often than outpatients, and so did children undergoing dental treatment with parental accompaniment. Conclusion: Differences in the use of coping strategies were noted, particularly with regard to children's age category, gender, hospitalization and parents being present during treatment. Routine recommendations of how to effectively cope with pain during dental treatment without considering the child’s individuality and particular situation are not advisable.
The aim of the study was to determine the level of stress of parents caring for children with a disability and parents of children without a disability.
Pilot study was performed in the period from ...October to November 2020. A total number of 40 parents of children with a disability and 40 parents of children without a disability participated in this study. Parenting Stress Index 4 Short Form in Czech version (PSI 4 SF) has been used as a research tool.
It has been found out that parents of children with a disability have high stress levels in comparison with the group of parents of children without a disability. The difference in the stress perception between the monitored group and the control group is statistically significant (p<0.001) in all subscales as well as in the overall evaluation.
Caring for a child with a disability is associated with high levels of stress. Healthcare professionals should identify parental stress and offer the parents professional help in caring for their child according to their needs.
The study aimed to identify the presence of posttraumatic growth in children and adolescents with the diabetes mellitus type I and to find out relations with coping strategies.
The research group was ...formed by 102 children aged 12-18 years with diabetes mellitus type I. The research design was a cross-sectional study. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children (PTGI-C) and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) were used for data collection.
The ways of coping with stress are related to the subsequent posttraumatic growth in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The strongest correlation was found between posttraumatic growth and coping strategies Seeking Social Support and Planful Problem-Solving. The correlation between posttraumatic growth and coping strategy Escape-Avoidance has not been identified. However, this strategy was most often used by adolescents. There was no difference in the level of posttraumatic growth with respect to sex of the respondents and their age, except for the area of Personal Strength and area of Spiritual Change.
The facilitation of effective coping strategies by a nurse can have a positive effect on the posttraumatic growth of children and adolescents with diabetes.
Aim: The objective was to determine the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the evaluation tool “Screen for early eating disorder signs” (SEEDS-CZ). Design: Validation study. Methods: The ...group of respondents consisted of young women aged 15–21 (mean = 17.7). From the total of 230 subjects, 106 had type 1 diabetes and 124 were without disease. Psychometric analysis was implemented with regard to factor analysis and reliability. With respect to reliability, the internal consistency was determined by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. In order to verify the domains of the SEEDS-CZ questionnaire, exploration factor analysis with promax rotation and confirmation factor analysis were used. Convergence validity was assessed by correlation with independent testing of the same or similar areas. Results: On the basis of the exploratory factor analysis, three factors arose in the Czech version. Factor 1 (Body Image) was saturated by seven items, Factor 2 (Feelings) was saturated by seven items, and Factor 3 (Quality of life) was saturated by five items. Contrary to the original version, item 5 was assigned to Factor 1. The correlation between factors was strong. Correlations with the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey – Revised version, the Eating Attitude Test-26, and the Rosenberg scale were significant. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.89 for the tool as a whole. Conclusion: The SEEDS-CZ evaluation tool is conceptually consistent with the original version of the SEEDS. From the psychometric point of view, it is suitable for use, particularly with diabetics.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the level of moral judgment competence in students of nursing at the University of Ostrava Faculty of Medicine, and whether it is influenced by ...the field of study, type of study, current year of study and age. The design of the study was cross-sectional. The survey sample comprised 662 full-time and part-time students of General Nursing and Midwifery. To measure ethical competence, Lind's Moral Judgment Test (MJT, 1995) was used. The nursing students showed low C-index scores (the mean C-index was 14.24±9.56). The C-index was significantly influenced only by the type of study and age (p<0.05). Part-time students and those over 30years of age had the lowest C-index scores. On average, the students preferred stages 5 and 6 of moral judgment, that is the post-conventional level. Due to the nursing students' lower C-index scores, methods developing ethical argumentation should be introduced into nursing ethics courses.
Objectives: The study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Czech versions of the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia (QUALID) and the Cognitively Impaired Life Quality (CILQ) scales ...for use in the palliative care setting in terminally ill patients with cognitive impairment.
Methods: The sample comprised 306 cognitively impaired inpatients with advanced cancer and non-cancer conditions. In this cross-sectional study, two Quality of Life (QoL) measurements were performed at baseline and after five days. The dimensionality of the QUALID and CILQ scales was evaluated using a principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha; inter-rater reliability was evaluated with Kappa index. Test-retest stability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) comparing scores from baseline and 3-5 days post-baseline. The construct validity of the QUALID and CILQ scale was established by Spearman's correlation coefficients with the Symptom Management at the End-of-Life in Dementia (SM-EOLD).
Results: Both scales were shown to have adequate validity and reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.812 for QUALID, and α = 0.73 for CILQ), good inter-rater agreement (QUALID: κ = 0.760; CILQ: κ = 0.801) as well as test-retest reliability (QUALID: ICC = 0.847; CILQ: ICC = 0.925).
Conclusion: The Czech versions of the QUALID and CILQ scales may be recommended for use in the Czech Republic in the area of palliative care.
PDF
