In the presented study, an acrylic flat plate passive daylight collector is compared with the acrylic dome shaped daylight collector for 21st June (summer solstice) and 21st December (winter ...solstice) day. Daylighting system with both acrylic dome shaped and flat plate collector was designed and simulated using TracePro, an optical designing and simulation tool. A highly reflective light pipe with reflectivity of 95% was utilized as a light transportation device. Collectors are made up of Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), boasting higher transmission efficiency, weather resistant and shock resistant properties than glass, easy to manufacture, light weight and cost-effective alternative to glass. Simulations performed for the Chandigarh location showed that the dome shaped collector delivered better results than the flat plate collector.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic threat with more than 11.8 million confirmed cases and more than 0.5 million deaths as of 3 July 2020. Given the ...lack of definitive pharmaceutical interventions against SARS-CoV-2, multiple therapeutic strategies and personal protective applications are being used to reduce the risk of high mortality and community spread of this infection. Currently, more than a hundred vaccines and/or alternative therapeutic regimens are in clinical trials, and some of them have shown promising results in improving the immune cell environment and controlling the infection. In this review, we discussed high-performance multi-directory strategies describing the uncontrolled deregulation of the host immune landscape associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and treatment strategies using an anti-neoplastic regimen. We also followed selected current treatment plans and the most important on-going clinical trials and their respective outcomes for blocking SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis through regenerative medicine, such as stem cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptors, natural killer (NK) cells, extracellular vesicular-based therapy, and others including immunomodulatory regimens, anti-neoplastic therapy, and current clinical vaccine therapy.
High rise buildings or office cubicles constitute the modern living and work places. Rapid pace of urbanization has led to population concentration in cities. Due to space constraints, multi-story ...buildings in these cities often lack proper access to natural lightening. This necessitates the increasing use of artificial light for illumination even during daytime, leading to higher energy usage in this era of energy crisis. A well-designed Daylight System can deliver daylight to interior parts of buildings, thus reducing dependence on artificial lightening system and to cut energy consumption during the daytime. A daylight illumination system has been presented in this work that made it possible to use PMMA based fiber optic bundle and acrylic lenses as collimator lens reduces heat concentration that arises due to infrared rays at focal point. Numerical simulation for ray tracing and illumination analysis using Trace Pro 7 software has been done. Illumination maps and Polar iso candela have been plotted for collimated and non-collimated beam and it has been observed that collimator lens results in uniform distribution of light rays without any hot spot formation.
To present time-efficiency data during our initial experience with intracorporeal urinary diversion and technical tips that may shorten operative time early in the learning curve.
Data were analyzed ...in the initial 37 consecutive patients undergoing robotic radical cystectomy and intracorporeal urinary diversion in whom detailed stepwise operative time data were available. Median age was 65 years and median body mass index was 27. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 6 patients and 11 patients had clinical evidence of T3 or lymph node-positive disease. Each component of the operation was subdivided into specific steps and operative time for each step was prospectively recorded. Peri-operative and follow-up data up to 90 days and final pathological data were recorded.
All procedures were completed intracorporeally and robotically without need for conversion to open surgery or extracorporeal diversion. Median total operative time was 387 vs 386 minutes (p=0.2) and median total console time was 361 vs 295 minutes (p<0.007) for orthotopic neobladder and ileal conduit, respectively. Median time for radical cystectomy was 77 minutes, extended pelvic lymph node dissection was 63 minutes, and diversion was 111 minutes (ileal conduit 92 minutes and orthotopic neobladder 124 minutes). Median estimated blood loss was 250 mL, and median hospital stay was 9 days. High grade (Clavien grade 3-5) complications at 30 and 90 days follow-up were recorded in 6 (16%) and 9 (24%) patients, respectively. Over a median follow-up of 16 months, 12 (32%) patients experienced disease recurrence and 9 (24%) died from bladder cancer. These correspond to 1-year recurrence-free and overall survival of 64% and 70%, respectively.
Intracorporeal urinary diversion following robotic radical cystectomy can be safely performed and reproducible in a time-efficient manner even during the early learning curve.
This article reviews multi-dimensional space-time multilevel codes (ST-MLC). Basic construction methods, including conventional STCs. The space-time multilevel encoders partition a 2N^sub t^ ...dimensional signaling space, which spans all N^sub t^ transmit antennas. Complexity of detection/decoding can be reduced, by multi-dimensional partitioning. Space time multistage decoder for the proposed ST-MLCs is reviewed. The complexity of soft decision decoding to be significantly reduced by comparing a single level approach. In addition, significant performance gains are obtained over a single level approach.
PDF
