The influence of topographic loading on the thrust kinematics of fold-and-thrust belts has long been poorly understood. The current Longmen Shan thrust belt (LSTB) in the eastern Tibetan Plateau has ...experienced progressive deformation, which might be influenced by preexisting topographic loading. Sandbox modeling was conducted herein to investigate the deformation of the LSTB. A reference model without topographic slope and five models with slopes of 6°, 14°, 17°, 19°, and 22°, each with two décollements, were evaluated using a sandbox instrument and particle image velocimetry. The critical slope angle for the experimental materials was determined to be 15°–17°. Subcritical wedges facilitated the formation of imbricate forethrusts and triangle zones with large-displacement backthrusts at the shallow level and active roof duplexes at the deep level. Furthermore, critical-supercritical wedges promoted the nucleation of imbricate forethrusts and rudimentary triangle zones with small-displacement backthrusts at the shallow level and passive roof duplexes at the deep level. The different kinematic assemblages were dominated by the localization of back-thrusting as topographic loading varied. The preferred deep backthrusts were likely associated with a brittle-ductile shear stress ratio exceeding 13.5 and with rotation of the stress σ1 axis towards hinterland. However, the shallow backthrusts tended to vanish due to increased ductile layer strength as initial backthrust tips showed increased horizontal velocity differences. Therefore, this study suggests that the Mesozoic topography probably created critical-supercritical to subcritical wedges from northern to southern segments, dominating the along-strike differential evolution of triangle zones and duplexes in the LSTB during the Cenozoic.
•Kinematic assemblages are dominated by topographic loading in fold-and-thrust belts.•Critical wedges are revealed by localization of backthrusts and transition from active to passive duplexes.•Mesozoic topography is characterized by critical-supercritical to subcritical wedges from north to south in the LSTB.
•The Atlas stent shows promise as a safe and effective treatment option for intracranial stenosis.•The use of the Gateway catheter to deliver the stent appears to be associated with a lower risk of ...post-procedural stroke compared to using the microcatheter.•The incidence of in-stent restenosis may be influenced by the degree of residual stenosis.
This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of the Atlas stent released by the Gateway catheter and microcatheter in the treatment of intracranial stenosis (IS).
The primary efficacy and safety outcomes were the in-stent restenosis (ISR) rate and post-procedural stroke or death within one month.
Atlas stents were deployed using the Gateway catheter and microcatheter in 19 (57.6 %) and 14 (42.4 %) procedures, respectively. Follow-up imaging data were available for 26 patients; the incidence of ISR was 15.4 %, and the ISR rate was higher, though not significantly, in the microcatheter group than in the Gateway group (30.0% vs. 6.25 %, P = .39). Clinical follow-up data were available for 30 patients; the post-procedural stroke rate was 3.3 % within one month and 13.3 % from one month to one year. The post-procedural stroke rate within one month was higher, though not significantly, in the microcatheter group than in the Gateway group (7.7% vs. 0 %, P = .43). The Gateway group had a significantly lower rate of post-procedural stroke in the same territory than that of the microcatheter group (0% vs. 30.8 %, P = .026). A higher incidence of residual stenosis <30 % was found in the non-ISR group than in the ISR group (72.2% vs. 0 %, P = .014).
This study provides preliminary evidence that the Atlas stent is safe and effective for IS treatment. The use of the Gateway catheter to deliver the Atlas stent appears to be safer than using microcatheter. The incidence of ISR may be related to the degree of the residual stenosis.
This study aims to share our experience with the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access approach for neurointerventional procedures and evaluate its efficacy and safety.
The arm-only ...combined transarterial and transvenous access approach was performed using the right/bilateral proximal radial arteries and the right forearm superficial vein system, guided by ultrasonic guidance. Arterial access closure was achieved using a transradial band radial compression device, while manual compression was utilized for venous approach closure.
Thirteen procedures were successfully performed using the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access approach, yielding favorable outcomes. The procedures included dural arteriovenous fistula embolization (seven cases), cerebral arteriovenous malformation embolization (four cases), venous sinus thrombosis catheter-directed thrombolysis and intravenous thrombectomy (one case), and cerebral venous sinus stenosis manometry (one case). All procedures were uneventful, allowing patients to ambulate on the same day. At discharge, all patients exhibited modified Rankin scores of 0-2, without any access site or perioperative complications.
This double-center study preliminarily demonstrates the feasibility and safety of arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access applied in neurointerventional procedures for complicated cerebrovascular diseases. The proximal radial artery and forearm superficial vein are recommended as the primary access sites. Unobstructed compression is strongly recommended for radial approach closure.
This study aimed to add evidence and experience on the arm-only combined transarterial and transvenous access, as a new approach, for neurointerventional treatment that required arteriovenous approaches.
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is the pathological basis of atherosclerosis. Incomplete understanding of endothelial dysfunction etiology has impeded drug development for this devastating disease ...despite the currently available therapies. Floralozone, an aroma flavor, specifically exists in rabbit ear grass. Recently, floralozone has been demonstrated to inhibit atherosclerosis, but the underlying mechanisms are undefined. The present study was undertaken to explore whether floralozone pharmacologically targets endothelial dysfunction and therefore exerts therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis. The Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1), a channel protein, plays a vital role in atherosclerosis. Whether NHE1 is involved in the therapeutic effects of floralozone on endothelial dysfunction has yet to be further answered. By performing oil red staining and hematoxylin–eosin staining, vascular functional study, and oxidative stress monitoring, we found that floralozone not only reduced the size of carotid atherosclerotic plaque but also prevented endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic rats. NHE1 expression was upregulated in the inner membrane of carotid arteries and H2O2-induced primary rat aortic endothelial cells. Inspiringly, floralozone prevented the upregulation of NHE1 in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the administration of NHE1 activator LiCl significantly weakened the protective effect of floralozone on endothelial dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. Our study demonstrated that floralozone exerted its protective effect on endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis by ameliorating NHE1. NHE1 maybe a drug target for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and floralozone may be an effective drug to meet the urgent needs of atherosclerosis patients by dampening NHE1.
To investigate the compaction effect and environmental impact effect of dynamic compaction (DC), a 3D continuous-discrete coupling method was used to simulate the hammer-soil interaction process for ...the first time. Through the dynamic response analysis of the hammer, it is found that the force of the hammer changes through three stages: the contact force increases rapidly, the contact force decreases rapidly, and the contact force decreases slowly; in addition, the soil particles are compacted under the dynamic load, resulting in oscillating changes in the soil porosity. The granular soil is punched by the hammer to form a truncated punching surface in the bulk below the bottom of the hammer. Ellipsoidal compaction bands are formed inside the punching surface, and shear bands are formed outside the punching surface. The compression and shear zones affect the soil outside the continuous-discrete interface and form a stress concentration zone and a plastic strain zone near the interface, resulting in a sharp attenuation of the acceleration amplitude as the radial distance increases. Through an amplitude and Fourier spectrum analysis, it is found that the radial vibration caused by the DC is the strongest, while the tangential and vertical vibrations are almost the same. With the increase in the radial distance, the radial vibration attenuation rate is greater than that of the tangential and vertical vibrations, and their PGAs tend to be the same away from the impact point. These research results are helpful for evaluating the influence of the DC and the installation process on the reinforcement effect of the soft ground and for improving the accurate design and control level of soft ground strengthened by DC.
The You Only Look Once (YOLO) series of detectors have established themselves as efficient and practical tools. However, their reliance on predefined and trained object categories limits their ...applicability in open scenarios. Addressing this limitation, we introduce YOLO-World, an innovative approach that enhances YOLO with open-vocabulary detection capabilities through vision-language modeling and pre-training on large-scale datasets. Specifically, we propose a new Re-parameterizable Vision-Language Path Aggregation Network (RepVL-PAN) and region-text contrastive loss to facilitate the interaction between visual and linguistic information. Our method excels in detecting a wide range of objects in a zero-shot manner with high efficiency. On the challenging LVIS dataset, YOLO-World achieves 35.4 AP with 52.0 FPS on V100, which outperforms many state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and speed. Furthermore, the fine-tuned YOLO-World achieves remarkable performance on several downstream tasks, including object detection and open-vocabulary instance segmentation.
Device-to-device (D2D) communication is one of the key technologies for the collaborative heterogeneous networks towards the fifth generation (5G) ecosystem. Among D2D techniques, D2D-relay, which ...combines the advantages of both D2D and relay technology, is a promising tool to enhance performance of communication systems. In this paper, we propose a stable and proportional fair user pairing algorithm for D2D-relay systems. The proposed algorithm adopts the concept in symmetric pairing theory, which is verified to be absolutely stable. Moreover, we also proved that the proposed algorithm is Pareto optimal in system performance. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm distinctly outperforms the traditional user pairing methods in both energy efficiency (EE) and proportional fairness (PF) aspects, while maintaining a comparable throughput performance with traditional pairing methods, which is attractive for practical applications.
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