Ciljevi ovog rada bili su procijeniti učinak izmuzivanja mlijeka na sastav, profil masnih kiselina, broj somatskih stanica i mikrobiološku kvalitetu mlijeka ovaca Chios pasmine. U istraživanje je ...bilo uključeno ukupno četrdeset osam životinja (16 prve, 16 druge i 16 treće i kasnijih laktacija). Sve su životinje hranjene sa 1,06 kg/ovci/dan koncentrirane smjese i 0,9 kg/ovci/dan sijena lucerne. Ovce su mužene dva puta dnevno tijekom 10 tjedana u izmuzištu tipa «Casse» 1x24 s 12 muznih jedinica. Dobiveni podaci analizirani su ANOVA testom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je udjel masti ručno izmuženog mlijeka bio veći nego u mlijeku dobivenom cjelokupnom strojnom mužnjom, dok su udjeli proteina i laktoze bili na istim razinama. Unatoč višem udjelu masti u ručno izmuženom mlijeku, profil masnih kiselina u dvije frakcije bio je sličan. Samo su koncentracije eikozapentaenske kiseline (EPA) i dokoheksanoične kiseline (DHA) utvrđene u većim količinama u ručno izmuženom mlijeku. Broj somatskih stanica bio je niži u cjelokupnoj strojnoj mužnji, a mikrobiološka kvaliteta bila je bolja u ručno izmuženom mlijeku. Faza laktacije značajno je utjecala na sve izmjerene varijable.
In an experiment with twenty four lactating Greek buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cows, effects of total replacement of alfalfa hay (AH) with corn silage (CS) on productivity and milk composition were ...determined. In the experiment, which started on week 10 postpartum, buffalo cows were allocated, after equal distribution relative to milk yield and lactation number (i.e., 2 or 3), into 2 treatments being AH and CS of 12 buffalo cows each. For a period of 8 weeks (i.e., weeks 10-18 postpartum), buffalo cows were individually fed a concentrate mixture (7.3 kg dry matter – DM/buffalo cow/day), wheat straw (1.8 kg DM/buffalo cow/day) and alfalfa hay (treatment AH; 5.4 kg DM/buffalo cow/day) or corn silage (treatment CS; 5.6 kg DM/buffalo cow/day). In the 8-week experimental period, there were no differences (P>0.05) between AH and CS treatments in milk fat (81.0 g/kg), protein (46.1 g/kg), lactose (51.2 g/kg) or ash (8.1 g/kg) contents, as well as in somatic cell counts (SSC; 108.8 ×1000 SSC/ml) and colony forming units (CFU; 53.6 ×1000 CFU/ml) of milk. Moreover, average milk yield (5.8 kg/day), and fat (0.47 kg/day), protein (0.26 kg/day), lactose (0.29 kg/day) and ash (0.047 kg/day) yields, was not affected (P>0.05). Thus, total replacement of alfalfa hay with corn silage as the main forage source in diets of lactating Greek buffalo cows resulted in similar productive performance.
The aim of this paper was to study some of the teat characteristics involved in the milking ability of indigenous Greek goats such as the vacuum level of the milking machine that is required for the ...opening of the teat canal sphincter (VOTS) and the changes in the teat end wall thickness induced by milking. Thirty-six dams (12 of the first, 12 of the second and 12 of the third and subsequent lactations) were used after weaning (60+/-5 days). Dams were milked twice a day (8:00 and 18:00 h) for 12 weeks in a milking parlour 1 x 12 side by side of Casse type with 6 milking units and a low milk line and air pipeline. The main functional characteristics of milking machines were as follows: vacuum level 44 kPa, pulsation rate 90 pulsations/min and pulsation ratio 50:50. Every 14 days, the vacuum level was measured. The measurement of teat end wall thickness (TEWT) was performed before and after milking. The results of this study showed that during the experimental period the mean VOTS was 23.57+/-0.36 kPa and decreased significantly as the stage of lactation progressed. The post-milking TEWT was significantly higher than that before milking. A continuous and significant decrease in teat thickness was observed during the lactation stage. The TEWT was significantly affected by the parity. A lower vacuum level is required for the opening of the teat sphincter of the udder in goats of the indigenous Greek breed. The thicker teat end wall and more resistant sphincter could be less favourable in the machine milking of goats.
Effect of age at slaughter on carcass characteristics and carcass composition in lambs of mountain Greek breeds Skapetas, B.(Technological Educational Inst. of Thessaloniki (Greece). Dept. of Animal Production) E-mail:bskapetas@yahoo.gr; Sinapis, E.(Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki (Greece). Dept. of Animal Production); Hatziminaouglou, J.(Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki (Greece). Dept. of Animal Production) ...
Czech Journal of Animal Science,
07/2006, Volume:
51, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Forty male lambs of the mountain Greek breed were slaughtered at the age of 30, 45, 60, 75 or 90 days to evaluate the effect of the age at slaughter on carcass characteristics and composition. The ...lambs of different age groups did not differ significantly in dressing percentage. The proportion of muscles increased non-significantly with increasing age at slaughter. The proportion of total fat in carcass increased significantly with increasing slaughter age from 20.84 to 23.59% for the age group of 30 and 90 days, respectively. On the contrary, the proportion of bones decreased significantly. Subcutaneous, intermuscular, perinephric and pelvic fats increased, but only the subcutaneous fat was influenced significantly. The cuts long leg, first 5 ribs and shoulder decreased, while the cuts last 8 ribs-loin and breast-flank increased significantly. Our results suggest that the slaughter age of lambs of the mountain Greek breed should be increased from the present 45 days to 75 or 90 days.
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